Butler’s Tourism Life Cycle
Paru-paro Festival is classified in the Consolidation Stage, as it has been over a decade since the festival's first celebration. Its growth is now more focused on being an established part of Dasmarinas' tourism economy, rather than rapid growth. Butler (1980) described the Consolidation Stage as a point at which a slower pace in the growth of visitors is observed, but remains high, and tourism becomes linked to the local economy.
This characteristic is manifested in the festival since it is already a yearly tradition that helps the city in its cultural promotion by being a symbol of the transformation and growth of the city. It also supports the economy, particularly the local vendors and small businesses. In 2024, Food Bazaars and Trade Fairs are integrated into the festival at the Dasmarinas City Arena, which helps generate income for the different local businesses.
Moreover, the Paruparo festival made its first participation in a National Stage Competition in Kalayaan Parade 2025 at Luneta, Manila, to represent the Province of Cavite (City Tourism of Dasmarinas, 2025). Additionally, this was also a way to invite the Filipinos to experience the entire festival during November. This aligned with Butler's characteristic of the Consolidation Stage, wherein "efforts to extend the tourism season and market reach will increase" (1980, p.8).
Overall, it is reasonable to state that the festival is not yet in its stagnation stage because the carrying capacity has yet to be exceeded, and it continues to bring in audiences with its street dance competition, costume competition, pageants, and float parade.
Natural Hazards
The festival occurs in November, which can coincide with the tail end of the rainy season when heavy rains or typhoons may cause flooding in Dasmariñas City and its vicinity. Floods could disrupt festival activities, road access, and pose safety risks to attendees.
November is still within the typhoon season timeframe in the Philippines, and the area can be affected by tropical storms bringing strong winds and rain that may damage parade floats, stages, and decorations, and endanger participants and spectators.
Although November is generally cooler, extended outdoor exposure for performers and attendees, especially under direct sunlight during daytime events, may cause heat stress or discomfort.
Man-made Hazard
The festival attracts large crowds, leading to heavy traffic congestion, especially along major roads like Aguinaldo Highway. The number of people can also increase the risk of pedestrian-related incidents.
Location
For the main events of the Paru-Paro Festival, such as the food bazaar, awarding ceremonies, and pageant competitions, the City of Dasmariñas Arena is used as the main assembly area and venue. In past parades and street dances, assembly areas were also set up along streets like Orchard Road. The parade route goes through streets such as Gov. Mangubat Road, General Aguinaldo Highway, Daños Street, and P. Posadas.
Available Transportation
During the Paru-Paro Festival in Dasmariñas, heavy traffic is expected, and starting from 12 noon onwards, entry of all buses and jeepneys into the city will be restricted. However, parking is usually provided for private vehicles, and alternate routes will be available for jeepneys to drop off visitors at nearby areas.
Jeepneys
Tricycles
Private Vehicles
Ride-hailing apps
Transportation Infrastructure
The main road near the Dasmariñas City Arena, the venue of Paru-Paro festival is Congressional Road, which provides primary access to the arena.
It is controlled and organized by the city government of Dasmariñas, Cavite. It is an official city festival declared under City Council Resolution 069-s-2011 and Special Ordinance 02-s-2011 during the term of Mayor Jennifer Austria Barzaga.
Barzaga, P. D. (2025, June 12). Why Paru-Paro Festival: Dasmariñas' metamorphosis likened to a Paru-Paro [Facebook post]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/barzagapidi/posts/why-paru-paro-festival-dasmari%C3%B1as-metamorphosis-likened-to-a-paru-parothe-paru-p/1048314641945118/
City Tourism of Dasmariñas. (2025, June 12). The Paruparo Festival was recognized at the 2025 Parangal ng Kalayaan as one of the performers in the Festival Performance Competition [Facebook post]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/DCParuparoFestival/posts/the-paruparo-festival-was-recognized-at-the-2025-parangal-ng-kalayaan-as-one-of-/1204353611703269/
City of Dasmariñas. (n.d.). Paru-Paro Festival celebration. Cavite.gov.ph. https://cavite.gov.ph/home/city-of-dasmarinas-paru-paro-festival-celebration/
Department of Education – Dasmariñas. (2022, November 16). UM Paruparo Festival streetdance competition participants’ assembly and dry run. https://www.depeddasma.edu.ph/um-paruparo-festival-streetdance-competition-participants-assembly-and-dry-run/#:~:text=All%20Paruparo%20Festival%20Participants%20for%20the%20Elementary,at%20the%20arena%20on%20November%2016%2C%202022%2C
Mayor Jenny Austria Barzaga. (2024, November 21). Paruparo Festival 2024 food bazaar and trade fair at the City of Dasmariñas Arena [Facebook post]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/MayorJennyAustriaBarzaga/posts/paruparo-festival-2024-food-bazaar-and-trade-fair-at-the-city-of-dasmari%C3%B1as-aren/1119195996229407/
Philippine News Agency. (2017, November 26). Palace declares Nov. 26 a holiday in Dasmariñas City. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1016826
Philippine News Agency. (2018, November 21). Float parade, pageant to highlight 7th 'Paru-Paro' Fest. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1054505
Philippine News Agency. (2019, November 22). Palace declares Nov. 26 a holiday in Dasmariñas City. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1086124
Weather Underground. (2022, May 2). Weather history for Dasmariñas, Cavite. https://www.wunderground.com/hourly/ph/dasmari%C3%B1as/date/2022-5-2
https://thecaviterising.com/dasma-celebrates-paruparo-festival-after-2-year-hiatus/
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https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/philippines-flooding-kills-3-displaces-thousands/1229731