Embedded Files
Directives
==========
All directives can start with a . or a #. The # was used for compatibility
with some include files.
CPU Selection:
--------------
Using one of these directives is pretty much required at
top of every source file to let naken_asm know which
CPU this source file should be assembled for.
| | |
|-----------------|--------------------------------------|
|.1802 |RCA 1802
|.4004 |Intel 4004
|.6502 |6502, 6510, and any other 65xx CPUs
|.65816 |W65C816
|.6800 |6800
|.6809 |6809
|.68hc08 |68HC08
|.68000 |Motorola 68000 series
|.8048 |8048/MCS-48 (and similar)
|.8051 |8051/8052/MCS-51 (and similar)
|.86000 |86000
|.arm |All ARM CPUs
|.avr8 |Atmel AVR8
|.cell |IBM Cell BE (Playstation 3)
|.copper |Amiga Copper
|.cp1610 |CP1610 (General Instruments)
|.dspic |dsPIC
|.epiphany |Ephiphany/Parallella
|.java |Java
|.lc3 |LC-3
|.mips |MIPS (32 bit)
|.mips32 |MIPS (32 bit)
|.msp430 |MSP430
|.mps430x |MSP430X
|.n64_rsp |Nintendo 64 RSP
|.pic14 |PIC w/ 14 bit opcodes
|.pic24 |PIC24
|.pic32 |PIC32 MIPS
|.powerpc |PowerPC
|.propeller |Parallax Propeller
|.ps2_ee |Sony Emotion Engine (Playstation 2)
|.ps2_ee_vu0 |Sony Emotion Engine Vector Unit 0
|.ps2_ee_vu1 |Sony Emotion Engine Vector Unit 1
|.sh4 |Hitachi SH-4
|.stm8 |STM8
|.super_fx |Super FX
|.sweet16 |SWEET16
|.riscv |RISC-V
|.thumb |THUMB
|.tms1000 |TMS1000/TMS1200/TMS1070/TMS1270
|.tms1100 |TMS1100/TMS1300
|.tms9900 |TMS9900
|.webasm |WebAssembly
|.xtensa |Xtensa (ESP32, ESP8266)
|.z80 |Z80
Data Directives:
----------------
Directives for inserting text or numerical data in a program.
| | |
|--------------------------|---------------------------------------|
|.ascii {text} |Insert ASCII chars at memory address (no NULL term)
|.asciiz {text} |Same as .ascii but NULL terminated
|.db {data bytes} |8 bit data bytes
|.dw {data words} |16 bit data bytes
|.dc.w {data words} |16 bit data bytes
|.dl {data words} |32 bit data bytes
|.dc.l {data words} |32 bit data bytes
|.dc16 {data words} |16 bit data bytes
|.dc32 {data words} |32 bit data bytes
|.dc64 {data words} |64 bit data bytes
|.dq {data words} |32 bit floats
|.resb {data byte count} |Reserve {count} bytes
|.resw {data words count} |Reserve {count} 16 bit words
|.binfile "binarydata.bin" |Read in binary file and insert at memory address
Data Formatting:
-----------------
| | |
|---------------------------|------------------------------|
|.align {16, 32, 64, 128..} |Align next instr/data to a bit boundary
|.align_bits |Align by bits (same as .align)
|.align_bytes |Align by bytes (align instr/data to byte boundary)
|.big_endian |Store data / code in big endian format
|.little_endian |Store data / code in little endian format
Macros and Define Directives:
-----------------------------
For examples on how to use macros, see some of the examples in the documentation.
| | |
|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|
|.if {exression} |Evaluate an expression and assemble code if true
|.ifdef {exression} |If defined, can be used with .define
|.ifndef {exression} |If not defined, can be used with .define
|.define {macro} |Define a C style #define macro
|.else |Else for .if or .ifdef
|.endif |Close an .ifdef or .if
|.macro {name} (opt. params) |Define a macro (should end with .endm
|.endm |End of macro definition
Scope Directives:
-----------------
Labels defined within a scope will only be valid in that
scope and may be reused in other parts of the program.
| | |
|----------------------------|-----------------------------|
|.func {name} |Start a function (all labels will be local)
|.endf |End a function
|.scope |Start a local scope
|.ends |End local scope
Other Directives:
-----------------
| | |
|---------------------------|------------------------------|
|.equ |Set symbol to numerical value (similar to .set)
|.export |Export symbol so it shows up in ELF file
|.entry_point |ELF file / SREC entry point (address of execution)
|.include "includefile.inc" |Include a file of asm source code
|.list |Write included file into .lst file
|.org {address} |Address where next assembled bytes are written to
|.low_address {address} |Low address of memory written to output file
|.high_address {address} |High address of memory written to output file
|.set {symbol}={value} |Create or modify symbol's value (excluding labels)
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