Research project

Landscape & Aging

2017-2019 科技部專題研究計畫

近年來高齡政策提倡「在地老化」，高齡者對鄰里社區的地方依附情感能給予他們安全感及意義。綠園道除了提供物理環境讓高齡居民從事戶外活動維持健康之外，也形塑了周邊鄰里社會氛圍。然而，在綠園道上活動也許必須承受環境壓力源，如噪音及空氣汙染。

本研究以台中市 13 處都市綠園道為研究基地，於綠園道鄰里階層探討各綠園道間景觀資源及物理環境與社會環境的關係，於個體階層探討高齡居民環境感知與健康之關係，以期最終達到探討健康老化的目標。

Chang, P. J. (2018). The relationship between older residents and urban greenway. Benefits of Urban Infrastructure - A cross country study Intentional Workshop, Taipei, June.

Environment & Health

Chinese Academy of Social Sciences & California State Polytechnic University

This study drew upon stress recovery theory and attention recovery theory to examine whether leisure in natural environments is preferable to other leisure activities in urban China given the risk of exposure to air pollution.

Using national survey and environmental data, this study investigated the impact of air pollution on home-based, indoor, and outdoor behaviors, as well as depression.

A higher level of air pollution is associated with more depression symptoms.

Leisure in a natural environment is the only type of leisure that can decrease depression, regardless of air pollution exposure.

Chang, P. J., Song, R., & Lin, Y. Effect of Air Pollution on the Association between Leisure Activities and Well-being in Urban China. Journal of Happiness Study (SSCI, submitted).

Chang, P. J., Lin, Y., & Song, R. (2018) Leisure Satisfaction Mediates the Relationships between Leisure Settings, Subjective Well-Being, and Depression among Middle-Aged Adults in Urban China, Applied Research in Quality of Life, 1-17, (SSCI)

Chang, P. J., Song, R., & Lin, Y.(2017). Does Outdoor Environment Matter? Assessing Leisure Styles and Subjective Well-being in China. Council of Educators in Landscape Architecture (CELA) Annual Conference, Beijing.

Chang, P. J., Lin, Y., & Song, R. (2016). Urban- Rural Gaps in Leisure and Life Satisfaction. The 2016 NRPA Annual Conference in St. Louis, MO, October.

Behavior & Aging

RPTM, Pennsylvania State University

To investigate the relationship between playfulness and resilience in women over the age of 50 who were participating in The Red Hat Society (RHS), a leisure group for older women. The Broaden-and-Build Theory (Fredrickson, 2001) describes the benefits of positive emotions can contribute to resilience in later life. Longitudinal data were collected online from 167 members, and multilevel modeling (MLM) employed in the data analysis to see if playfulness contributed resilience, controlling for age, education, marital status, years of RHS membership, physical and mental health.

Chang, P. J. & Yarnal, C. (2017). The effect of social support on resilience growth among women in the Red Hat Society. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1-8. (SSCI)

Chang, P. J., Yarnal, C., Chick, G. (2016). The longitudinal association between playfulness and resilience in older women engaged in the Red Hat Society, Journal of Leisure Research, 48(3), 210-227 (SSCI).

張伯茹、Careen Yarnal，2015，長期休閒認同與玩興對心理恢復力之影響 – 以年長女性休閒團體為例，第十七屆戶外遊憩學術研討會，國立暨南國際大學，南投。

Behavior & Midlife

Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University

Using the effort-recovery model, the study tested the hypothesis that engagement in greater leisure-time physical activity would facilitate recovery processes that buffer the negative health effects of increasing work-family spillover.

Employed adults (N = 1,354) completed two waves of the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS).

An increase in negative work-family spillover across nine years was associated with increased number of chronic conditions at Time 2.

Lee, B., Lawson, K. M., Chang, P. J., Neundorf, C., Dmitrieva, N., & Almeida, D. M. (2015). Leisure-time physical activity moderates the longitudinal associations between work-family spillover and physical health. Journal of Leisure Research, 47(4), 444-466 (SSCI).

Lee, B., Lawson, K. M., Chang, P. J., & Almeida, D. M. (2014). A Longitudinal Examination of the Associations Between Changes in Time Use and Work-Family Spillover. Work and Family Researchers Network Conference, New York, June.

Outdoor & Aging

Pennsylvania State University & California State Polytechnic University

The effect of exposure to natural environment on the health of older adults was assessed on the basis of the socioecological framework of the relationship between green space and health.

Using the data of 1,534 participants from the 2010 and 2014 Health and Retirement Study, structural equation modeling and multi-group analyses were conducted to examine the hypothesized model.

Leisure time spent in a green environment was more beneficial than that spent indoors; and that the effect of leisure-time activities on psychological resources in women was stronger than that in men.

Chang, P. J., Wray, L., & Lin, Y. (2014). Social relationships, leisure activity, and health in older adults. Health Psychology, 33(6), 516-523 (SSCI).

張伯茹，2017，高齡族群鄰里社會凝聚力與戶外休閒活動之長期關係，第十五屆造園景觀學術研討會，國立台灣大學園藝系，台北。

Lin, Y. & Chang, P. J. (2016). Examining the Role of Social Status and Leisure Activity in the Main Effect Model. California & Pacific Southwest Recreation and Park Training Conference, California, March.

Environment & Behavior

Kyung Hee University 慶熙大學

This study applied the effort-recovery model to a population of working mothers. Through online and paper questionnaires, sample data were collected from 221 working mothers in Taiwan.

Structural equation modeling was used to test the experimental hypothesis, and mediation analysis was used to determine whether leisure in green spaces is a mediating factor.

Leisure in green spaces is a mediator of the relationship of negative work and family spillover with positive emotions.

Strolls and park visits were found to provide greater psychological benefits to working mothers, compared with picnics.

Chang, P. J. & Bae, S. Y. (2017). Positive emotional effects of leisure in green spaces in alleviating work-family spillover in working mothers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(7), 757. doi:10.3390/ijerph14070757 (SSCI).

張伯茹 & So Young Bae，2017，The effect of green leisure on the relationship between negative work-family spillover and positive emotions among employed mothers, 2017 年療育農林景觀國際研討會，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所、台灣造園景觀學會，台北。

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