Embedded Files
Normal Physiology
Normal Physiology
The prostate gland received semen from testicles during ejaculation. The gland itself further releases prostate specific antigen (PSA). This helps control the viscosity of the ejaculated liquid. This liquid is later released through the Urethra
The prostate gland consists of a single layer of epithelium. The epithelial cells contain androgen receptors (AR).
Inactive AR is found in the cytoplasm, bound to heat shock proteins. The ligand, testosterone, is translocated into the cell before being broken down by 5-a reductase, into Dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The DHT then binds to the AR, resulting in it dissociating away from the heat shock proteins. The AR-DHT complex then translocates into the nucleus and triggers different pathways that promote cell proliferation.
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology
Following a mutation in the prostate gland, there is an overexpression of the androgen receptor. These epithelial cells now become malignant or cancer cells. With overactivation of the receptor, there is more activation of genes responsible for the cell proliferation of prostate epithelial cells.
Cancer cells can continuously using testerone to further grow and expand the tumour.
Prostate cancer can worsen through the malignant cells expanding out of the gland, and into other organs and tissues.
Pharmacology
Pharmacology
Page updated
Google Sites
Report abuse