1900

Great Milestones of the Century

1903 - Études sur les Transformations de Paris et Autres Écrites sur l’urbanisme, eight volumes, Eugène Hénard. [URB, PPP]

1903 - First Garden City: Letchworth, founded by Ebenezer Howard, and planned by Barry Parker and Raymond Unwin. [URB, PWO, PPP]

1904 - City Development, Patrick Geddes. [URB]

1904 - Expansion Plan for Amsterdam-South, H. P. Berlage. [PPP, PWO]

1904 - Lyon Plan, France. [PPP]

1909 - Chicago Plan, Daniel Burnham and Edward H. Bennet. [PPP]

1909 - Housing and Town Planning Act (the first), Uk. [HOU, URB, LEG]

1913 - Loi sur la protection des monuments historiques, France. [HER, LEG]

1913 – International Garden Cities and Town Planning Association, founded by Ebenezer Howard [TDC, URB]

1914 - Office Publique des Habitations à Bon Marché de la Seine, Henri Sellier, Mayor of Suresnes. This office planned to build fifteen Garden Cities, near Paris, though financial problems meant that only nine Garden Cities were actually built, among them Gennevilliers, Drancy, Stains, Les Lilas (destroyed in the 1970s) and Le Pré-Saint-Gervais. [HOU, URB, TDC]

1915 - Cities in Evolution - An Introduction to the Town Planning Movement and to the Study of Civics, Patrick Geddes. [URB]

1916 - Gartenstadt Falkenberg, Germany, designed by Bruno Taut. [URB, PWO, PPP]

1917 - Une Cité Industrielle, Etude pour la Construction des Villes, Tony Garnier. [URB]

1917 - Tweede Ontwerp Plan Zuid, Second Development Plan South, Amsterdam, Hendrik Petrus Berlage. [URB, PPP]

1919 - Die Stadtkrone, Bruno Taut. [URB]

1919 - Welwyn Garden City, founded by Ebenezer Howard designed by Louis de Soissons. [PWO, PPP]

1919 - Staatliches Bauhaus, founded by Walter Gropius. [TDC]

1920 - Ruhr Plan, first official regional plan in Europe. [PPP]

1921 - Le Logis and Floréal, sideby-side, Belgian Garden City plans, Louis van der Swaelmen. [PWO, PPP]

1922 - The Story of Utopias, Lewis Mumford. [TDC]

1923 - General Plan for Cologne, Fritz Schumaker, in collaboration with Wilhelm Arntz and Fritz Encke. [URB, PPP]

1924 - The City of Tomorrow and its Planning, Le Corbusier. [URB]

1928 - Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne (CIAM), La Sarraz. [URB, TDC]

1929 - Radburn Plan, New York, Clarence Stein and Henry Wright. [URB, PPP]

1931 - Broadacre City, Frank Loyd Wright. [URB, HOU]

1933 - The Charter of Athens, Fourth CIAM Congress. [URB, HOU]

1933 - Town and Country Planning, Patrick Abercrombie, London, Oxford University Press. [URB, SPL, ENV]

1938 - London and Home Countries Green Belt Act, UK. [URB, ENV]

1942 - Can our Cities Survive? J. L. Sert. [URB]

1944 - Greater London plan of 1944, Patrick Abercombie. [PPP, LEG]

1946 - New Towns Act. Decision to construct 15 New Towns. [URB, LEG]

1946 - Encyclopédie de l’Urbanisme, Robert Auzelle, Paris, Mason. [URB]

1947 - Finger Plan for Copenhagen. [PPP, PWO]

1947 - Harlow New Town Master Plan, Frederick Gibbert. [PPP, PWO]

1947 - Paris et le Désert Français, Jean-François Gravier, Paris. [SPL, GRE]

1947 - Town and Country Planning Act. [URB, SPL, LEG]

1949 - National Trust for Historic Preservation, UK. [HER, LEG]

1960 - The Image of the City, Kevin Lynch, Cambridge Mass, MIT press. [URB, SPL]

1961 - Life and Death of Great American Cities, Jane Jacobs, Modern Library, New York. [URB, SPL]

1961 - The City in History, Lewis Mumford, London. [URB, SPL]

1963 - DATAR, Délégation à I’ Aménagement du Territoire et à l’Action Régionale, foundation. [SPL, TDC]

1963 - Traffic in Towns. Report of the Steering and Working Group appointed by the Ministry of Transport, Colin Buchanan. [INF]

1964 - The Venice Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Site. [HER, TDC]

1965 - A City is not a Tree – Christopher Alexander, Architectural Forum, vol.122, nº1. [URB]

1965 - L’Urbanisme, Utopies et Réalités, Françoise Choay, Éditions du Deuil, Paris. [URB]

1969 - Design with Nature, Ian Mcharg, Editor Garden City, New York, Publisher Natural History Press. [URB, SPL, ENV]

1969 - Growth Limits, Meadows Report. [SPL]

1973 - Planning Theory, Andreas Faludi, Oxford, Pergamon Press. [SPL]

1976 - Habitat I, first United Nations Conference on Human Settlements, Vancouver, UN-HABITAT. [HOU, URB, SPL]

1980 - European Campaign for Urban Renaissance, Council of Europe. [HER, TDC]

1980 - Seaside Plan, Duany Plater-Zyberk and Company. [PPP]

1981 - Creation of London Docklands Development Corporation (LDDC), by the Secretary of State for the Environment, Michael Heseltine. [PWO, PPP]

1982 - Planning Theory: Prospects for the 1980s, P. Healey, G. McDougall and M. J. Thomas, Oxford, Pergamon Press. [SPL]

1983 - European Spatial Planning Strategy, EC. [SPL, ESP]

1985 - Cities and the Wealth of Nations, Jane Jacobs, Vintage Books, New York. [URB, SPL]

1987 - Life Between Buildings: Using Public Space, Jan Gehl, New York. [URB, COM]

1987 - Our Common Future (Brundtland Report), Brundtland Commission. [URB, SPL, TDC]

1988 - Cities of Tomorrow, An Intellectual History of Urban Planning and Design in the Twentieth Century, Peter Geoffrey Hall, Basil Blackwell. [URB, SPL]

1988 - Fourth Report on physical planning (VINO), Dutch Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (Ministry of VROM). [SPL, ENV, TDC]

1992 - Natura 2000. [SPL, ENV, TDC]

1992 - AGENDA 21, Earth Summit, Rio de Janeiro, UN. [SPL, ENV, TDC]

1992 - Design with Nature, Ian L. McHarg, John Wiley & Sons. [URB, SPL, ENV]

1992 - UN Rio Earth Summit. [SPL, ENV, TDC]

1992 - Kyoto Protocol. [SPL, ENV, TDC]

1993 - Charter of New Urbanism, III Congress, USA. [URB, SPL, TDC]

1994 - Aalborg Charter, Charter of European Sustainable Cities and Towns Towards Sustainability. [URB, SPL, TDC]

1994 - Hammarby Sjöstad, a new sustainable eco-district, Stockholm. [URB, ENV, PWO]

1995 - Leipzig Principles (ESPD process), BBR, EC. [SPL, TDC]

1996 - Habitat II, the Second United Nations Conference on Human Settlements, Istanbul, UN-HABITAT. [HOU, URB, SPL, TDC]

1996 - The Rise of the Network Society, The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture Vol. I. , Manuel Castells, Oxford, UK: Blackwell, Cambridge, MA. [SPL, SOC, CSI]

1997 - Kyoto Protocol. [SPL, ENV, TDC]

1997 - Making Strategic Plans: Innovations in Spatial Plan Making in Europe, P. Healey, A. Khakee, A. Motte and B. Needham, London University College Press. [SPL, PPP]

1998 - Cities in Civilization: Culture, Technology and Urban Order, Peter Hall, Pantheon Books. [URB, SPL]

1998 - ESPD, the European spatial development perspective: towards the balanced and sustainable development of the European territory, draft, Glasgow, EC. [SPL, ESP]

1999 – Towards an urban renaissance, Final report of the Urban Task Force, chaired by Lord Rogers of Riverside, E & FN Spon, Publisher Routledge. [URB, TDC]