Introduction

In this chapter, we will be given an assertion followed by a reason to support it. We have to judge the truth of both the sentences and have to ensure that whether the reason given truly supports the assertion or not.

Assertion is denoted as “A” in the option in the short form and similarly, reason will be shown as “R” in the answering options. The options will have following variety −

Options −

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false

When both the assertion and reason are true and reason supports the statement given in the assertion correctly, then option A will be our answer. On the other hand if the assertion and reason both are individually true but the reason does not support the statement given in the assertion correctly, then our answer will be option B.

Sometimes the assertion is true and reason is false or vice versa. In this case our option will be C or D respectively. In some cases, the assertion and reason both are false. In that case option E will be our answer.

Samples

Let’s take some sample examples to clear our understanding.

Example-1

Assertion (A): The body structure of the fish is in streamline manner.

Reason (R): It helps the fish to find its way inside the water.

Options −

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Now consider the above example carefully. Here our first step will be to judge the truth of both the sentences. The assertion is correct as fish is living in water, so its body is designed in a streamline manner. Coming to the reason part, this is also correct as the streamline structure of the fish helps it to find its way inside the water.

Now, it is time to judge whether the reason gives a true explanation of the assertion or not. Yes it gives a true explanation of the assertion. Hence we can say that the assertion and reason both are correct and reason is the correct explanation of assertion. Hence our answer option will be A.

UNSOLVED QUIZ..

1)Assertion (A): Certain countries involved in the Nuclear Security Summit are interested in taking a specific security theme a step further.

Reason (R): These countries are being the opportunity to offer a ‘Gift Basket’ an extra initiative.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(c) A is true but R is false.

(d) A is false but R is true.

2)Fourth Nuclear Security Summit (NSS) was held in-

(a) Netherland

(b) Tokyo

(c) Washington D.C.

(d) Melbourne

3)Under the Article 110(1) of the Constitution, a Bill is deemed to be a Bill if it contains only provision dealing with all or any of the following matters:

(i) The imposition, abolition, remission, alteration or regulation of any taxes.

(ii) Regulation of borrowing by the Government.

(iii) Appropriation of moneys out of the consolidated fund of India.

(a) Only (i) is correct

(b) Both (i) and (iii) are correct

(c) Only (ii) is correct

(d) All are correct.

4)What is the objective of Model Act for leasing of farm land?

(i) It will provide flexibility and undo the concern of the landowner, while leasing out land to tenant farmers.

(ii) State could also be free to take-up the Model law for banjar agriculture land.

(iii) State can now choose to draft their own legislations based on this Model.

(a) Only (i) is correct

(b) Both (i) and (iii) are correct

(c) Only (ii) is correct

(d) All are correct.

5)Assertion (A): National Waterways Bill 2015 has been passed unanimously in the Rajya Sabha.

Reason (R): It will Pave the way for the conversion of 106 rivers and creeks across India into transport Waterways.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(c) A is true but R is false.

(d) A is false but R is true.

6)What is the importance of Real Estate Regulatory Authority (RERA)?

(i) Both the buyer and the promoter have to pay penal interest at similar rates.

(ii)This Act requires developers to deposit 70% of the sums received from buyers.

(iii) In case of builder, he will need the approval of two-thirds of the buyers in the project, to make such tweaks.

(a) Only (i) is correct

(b) Both (i) and (iii) are correct

(c) Only (ii) is correct

(d) All are correct.

7)Which of the following Projects are NOT included, in the Budget 2016-17, announced by Finance Minister, to make dairying remunerative for the farmers-

(i) Pashudhan Sanjeevani

(ii) Nakul Swasthya Patra

(iii) e-Pashudhan haat

(iv) National Geromics Centre.

(a) (i) is not correct

(b) (iii) is not correct

(c) Both (ii) and (iv) are not correct

(d) None of these.

8)Which among the following statement(s) is/are correct?

The main provision(s) of the Aadhaar Bill is/are

(i) Aadhaar number will be mandatory for availing of Government subsidies.

(ii) Aadhaar number cannot confer right to or proof of citizenship.

(iii) The Bill provide for the establishment of the Unified Identification Authority of India (UIDAI)

(a) Only (i) is correct

(b) Both (i) and (iii) are correct

(c) Only (ii) is correct

(d) All are correct.

9)Which of the following issues have arisen out of the Aadhaar Bill?

(i) Allowing private agencies to use Aadhaar contradicts statement of objects and Reasons of the Bill.

(ii) Issues with sharing information collected under Aadhaar.

(iii) UID authority’s exclusive power to make complaints

(iv) Potential to profile individuals.

(v) Collection of personal information

(a) (i), (ii) and (v) are correct

(b) (ii), (iv)and (v) are correct

(c) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct

(d) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) are correct

10)Aadhaar (Target Delivery of Financial and other subsidies, Benefits and Services) Bill, 2016 was introduced on-

(a) 5 Jan, 2016

(b) 27 Feb, 2016

(c) 3 Mar, 2016

(d) 8 Mar, 2016

Answers:

(a) USA first implemented a policy of Gift Basket Diplomacy between the 2010 and 2012 summit.

(c) The Fourth Nuclear Security Summit was held in Washington D.C. in March 31-April 1, 2016.

(d) All are correct.

(d) All are correct.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation Of A.

(d) All the statements are correct.

(d) because, the Finance Minister announced four new projects to make dairying remunerative for the farmers.

(d). All the statements are correct.

(d). All the statements are correct.

(c) The Government on March 3, 2016, introduced Aadhaar, in the Lok Sabha.

Q/A

Assertion (A): Transmission of electrical power by dc is economical than that with ac.

Reason (R): In case of dc transmission, there is no charging current which contributes to the continuous load, even on no load.

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

b. Both A and R are true and R is not the explanation of A

c. A is true but R is false

d. A is false but R is true

Q 2 − A: IIT students are very industrious.

R: IIT students got high package salaries.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer - B

Explanation

Here both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

Q 3 − A: Software companies are not interested in taking mechanical students in their company.

R: Mechanical students are generally lazy.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer - C

Explanation

R is false because we can’t say that mechanical students are lazy or not but A is true.

Q 4 − A: India’s rank in FIFA is below 150.

R: Brazilian players are not interested in taking coaching job in India.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer - C

Explanation

Here A is true but R is false.

Q 5 − A: TATA steel has opened another industry in Odisha.

R: Odisha is rich in mine.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer - A

Explanation

Odisha is rich in mine so option A is correct.

Q 6 − A: Virat Kohli has taken captaincy of the test team.

R: There are no eligible players in the Indian team to take test team’s captaincy.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer - C

Explanation

Virat Kohli is the captain of the test side but it does not mean there are no eligible players in the team in fact he is the most eligible player to take the captaincy. Hence option C is the correct answer.

Q 7 − A: India will strike atom bomb on Pakistan if they again violate ceasefire.

R: Pakistan always violates ceasefire in the borders.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer - D

Explanation

R is correct but A is not correct because India always values peace and human life.

Q 8 − A: Indian scientists are not able to discover anything.

R: Indian scientists are very poor.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer - E

Explanation

Both A and R are false because Indian scientists are not poor and they are very innovative.

Q 9 − A: Regular blood pressure check-up can develop your health.

R: Increase in blood pressure can be silent killer for your health.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer - A

Explanation

Blood pressure is a silent killer so regular check-up can be beneficial.

Q 10 − A: Make in India campaign by the current government has become a great success.

There are no such creative programs previously launched by the government.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer - A

Explanation

As there are no such creative programs previously launched so it became a great success. Hence option A is correct.

Q/A

Q 1 - Assertion (A): We feel the atmosphere to be less humid after the heavyrain.

Reason(R): It rains when the atmosphere will not able to hold more moisture.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer : C

Explanation

Assertion is correct but the reason is not correct because when the upper atmosphere cannot hold more water, it rains.

Q 2 - Assertion (A): Through nuclear fusion, we can generate electricity.

Reason(R): As nuclear power becomes uncontrollable, it cannot be used.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer : E

Explanation

Nuclear fission is used to generate electricity and it can be controlled.

Q 3 - Assertion (A): Once upon a time Himalaya used to be drain inside these a.

Reason(R): Marine related fossils have been traced on Himalaya.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer : A

Explanation

Once upon a time Himalaya used to be inside the Tethy sea and trace of fossil soils have been found on the peak of the mountain.

Q 4 - Assertion (A): James Watt had discovered the steam engine.

Reason(R): From the flooded mines, peoples used to face problems while taking out water.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer : A

Explanation

Due to the problem stated in Reason, James Watt invented steam engine.

Q 5 - Assertion (A): If there is a leakage in household gas, it can be detected.

Reason(R): LPG gas have very strong smell.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer : C

Explanation

Ethyl mercaptan has been mixed with LPG that gives strong smell.

Q 6 - Assertion (A): It is mandatory for the Eskimos to stay inside the igloo.

Reason(R): Except snow, one can find no other material over there.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer : C

Explanation

Ice is a bad conductor of heat and so inside of it is warm always.

Q 7 - Assertion (A): Pluto is known as one of the coldest planet.

Reason(R): Sun rays reach to Pluto in slanting manner.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer : C

Explanation

As the planet is situated at the farthest distance from the sun, it is very cold.

Q 8 - Assertion (A): As compared to the outside countries, the milk productionis very less in India.

Reason(R): The animal bearers are not in the good condition.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer : C

Explanation

R is not true and the production is low because of improper breeding.

Q 9 - Assertion (A): Indian Administrative Services is one of the all Indiaservice.

Reason(R): There are only three services which comes under the all India service category.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer : C

Explanation

A is true but R is not.

Q 10 - Assertion (A): Those who have blood group as O are regarded asuniversal recipient.

Reason(R): No antigens are present on the type O type blood.

A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B - Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C - A is true but R is false.

D - A is false but R is true.

E - Both A and R are false.

Answer : D

Explanation

A is not true but however R is true.