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Scope of Occupational Therapy
Scope of Occupational Therapy
Research performed by Koenig and Rudney (2010) indicated that children and adolescents with difficulties processing and integrating sensory information exhibit performance deficits in areas of occupation, including activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), social participation, and school participation. Sensory Processing Disorder may be related to social competence and socialization in children, creating implications for their social and emotional well-being. Additionally, motor coordination deficits or dyspraxia associated with suboptimal sensory development may limit a child’s ability to participate in activities and occupations (Koenig & Rudney, 2010). Interference shows to be highest in occupations such as education, where children display motor aspects of behavior such as fine and gross motor skills, hand grasping and object manipulation, and stabilizing objects (Eynat et al., 2010).
Occupational therapy practitioners focus on performance and environmental issues that impact their client’s ability to participate in meaningful occupations (American Occupational Therapy Association, 2004). Research has suggested OTs may integrate sensory information with children and adolescents who have difficulty processing and integrating sensory information in natural settings (Ayers, 1979). Outdoor play is linked to physical, cognitive, and social-emotional benefits in children and adolescents (Wilkinson et al., 2019). Utilizing time outdoors or nature-based SI methods assists in providing environmentally rich sensory experiences for children. Wilkinson et al. (2019) found OTs value the benefits of working outdoors with children in developing sensory skills. Ayers (1979) defined sensory integration interventions as being based on three concepts: neural plasticity, active participation of children to create neuronal change, and enriched environments to guide neural changes.
Roles of an Occupational Therapist:
Roles of an Occupational Therapist:
Know how students learn best
Advocated for play and movement during the day
Support teachers and parents with strategies that encourage movement and sensory experiences
Provide education on sensory sessions, lectures, and through Q&A
Stay up to date on the most recent evidence-based practice
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