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Every campus is different, so you should contact your local faculty collective bargaining unit to get specific details. For the most part, senority is not by calendar years of service but instead by FTE (full-time equivalent). For example, being rehired as an adjunct is called a "rehire preference" once you're not long probationary. If your probationary period is five quarters of service, then you start advancing in ranks of seniority after that. Some campus have to post their senority rankings in a public list in every division, so you may be even able to see your district's practices.
When applying for a teaching position, there is a systemwide handbook dictating minimum qualifications. For the most part, you need to have a Master's Degree in the field. However, you can also meet minimum standards if you meet the college's equivalency standards. This can be done with years of service in the field, adjacent education, or other measures. Here are some links to help you decide if you should petition for equivalency:
This is tricky! There is no one set standard for this, like there are for CVs, Cover Letters, or even teaching statements. Here's the page that has current resources we've gathered to help you draft an impactful DEI statement: