These colors sit opposite each other on the color wheel, such as blue and orange or red and green. They create high contrast, making each color stand out. Complementary colors work well with bold, graphic patterns that need to pop. 

Analogous colors are next to each other on the color wheel, such as blue, teal, and green. They create a more harmonious, soothing effect. This color scheme is ideal when using patterns that have a flowing, natural design, like florals or organic shapes. 

This approach uses varying shades, tints, and tones of a single color. Monochromatic designs can feel elegant and understated, allowing patterns and textures to play a supporting role while maintaining visual interest through depth and variation in the same color family. 

Choose a dominant color that will serve as the foundation of your design. This could be from your furniture, wall color, or a large patterned element like a rug or drapes. 

Once you have your primary color, select complementary or analogous hues to work with it. These secondary colors will appear in your patterns, textiles, or accent decor. For instance, if your primary color is navy blue, you could add complementary pops of mustard or keep things calm with shades of teal and green. 

Use your color palette to guide the selection of patterns. For a room that features multiple patterns, ensure that they share similar hues, even if the designs vary in scale or complexity. This creates unity without overwhelming the space.