MAE 3 is a UCSD course which has a seven week project in a team with three other people in which we had to design and construct a robot with the goal of reaching, lifting, and dropping several blocks placed around a table. We competed with other teams in our class to make the most efficient robot. Each part was prototyped and iterated on multiple times to create the final robot. I designed and fabricated the four bar linkage primarily as well as conducting mathematical analysis. I also lead the idea generation and prototyping process.
We filtered through many designs and concepts during the beginning of our project. Originally we planned to angle the four bar linkage arm in order to reach the blocks but opted for a slider instead for a more reliable and efficient performance. We iterated all of our mechanisms through both prototyping and Force-Torque-Power-Energy analyses.
The arm consisted of two four bar linkages which lifted simultaneously. This is designed to keep the gripper level as to more efficiently grab blocks. We only had one available motor for the mechanism which did not have enough power output, so we used rubber bands to increase the available power. This design came after a scissor lift mechanism idea that we decided would not be as manufacturable.
The sliding and gripping mechanism was a late addition to the project after deciding that both a drive train and angling mechanism for the arm were not as effective. Underneath there is a geared rack and pinion which slides in and out. To fit into our size constraint, the whole gripper folds backwards and uses a spring to fling forward at the beginning of each match.
The robot's base was a rotating platform which the rest of the robot rested on top of. A motor is mounted in the center of a metal platform and rotates the upper, acrylic platform. There are four supports with Delrin attached to reduce friction. This was the most efficient and exact method of navigating the table as it did not involve any steering or translational motion.
Our final design achieved our goal of very reliably navigating the arena and being able to lift and drop blocks. Opting out of a drive train sped up our performance and resulted in our block grabbing being much more consistent every time. We had a very consistent and fast robot in navigation and lifting.
Here you can see the robot in its fully lifted position, it reached above our goal height of 15 inches and was able to grab the highest placed blocks.
Also visible are the rubber band components of the arm. These were strategically placed to add power to the lifting of the arm and speed up the process.
The main challenge that we faced was that the gripper could not consistently drop the blocks in the same position due to its stationary arm. This would be fixed with a geared connection between each arm to release the block simultaneously.
This is a quick performance test to demonstrate all of the mechanisms on our robot.
This is a CAD animation demonstrating the performance of each mechanism individually.