I. Direct reaction codes

Scattering solvers for nonlocal  potentials (SWANLOP and SIDES)

We introduce two  scattering solvers for nonlocal  potentials. Both are available online with documentation and examples.  The corresponding links and citations are provided in the following.  Comments or claims can be addressed to authors: arellano@dfi.uchile.cl  and guillaume.blanchon@cea.fr . We are pleased to include new potentials upon request. 

SWANLOP: Scattering waves off nonlocal optical potentials in the presence of Coulomb interaction

A scattering solver for nonlocal potentials in coordinate and momentum space.

We introduce the package SWANLOP to calculate scattering waves and corresponding observables for nucleon elastic collisions off spin-zero nuclei. The code is capable of handling local and nonlocal optical potentials superposed to long-range Coulomb interaction. Solutions to the implied Schrödinger integro-differential equation are obtained by solving an integral equation of Lippmann–Schwinger type for the scattering wavefunctions, , providing and exact treatment to the Coulomb force Arellano and Blanchon (2019). The package has been developed to handle potentials either in momentum or coordinate representations, providing flexible options under each of them. The code is fully self-contained, being dimensioned to handle any target for nucleon beam energies of up to 1.1 GeV. Accuracy and benchmark applications are presented and discussed.

CPC Library link to program files:  https://doi.org/10.17632/89gw9jdfv4.1

Language: Fortran 90

Potentials:

• Local potential read from file

•  Perey–Buck nonlocal model   

• Tian-Pang-Ma parametrization in PB-type model   Y. Tian, D.-Y. Pang, Z.-Y. Ma, Internat. J. Modern Phys. E 24 (01) (2015) 1550006

• Coordinate-space nonlocal potential read from file

• Momentum-space potential read from file

Citations:

• Exact scattering waves off nonlocal potentials under Coulomb interaction within Schrödinger’s integro-differential equation, 

H. F. Arellano and G. Blanchon, Physics Letters B, 789 :256 – 261, 2019.

• SWANLOP : Scattering waves off nonlocal optical potentials in the presence of Coulomb interaction, 

H. F. Arellano and G. Blanchon, Comp. Phys. Comm., 259 :107543, 2021.

SIDES: Schrödinger Integro-Differential Equation Solver

A scattering solver for nonlocal potentials in coordinate space.

We introduce the package SIDES (Schrödinger Integro-Differential Equation Solver) that solves the integro-differential Schrödinger equation for elastic scattering of a nonlocal optical potential in coordinate space. The code is capable of treating the Coulomb interaction without restrictions. The method is based on previous developments by Jacques Raynal in the DWBA07 code. Elastic scattering observables such as differential and integral cross sections, as well as analyzing power and spin rotation functions for both neutron and proton projectiles are evaluated, with no restriction on the type of nonlocality of the potential nor on the beam energy. The corresponding distorted wavefunctions are calculated as well. The SIDES package includes a Perey–Buck potential generator with two parametrizations. It includes as well local potential parametrizations and allows for mixing local and nonlocal contributions. Benchmarks are performed and discussed.

CPC Library link to program files:  http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/cmpjgyrngr.1

Language: Fortran 90

Potentials:

• Köning-Delaroche global local potential 

A.J. Koning, J.P. Delaroche, Nuclear Phys. A713 (3–4) (2003) 231–310.

• Morillon-Romain global dispersive local potential

B. Morillon, P. Romain, Phys. Rev. C 76 (4) (2007) 044601.

• Custom local potential with parameters set by the user

• Possibility to add a local uniformly charged sphere Coulomb potential

• Tian, Pang and Ma nonlocal potential potential    

Y. Tian, D.-Y. Pang, Z.-Y. Ma, Internat. J. Modern Phys. E 24 (01) (2015) 1550006.

• Perey-Buck nonlocal potential (valid only for incident neutron)    

 F. Perey, B. Buck, Nuclear Phys. 32 (1962) 353–380.

• Custom Perey-Buck-like potential with parameters set by the user

• Mix of local and nonlocal potentials

• Potential read from file

Citations:

• SIDES : Nucleon-nucleus elastic scattering code for nonlocal potential  

G. Blanchon, M. Dupuis, H. F. Arellano, R. N. Bernard, B. Morillon, Comp. Phys. Comm. 254 :107340, 2020.

• Diving into Raynal’s DWBA code 

G. Blanchon, M. Dupuis, H. F. Arellano, R. N. Bernard, B. Morillon, P. Romain, The European Physical Journal A, 57(1) :13, Jan 2021.

Transfer (d,N) and (N,d) solvers with local and non-local potentials (NLAT)

NLAT: NonLocal Adiabatic Transfer

NLAT is suite of codes to calculate the transfer cross section for single-nucleon transfer reactions, (d,N) or (N,d), including nonlocal nucleon-target interactions, within the finite-range adiabatic distorted wave approximation (ADWA) and distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA). It relies on an iterative method for solving the second order nonlocal differential equation, for both scattering and bound states. The final observables that can be obtained with NLAT are  differential angular distributions for the cross sections of A(d,N)B or B(N,d)A.  This code is suitable for deuteron induced reactions in the range of Ed = 10 − 70 MeV, and provides cross sections with 4% accuracy.  NLAT can also output the nucleon-target bound-state,  incoming and outgoing scattering wave function. 

To obtain the solution of the nonlocal equations, the iteration scheme starts with an initial wavefunction obtained from a local potential (that needs to be provided in input). The convergence of this scheme is strongly influenced by the quality of this initial guess. In particular using a local equivalent potential, i.e. reproducing the same scattering phase shifts as the non-local potential, convergence requires less than 10 iterations in most cases. This local equivalent potential can be obtained for example with SFRESCO.

CPC Library link to program files:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2016.06.022

Language: Fortran 90

Potentials:

• The finite-range ADWA is implemented for a particular n-p interaction

• Perey–Buck nonlocal model   

• Woods-Saxon local potential

• Predefined d-A, N-A potentials are programmed 

Citations:

• L.J. Titus, A. Ross, F.M. Nunes, Transfer reaction code with nonlocal interactions,  Comp. Phys. Comm., 207:499 (2016)

Optical model solver (OPTMAN)

This a phenomenological optical model solver developed by Dr. Efrem S. Soukhovitskii  (JINR, Minsk, Belorussia) and collaborators; the code allows using soft-rotator nuclear structure model for coupled channel calculations. In its current version is applicable both to “soft” nuclei (e.g., the iron group) and to well deformed nuclei (e.g., actinides). It is an alternative optical model solver employed in the EMPIRE statistical model code.

The code can be retrieved from the RIPL webpage: https://www-nds.iaea.org/RIPL/codes/OPTMAN/ .

Language: Fortran

Citations:

• E.Sh. Soukhovitski, S. Chiba, O. Iwamoto, K. Shibata, T. Fukahori. and G.B. Morogovskij, Programs OPTMAN and SHEMMAN Version 8, report JAERI Data/Code 2005-002 (JAERI, Japan, 2005).

• E.Sh. Soukhovitski, S. Chiba, O. Iwamoto, K. Shibata, T. Fukahori. and G.B. Morogovskij, Physics and Numerical Methods of OPTMAN: A Coupled-channels Method Based on Soft-rotator Model for a Description of Collective Nuclear Structure and Excitation, report JAERI-Data/Code 2004-002 (JAERI, Japan, 2004). 

• E.Sh. Soukhovitskii, S. Chiba, R. Capote, J.M. Quesada, S. Kunieda and G.B. Morogovskij,  Supplement to OPTMAN Code, Manual Version 10 (2008) , report JAERI-Data/Code 2008-025 (JAERI, Japan, 2008).

Just In Time R-matrix (JITR)

A fast calculable R-matrix solver for parametric reaction models, production ready for calibration and uncertainty-quantification. 

Link to program files : https://github.com/beykyle/jitr

Language: Python

Citations:

• K. Beyer, JITR, https://github.com/beykyle/jitr

Coupled reaction channels in nuclear physics (FRESCO)

FRESCO is a general-purpose reaction code, created and frequently updated by Ian Thompson. The code calculates virtually any nuclear reaction which can be expressed in a coupled-channel form. There is a public version of the code which can be downloaded from the website www.fresco.org.uk, with current versions on github. FRESCO is accompanied by SFRESCO, a wrapper code that calls FRESCO for data fitting, SUMBINS and SUMXEN, two auxiliary codes for integrated cross sections. Although we do not include it here, in the same site you can also find XFRESCO the front-end program to FRESCO for X-window displays.

FRESCO can compute observables, wave functions, scattering matrices, etc

• for two-body scattering: angular distribution, integrated cross sections, etc

• for three-body collisions: various cross sections for breakup and transfer. Breakup reactions can be described within the Continuum Discretized Coupled Channel method (CDCC) or the distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA); transfer reactions  are described within coupled reaction channels or  the DWBA.

SFRESCO  is an additional version of Fresco, to provide Chi-squared searches of potential and coupling parameters, and R-matrix terms.

*Note: emulation and Bayesian model calibration software for the FRESCO code, called BFRESCOX, has been developed by the BAND collaboration (see section Bayesian Analysis of Nuclear Dynamics (BAND)  software)

Link to program files and description of input: http://www.fresco.org.uk  Original Fresco at  https://github.com/I-Thompson/fresco, with more recent LLNL version Frescox at https://github.com/LLNL/Frescox.

Language:  Mostly Fortran 90, but with some original Fortran 77.

Citations:

• I. J. Thompson, Coupled reaction channels calculations in nuclear physics, Comp. Phys. Rep., Volume 7, Issue 4, (1988).

CNOK: A C++ Glauber model code for single-nucleon knockout reactions

A C++ program package was developed to calculate parallel momentum distributions (including the stripping mechanism and the diffractive dissociation mechanism) of the heavy residue (core) in single-nucleon knockout reactions induced by intermediate-energy (around and more than tens of MeV per nucleon) beams of stable and radioactive atomic nuclei. The program implements the Glauber reaction model that is based on the eikonal approximation and the sudden approximation when dealing with the scattering process, and uses a t-ρ-ρ method to build the projectile-target scattering optical potential, where the nucleonic densities of the core and the target are needed as input. The radial wavefunction of the valence nucleon is solved by a built-in bound-wave solver driven by a globally convergent search engine for optimized potential parameters of the valence nucleon to reproduce user-specified separation energies and root-mean-square (rms) radii of the valence nucleon. The YAML file format is adopted to facilitate user input. The program is expected to especially serve the interpretation of data analysis results of single-nucleon knockout from radioactive ion beams (RIBs), where the experimental practitioners may be more conversant with C++.

Link to program files and manual:

CPC Library link to program files: https://doi.org/10.17632/dmffpbjhsh.1

Developer's repository link: https://gitee.com/asiarabbit/cnok

Language: C++

Citations:

Y. Z. Sun and S. T. Wang "CNOK: A C++ Glauber model code for single-nucleon knockout reactions", Comp. Phys. Comm. 288, 108726 (2023).

pikoe: A computer program for distorted-wave impulse approximation calculation for proton induced nucleon knockout reactions

pikoe, Proton-Induced KnockOut reaction calculation for Exclusive processes, is a Fortran 90 program that calculates triple- and quadruple-differential cross sections, vector analyzing powers, and momentum distributions of reaction residues, for proton-induced nucleon knockout reactions in normal and inverse kinematics. The distorted-wave impulse approximationwith the factorization approximation to the nucleon-nucleon transition matrix is adopted, and the distorted waves of the incoming proton and the outgoing two nucleons are calculated quantum mechanically. Kinematics of the reaction particles are treated in a relativistic manner, which gives the proper asymptotics of the three-body scattering wave in the plane-wave limit.

Link to program files and manual:

CPC Library link to program files: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010465523004034 

Language: Fortran 90

Citations:

K. Ogata, K. Yoshida and Y. Chazono, "pikoe: A computer program for distorted-wave impulse approximation calculation for proton induced nucleon knockout reactions", Comp. Phys. Comm. 297, 109058 (2024).

II. Compound nucleus reaction codes

Optical model solvers (ECIS)

This is one of most validated phenomenological optical model solvers developed by Dr. Jacques Raynal (CEA, Saclay, France) since 1966. It is the optical model solver employed in both TALYS and EMPIRE statistical model codes.

The code can be retrieved from the RIPL webpage: Index of /RIPL/codes/ECIS (iaea.org).

The code is also available from the OECD NEA data bank.

Language: Fortran

Citations:

J. Raynal, “Optical-model and coupled-channel calculations in nuclear physics (IAEA-SMR-9/8),” in “Computing as a Language of Physics”, report STI/PUB/306, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria, 1972, pp. 281–322. Lectures presented at an International Seminar Course, Trieste,  organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) (Trieste, Italy)

TALYS: Hauser-Feshbach code

This code is one of the most popular, easiest to use, and likely most tested Hauser-Feshbach code available.  As per the package description: "TALYS is a software for the simulation of nuclear reactions.  Many state-of-the-art nuclear models are included to cover all main reaction mechanisms encountered in light particle-induced nuclear reactions. TALYS provides a complete description of all reaction channels and observables. It is a versatile tool to analyze basic microscopic experiments and to generate nuclear data for applications."

TALYS allows the solution of nuclear reactions within the 1keV-200MeV energy range and mass number range 12<A<339 through multiple different methods and inputs:

• Optical Models: Phenomenological (either local or global), Spherical Optical Model, Distorted Wave Born Approximation, Rotational Coupled Channels, Vibrational Coupled Channels, Giant Resonances, etc.

• Level densities: several phenomenological and microscopic models

• Fission: transmission coefficients based on Hill-Wheeler or WKB method, fission yields

• Preequilibrium: Exciton model - 2-component, surface effects, cluster emission, gamma-ray emission

• Compound: Hauser-Feshbach, fisson competition - isotopic yields, gamma-ray emission

The resulting observables from this package include:

• Total and partial cross sections, Energy spectra, Angular distributions, double-differential spectra and recoils

Link to program files and manual: https://tendl.web.psi.ch/tendl_2021/talys.html 

Language:  Only Fortran 95

Citations:

• A.J. Koning and D. Rochman, Modern nuclear data evaluation with the TALYS code system, Nucl. Data Sheets 113, 2841 (2012)

• A.J. Koning, S. Hilaire, and S. Goriely, “Global and local level density models,” Nuclear Physics A 810 (2008) 13-76.

YAHFC (Yet Another Hauser-Feshbach Code)

YAHFC is a Monte Carlo code for performing Hauser-Feshbach calculations, created by Erich Ormand and hosted at LLNL. Per the project documentation, it includes modeling of "reactions with incident particles including gammas, protons, neutrons, deuterons, tritons, helium-3, and alphas. The code can model nuclear reactions or initial populations specified by the user. The decays principally follow the compound-nucleus hypothesis and the statistical decay of Hauser and Feshbach [Phys. Rev. 87, 366 (1952)]. Data libraries are produced that can be translated into GNDS (generalized Nuclear Data Structure). In addition, YAHFC can be used as an event generator, with individual decays written to disk for off-line analysis. Both serial and MPI versions are provided." Because calculations are performed on with an event-by-event (Monte Carlo) approach, correlations between individual decay products (e.g., gamma-gamma correlations) can be analyzed. To calculate transmission coefficients needed as input to the Hauser-Feshbach framework, YAHFC invokes FRESCO (or the user can supply pre-calculated transmission coefficients). YAHFC is capable of performing fission calculations using either default or user-supplied fission barriers.

The released version of YAHFC implements the Koning-Delaroche, Soukhovitskii, Maslov, and Soukhovitskii and Capote OMPs (for incident protons and neutrons), the Perey OMPs (for deuterons and tritons), and the Becchetti and Avrigeanu OMPs (for He-3 and alphas, respectively). Currently under development is extension to include the CHUQ and KDUQ OMPs that equip the Koning-Delaroche and Chapel-Hill '89 OMPs for protons and neutrons with uncertainty quantification.

Link to program files: https://github.com/LLNL/Yet-Another-Hauser-Feshbach-Code

Language: Mostly FORTRAN 90

EMPIRE: statistical model code (Hauser-Feshbach and preequilibrium models) and nuclear data evaluation system 

This is another broadly used and tested statistical model code (Hauser-Feshbach + preequilibrium models) and nuclear data evaluation system. The code has been extensively used to produce nuclear data evaluation for the ENDF/B nuclear data libraries. The code is distributed online and publicly available. 

As per the package description: "EMPIRE is a modular system of nuclear reaction codes, comprising various nuclear models, and designed for calculations over a broad range of energies and incident particles. A projectile can be a neutron, proton, any ion (including heavy-ions) or a photon. The energy range extends from the beginning of the unresolved resonance region for neutron-induced reactions (~keV) and goes up to several hundred MeV for heavy-ion induced reactions. The code accounts for the major nuclear reaction mechanisms, including direct, pre-equilibrium and compound nucleus ones. Direct reactions are described by a generalized optical model (ECIS03) or by the simplified coupled-channels approach (CCFUS). The pre-equilibrium mechanism can be treated by a deformation dependent multi-step direct (ORION + TRISTAN) model, by a NVWY multi-step compound one or by either a pre-equilibrium exciton model with cluster emission (PCROSS) or by another with full angular momentum coupling (DEGAS). Finally, the compound nucleus decay is described by the full featured Hauser-Feshbach model with γ-cascade and width fluctuations. Advanced treatment of the fission channel takes into account transmission through a multiple-humped fission barrier with absorption in the wells. The fission probability is derived in the WKB approximation within the optical model of fission. 

Empire uses optical models as defined by the RIPL library (see https://nds.iaea.org/RIPL) 

Link to program files and manual: EMPIRE 3.2, nuclear reaction code (iaea.org)  

Language: Fortran

Citations:

M. Herman, R. Capote, B.V. Carlson, P. Oblozinsky, M. Sin, A. Trkov, H. Wienke, and V. Zerkin “EMPIRE: Nuclear Reaction Model Code System for Data Evaluation,” Nuclear Data Sheets 108 (2007) 2655–2715

III. Other pages hosting reaction codes

Page hosted by Alex Brown

https://people.nscl.msu.edu/~brown/reaction-codes/ 

Theo4Exp: user-friendly platform to perform nuclear reaction, mean field and structure calculations

About Theo4Exp (text taken from the website  https://institucional.us.es/theo4exp)

Theo4Exp virtual infrastructure will provide theoretical tools for the EURO-LABS project as well as on the wider nuclear physics community. It is designed as an open access platform, where key computer codes, as well as results of calculations, will be made accessible to the community.

Theo4Exp includes three installations: 

1. MeanField4Exp hosted at IFJ PAN Krakow.

2. Reaction4Exp hosted at University of Seville. 

3. Structure4Exp hosted at University of Milano. 

Scientific papers and publications produced by the use of Theo4Exp shall be available in open access and shall acknowledge EURO-LABS as:

This work has made use of the Virtual Access facility Theo4Exp funded by the European Union's Horizon Europe Research and Innovation programme under Grant Agreement No 101057511.

Website: https://institucional.us.es/theo4exp

Note: the user has to first register.