Primary Research
Coverage Path Planning in 3D
We propose to use the navigation strategy that a human diver will execute when circumnavigating around a region of interest, in particular when collecting data from a shipwreck. In contrast to the previous methods in the literature, we are aiming to perform coverage in completely unknown environment with some initial prior information. Our proposed method uses convolutional neural networks to learn the control commands based on the visual input. Preliminary results and a detailed overview of the proposed method are discussed.
Reference:
Nare Karapetyan, James Johnson, and Ioannis Rekleitis, Human Diver Inspired Visual Navigation for Coverage Path Planning of Shipwrecks, Marine Technology Society Journal, "Best of OCEANS 2020" July/August issue 2021
Nare Karapetyan, James Johnson, and Ioannis Rekleitis, Coverage Path Planning for Mapping of Underwater Structures with an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle, In MTS/IEEE OCEANS Singapore, 2020 (Student Poster Competition)
Riverine Coverage With an Autonomous
This work leverages human expertise in river exploration and data collection strategies to automate and optimize these processes using autonomous surface vehicles (ASVs). In particular, three deterministic algorithms for both partial and complete coverage of a river segment are proposed, providing varying path length, coverage density, and turning patterns. Deployments on several segments of Congaree River in South Carolina, USA, resulted in total of more than 35km of coverage trajectories in the field.
Reference:
Nare Karapetyan, Adam Braude, Jason Moulton, Joshua A. Burstein, Scott White, Jason M. O'Kane, and Ioannis Rekleitis, Riverine Coverage with an Autonomous Surface Vehicle over Known Environments, IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), Macau, China, 2019
Meander Based River Coverage by an Autonomous Surface Vehicles
This work is aimed to optimize scientific surveying operations performed by autonomous surface vehicles operating on the rivers. In this work we are tackling the problem of how to combine implicit river speed information that river meanders encode to perform faster coverage. When taking into account meanders the coverage time has been decreased in average by more than 20%. The deployments of the ASVs were performed on the Congaree River, SC, USA, and resulted in more than 27 km of total coverage trajectories.
Reference:
Nare Karapetyan, Jason Moulton and Ioannis Rekleitis, Meander Based River Coverage by an Autonomous Surface Vehicle, Field and Service Robotics: Recent Advances in Research and Applications (FSR). Springer, Tokyo, Japan, 2019
Multi-robot Dubins Coverage with Autonomous Surface Vehicles
This paper focuses on environmental monitoring of aquatic environments using multiple Autonomous Surface Vehicles (ASVs) with Dubin's constraint. We present two heuristics methods based on a variant of the traveling salesman problem—k-TSP—formulation and clustering algorithms that efficiently solve the problem. The proposed methods are tested both in simulations to assess their scalability and with a team of ASVs operating on a 200 km2 lake to ensure their applicability in real world.
Reference:
Nare Karapetyan, Jason Moulton, Jeremy Lewis, Alberto Quattrini Li, Jason O'Kane, Ioannis Rekleitis, Multi-robot Dubins Coverage with Autonomous Surface Vehicles, In IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), Brisbane, Australia, 2018
Efficient Multi-Robot Coverage of a Known Environment
Complete area coverage is the problem of moving an end-effector over all available space while avoiding existing obstacles. In such tasks, using multiple robots can increase the efficiency of the area coverage in terms of minimizing the operational time and increase the robustness in the face of robot attrition. As a result of this research we proposed two approximation heuristics that provide good coverage distribution between robots and minimize the workload per robot, meanwhile ensuring complete coverage of the area.
Reference:
Nare Karapetyan, Kelly Benson, Chris McKinney, Perouz Taslakian, Ioannis Rekleitis, Efficient Multi-Robot Coverage of a Known Environment, IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), Vancouver, Canada, 2017
Other Projects
Motion Planning in Underwater Environment
In order to perform efficient coverage important aspect to consider is how robot will move from specified waypoint A to waypoint B. And to tackle that problem we adapted a trajopt controller designed for manipulators to underwater domain for navigating around complex structures such a shipwrecks and unstructured obstacle dense areas. For reliable navigation, accurate state estimation is necessary. In the underwater domain, visual features that enable effective state estimation can be sparse or even absent in parts of the environment. Thus, motion plans for AUVs should account for the need to keep those features visible throughout their execution. The AquaVis method produces motions enabling AUVs to efficiently reach their goals while avoiding obstacles safely and maximizing the visibility of multiple objectives along the path within a specified proximity.
Reference:
Marios Xanthidis, Michail Kalaitzakis, Nare Karapetyan, Alex Johnson, Nikolaos Vitzilaios, Jason M. O’Kane, and Ioannis Rekleitis; AquaVis: A Perception-Aware Autonomous Navigation Framework for Underwater Vehicles, IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), Prague, Czech Republic, 2021
Marios Xanthidis, Nare Karapetyan, Hunter Damron, Sharmin Rahman, James Johnson, Allison O'Connell, Jason O'Kane, Ioannis Rekleitis. Navigation in the Presence of Obstacles for an Agile Autonomous Underwater Vehicle. In IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 2020.
Control of Autonomous Surface Vehicles and Modeling External forces
Environmental monitoring of marine environments presents several challenges: the harshness of the environment, the often remote location, and most importantly, the vast area it covers. In order to efficiently explore and monitor currently known marine environments as well as reach and explore remote areas of interest, we worked on a design of an autonomous surface vehicle (ASV) with the power to cover large areas. Within this project we have designed a completely autonomous SV. Tackled the problem of how environmental forces such as speed of water current and wind affect the control of ASV, and build a model of those external forces based on which a feed-forward controller has been designed.
References:
Jason Moulton, Nare Karapetyan, Michail Kalaitzakis, Alberto Quattrini Li, Nikolaos Vitzilaios, Ioannis Rekleitis, Effects Modeling – Dynamic Autonomous Surface Vehicle Controls Under Changing Environmental Forces, Field and Service Robotics: Recent Advances in Research and Applications (FSR). Springer, Tokyo, Japan, 2019
Jason Moulton, Nare Karapetyan, Alberto Quattrini Li, Ioannis Rekleitis, External Force Field Modeling for Autonomous Surface Vehicles, In International Symposium of Experimental Robotics (ISER), Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2018
Jason Moulton, Nare Karapetyan, Sharon Bukhsbaum, Chris McKinney, Sharaf Malebary, George Sophocleous, Alberto Quattrini Li, Ioannis Rekleitis. An Autonomous Surface Vehicle for Long Term Operations. In MTS/IEEE OCEANS - Charleston, 2018.
Underwater State Estimation and Sensors
References:
Bharat Joshi, Sharmin Rahman, Michail Kalaitzakis, Brennan Cain, James Johnson, Marios Xanthidis, Nare Karapetyan, Alan Hernandez, Alberto Quattrini Li, Nikolaos Vitzilaios, Ioannis Rekleitis, Experimental Comparison of Open Source Visual-Inertial-Based State Estimation Algorithms in the Underwater Domain, IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), Macau, China, 2019
Sharmin Rahman, Nare Karapetyan, Alberto Quattrini Li, and Ioannis Rekleitis, A Modular Sensor Suite for Underwater Reconstruction, In MTS/IEEE OCEANS Charleston, SC, USA, 2018