Dance History

Angolan history is a complex narrative shaped by centuries of diverse influences, from indigenous cultures to colonial rule, and ultimately, the pursuit of independence. This historical backdrop plays a crucial role in understanding the birth of Semba, a musical and dance genre that emerged as a cultural expression deeply rooted in the Angolan experience.

Colonial Influences

• Angola was a Portuguese colony for several centuries, and the impact of Portuguese rule left indelible marks on the country's culture. This influence can be observed in various aspects of Angolan life, including language, religion, and music.

Cultural Fusion

• The cultural landscape of Angola is incredibly diverse, with numerous ethnic groups each contributing their traditions and music. The fusion of indigenous Angolan rhythms with Portuguese musical elements and other African influences laid the foundation for the development of new musical genres, including Semba.

Struggle for Independence

• The mid-20th century marked a period of intense struggle for independence from Portuguese colonial rule. This era was characterized by social and political upheavals, and the arts, including music and dance, became powerful mediums for expressing resistance, identity, and aspirations for freedom.

Birth of Semba

• Semba, with its origins in the 1950s and 1960s, evolved as a response to the changing socio-political landscape. It emerged as a genre that captured the spirit of the Angolan people, offering a means of expression for their joys, sorrows, and social commentary.

Semba Characteristics

• Semba is characterized by its lively, upbeat rhythms and energetic dance movements. It often incorporates storytelling through lyrics, addressing themes of love, everyday life, and the challenges faced by the Angolan people.

Post-Independence Impact

• After gaining independence in 1975, Angola continued to face challenges related to civil conflict. Semba, as an art form, persisted as a source of cultural resilience and unity, even during tumultuous times.

In essence, the birth of Semba is intertwined with the historical journey of Angola, reflecting the resilience, diversity, and creative spirit of its people. Understanding the historical context enhances the appreciation of Semba as more than just a dance and music genre but as a cultural phenomenon deeply rooted in the collective consciousness of the Angolan people.

Semba is a traditional music and dance style that originated in Angola, particularly in the capital city of Luanda. The history of Semba is deeply rooted in the cultural and social fabric of the Angolan people. Here's a brief overview of its history:

African Roots:

• Semba has its roots in traditional Angolan music and dance forms that were practiced by the Bantu people, who are the largest ethnic group in Angola. These traditional dances were a means of social expression, storytelling, and community bonding.

Colonial Influence:

• During the colonial period, especially in the 19th and early 20th centuries, Angola was influenced by Portuguese colonial rule. This period saw the blending of African and European musical elements, giving rise to new and hybridized music genres, including the early forms of Semba.

Development of Semba:

• Semba as a distinct genre started to take shape in the mid-20th century. It evolved as a fusion of traditional Angolan rhythms, African percussion, and European musical influences. It gained popularity in urban areas, particularly in Luanda, where it became associated with social gatherings and celebrations.

Lyrics and Themes:

• Semba songs typically feature poetic and often socially conscious lyrics. They address a wide range of topics, including love, daily life, social issues, and political commentary. The lyrics are often delivered in Kimbundu, Umbundu, or other Angolan languages.

Dance:

• The dance associated with Semba is lively and characterized by rhythmic footwork, hip movements, and partner interactions. Semba dance has influenced and contributed to the development of other dance styles, including Kizomba.

Musical Instruments:

• Traditional instruments used in Semba include the marimba, drums, and various percussion instruments. Over time, modern instruments like guitars, brass instruments, and keyboards have been incorporated into Semba music.

Global Influence:

• In recent decades, Semba has gained international recognition and has influenced other dance styles, particularly Kizomba. It has become an important part of the cultural identity of Angola, and its influence can be seen in various music and dance genres worldwide.

Semba continues to evolve, adapting to contemporary music trends while preserving its cultural authenticity. It remains an integral part of Angolan cultural heritage and a source of pride for the people of Angola.

Kizomba is a popular partner dance and music genre that originated in Angola, primarily in the 1980s. The history of Kizomba involves a blend of traditional African rhythms, influences from Angolan folk music, and the impact of various international music styles. Here's an overview of the history of Kizomba:

Roots in Semba:

• Kizomba has its roots in Semba, a traditional music and dance style from Angola. Semba's lively and rhythmic dance movements heavily influenced the development of Kizomba. The term "Kizomba" itself comes from the Kimbundu language, meaning "party" or "celebration."

Evolution in the 1980s:

• The distinct style of Kizomba began to take shape in the early to mid-1980s, particularly in the urban music scene of Angola's capital city, Luanda. It emerged as a slower, more romantic and sensual dance compared to the upbeat and energetic Semba.

Musical Influences:

• Kizomba music is characterized by a fusion of traditional Angolan rhythms, Caribbean zouk, and other international music styles such as French Antillean compas and Cape Verdean coladeira. The use of electronic instruments and synthesizers became more prevalent in the production of Kizomba music.

Spread Beyond Angola:

• Kizomba's popularity quickly spread beyond Angola, especially to other Portuguese-speaking countries. Cape Verde, Mozambique, and Guinea-Bissau embraced the dance, contributing to its international dissemination.

Globalization in the 1990s:

• In the 1990s, Kizomba gained popularity in Europe, particularly in Portugal and France, due to the influence of Angolan immigrants. It gradually became a global phenomenon, with dance communities forming in various countries.

Kizomba Dance Style:

• Kizomba dance is characterized by a close connection between partners, smooth and flowing movements, and a focus on connection and communication. The dance often includes sensual hip movements and intricate footwork. Over time, different styles of Kizomba, such as Urban Kiz and Traditional Kizomba, have emerged.

International Dance Festivals:

• Kizomba gained further exposure through international dance festivals, workshops, and social events. These gatherings provided a platform for enthusiasts and professionals to share their passion, exchange ideas, and contribute to the evolution of the dance style.

Continued Evolution:

• Kizomba continues to evolve, incorporating elements from various music genres and dance styles. The dance community remains dynamic, with ongoing innovation in choreography, music production, and dance techniques.

Today, Kizomba is a well-established dance and music genre with a global following. It has inspired the creation of related styles such as Tarraxinha and Urban Kiz, contributing to the diversity of partner dances worldwide.

Urban Kiz is a contemporary style of partner dance that evolved from traditional Kizomba. It incorporates elements of various urban dance styles, including hip-hop and R&B, into the sensual and close-connected movements of Kizomba. The history of Urban Kiz is relatively recent, emerging in the 2000s. Here's an overview of its development:

Emergence in France:

• Urban Kiz originated in the urban dance scene of France in the mid-2000s. Influenced by Kizomba and its partner dance style, dancers began infusing the dance with movements inspired by hip-hop and other urban dance genres.

Incorporation of Urban Dance Elements:

• Urban Kiz dancers started incorporating elements such as isolations, body waves, and footwork variations that were more characteristic of urban dance styles. This fusion brought a fresh and dynamic energy to the traditional Kizomba dance.

Musical Evolution:

• Alongside the dance evolution, the music associated with Urban Kiz also started to change. While maintaining the essential Kizomba rhythm, Urban Kiz music began incorporating urban and contemporary influences, with faster tempos and electronic elements.

Global Spread:

• Urban Kiz quickly gained popularity beyond France, spreading to other European countries, the United States, and various parts of the world. The global dance community embraced the style, leading to the establishment of Urban Kiz festivals, workshops, and social events.

Innovation and Fusion:

• Urban Kiz dancers and instructors continued to innovate, combining elements from other dance styles such as tango, salsa, and zouk. This constant evolution contributed to the development of diverse Urban Kiz substyles.

Music Production:

• Urban Kiz not only influenced the way Kizomba was danced but also had an impact on the production of Kizomba music. The music began to incorporate more contemporary sounds, making it more accessible to a wider audience.

Technique and Style:

• Urban Kiz introduced new techniques and styling to Kizomba, with an emphasis on body movement, isolations, and connection. The dance often features intricate footwork and more elaborate partner patterns.

Recognition in the Dance Community:

• Urban Kiz gained recognition as a distinct dance style within the larger partner dance community. Its unique fusion of traditional and modern dance elements attracted dancers from various backgrounds.

Online Presence:

• Social media and online platforms played a significant role in the global dissemination of Urban Kiz. Dancers and instructors shared videos, tutorials, and performances, contributing to its rapid growth and popularity.

Urban Kiz continues to evolve, with ongoing contributions from dancers, choreographers, and musicians. Its dynamic and versatile nature has made it a prominent style in the partner dance community, offering a fusion of tradition and modernity.

Tarraxinha is a dance style that originated within the Kizomba dance genre and has become a distinct and popular dance form on its own. It is characterized by its slow, sensuous movements and close partner connection, making it an intimate and expressive dance. The history of Tarraxinha is closely linked to the evolution of Kizomba, and it gained prominence in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Here's an overview of its development:

Origins in Kizomba:

• Tarraxinha emerged as a substyle within the broader framework of Kizomba, a partner dance originating from Angola. Kizomba, known for its smooth and close partner connection, laid the foundation for the development of Tarraxinha.

Slow and Sensual Evolution:

• Tarraxinha began to evolve in the late 20th century, influenced by the desire to create a more intimate and slow-paced dance within the Kizomba framework. Dancers sought to express deep emotions and sensuality through their movements.

Distinctive Dance Style:

• Tarraxinha is characterized by a slower tempo compared to traditional Kizomba, and it involves subtle and controlled movements of the hips and body. The dance often features intricate footwork and requires a high level of connection and communication between partners.

Influence of Music:

• Tarraxinha music, like the dance, is slow and sensuous. It typically features a slower tempo and is characterized by romantic and often explicit lyrics. The music complements the dance style, setting the mood for the intimate and close connection between dance partners.

Popularization in the 21st Century:

• Tarraxinha gained popularity in the 21st century, particularly within the global Kizomba and Urban Kiz dance communities. Its unique style and emphasis on sensuality attracted dancers looking for a more intimate and expressive experience on the dance floor.

International Recognition:

• Tarraxinha's popularity spread beyond its Angolan origins and gained recognition on the international dance scene. Dancers and instructors around the world began incorporating Tarraxinha into their repertoire, leading to workshops, festivals, and events dedicated to this specific dance style.

Online Presence:

• Social media platforms and online dance communities played a crucial role in the dissemination of Tarraxinha. Dancers shared videos, tutorials, and performances, contributing to the global awareness and appreciation of the dance.

Influence on Partner Dance Styles:

• Tarraxinha's influence extends beyond Kizomba, impacting other partner dance styles. Elements of Tarraxinha can be found in the choreography and styling of dancers in various urban and contemporary partner dances.

Today, Tarraxinha continues to evolve, with dancers and choreographers contributing to its development and incorporation into diverse dance scenes. Its slow and sensuous nature remains a distinctive feature, offering a unique and expressive form of partner dance.

Tarraxo is a dance style that originated in Lisbon, Portugal, as a subgenre within the broader Kizomba and Urban Kiz dance scenes. Tarraxo has distinct characteristics, often recognized for its slow, sensual, and sometimes more urban-influenced movements. Here's an overview of the history of Tarraxo:

Emergence in Lisbon, Portugal

•  Tarraxo first emerged in the neighborhoods of Lisbon, Portugal, in the late 2000s. The dance style developed within the Portuguese-speaking communities, particularly in urban areas where the Kizomba and Urban Kiz scenes were flourishing

Influence of Kizomba and Zouk:**

• Tarraxo has its roots in Kizomba and its close relative, Zouk. Kizomba's influence is evident in the close partner connection and sensuality, while Zouk contributes to the incorporation of more fluid and expressive movements.

Characteristics of Tarraxo

• Tarraxo is characterized by its slow tempo, sensual movements, and a strong focus on partner connection. Dancers often engage in close embraces, and the movements can be more fluid and continuous than traditional Kizomba.

Urban Influences

• Tarraxo also shows influences from urban dance styles, such as hip-hop and R&B. This fusion of traditional Afro-Portuguese dances with contemporary urban elements contributes to the distinctiveness of Tarraxo.

Popularization through Social Media

• The global dissemination of Tarraxo was greatly facilitated by social media platforms. Dancers and instructors shared videos, tutorials, and performances, allowing Tarraxo to gain recognition and popularity beyond Portugal.

Globalization and Dance Festivals

• Tarraxo gained traction internationally through dance festivals, workshops, and social events. As the popularity of Kizomba and Urban Kiz grew worldwide, Tarraxo found its place as a unique and expressive dance style within these larger dance communities.

Influence on Music

• Tarraxo dance style also influenced the production of music. Tarraxo music, with its slow and sensuous rhythm, became a subgenre within the broader Kizomba music scene. Some artists started producing tracks specifically labeled as Tarraxo.

Evolution and Substyles

• Over time, Tarraxo has continued to evolve, and different substyles within Tarraxo have emerged. Some dancers and choreographers bring their own interpretations and variations to the dance, contributing to its ongoing development.

Diversity in Tarraxo Communities

• Tarraxo communities are diverse, with dancers from various backgrounds and dance experiences contributing to the growth of the style. Workshops, classes, and events dedicated to Tarraxo provide platforms for dancers to exchange ideas and further develop the dance form.

Tarraxo continues to be a dynamic and evolving dance style, appreciated for its unique blend of sensuality, urban influences, and intricate partner connection. Its presence in the global dance scene highlights the creativity and adaptability within partner dance communities.