Usually, in this situation, especially in urban areas, people realize that the world's economic and technological development is changing over time to meet the needs of the growing population. This is so, along with the rapid development of infrastructure that covers human social and economic needs. For example, the social needs of access to health, education, recreation and housing are seen as important elements in fulfilling the well-being of the population (Siti Khatijah Zamhari et al., 2016). Clearly, the need for infrastructure development plays its role in the population around the area that often gets attention and the problem becomes one of awareness for urban planners to maintain the population situation of a place whether it is growing or collapsing. In summary, an in-depth study in this project in Komtar, Georgetown Penang on the action plan should be carried out and used as an efficient example in order to be able to take care of the local community to avoid significant population changes and balance for the progress of an area. Therefore, efforts to succeed in sustainable population development should be introduced to control population problems in the long term.

In this context, among the action plans that can be taken for the population issue occurring in Komtar, Georgetown Penang is to improve the standard of living and the quality of life of the people through effective governance (United Nations, 2017). This being so, the community in an area plays an important role in the development activities of a local area. For example, the country has similarities in Komtar, Georgetown Penang is taken from the country of Leipzig, Germany where the economy conducted in the city of Leipzig, Germany consists of large multinational companies opening branch factories or logistics hubs such as BMW, Porsche, DHL and Amazon. This brings thousands of new jobs that create migration where there are high and low skilled workers and workers from abroad. In addition, there are other high-tech industries and an advanced service sector is beginning to develop which is a major city of shopping malls, culture lovers and nightlife activities (Marco Bontje, 2014).In fact, the growth of Leipzig, Germany is clearly not a joy for the local people because the city faces various challenges on the bright and dark side such as regeneration and redevelopment in the historic part of the city where redevelopment is concentrated within the historic city and neighbors in Südvorstadt, Connewitz and the northwest Waldstraßenviertel, Gohlis where there is continuous residential or commercial gentrification where 19th and early 20th century buildings are restored before turning into luxury apartments, 'townhouses' and apartment blocks built and even a business center built such as boutique restaurants, galleries, large retail stores that create resistance and disruption by the local community that lead these residents to migrate from their place of origin (Marco Bontje, 2014). As a result, among the initiatives of the national government of Leipzig, Germany to deal with shrinking cities is to carefully adjust the strategic efforts of urban affairs to meet the needs of local people in the realization of regrowth so that no disputes occur by administering effective urban management through this angle, the Federal Government of Germany actively deals with the problem of reduced population due to loss and urban decline, according to the specifications of its planning system where considering the federal, state and local government levels join together to form a decentralized spatial planning model in Germany through subsidized programs aimed at motivating communities to deal with the problems of affected people local through the action program 'Eastern Urban Reorganization' (Stadtumbau Ost, 2001-2009) gives a wider focus including upgrading old buildings, local infrastructure and affordable houses for the entire inner-city area through cooperation between municipalities and housing companies. This is achieved through a mandatory comprehensive urban development plan strategy (Integrierte Stadtentwicklungspläne) developed in cooperation between local authorities and corporate housing, as a prerequisite to obtain funds to determine future development steps, and address the problem of vacancy and population abandonment in the area. This approach aims to enable the community to determine its policy guidelines according to the community's own priorities to regain growth (Nebojsa Camprag, 2018). Through this diagram is the development of the population around Leipzig, Germany in the year 2000 to 2023 through the established policy planning (Data Commons, 2025). 

Overall, the various specific conditions of local communities show the greatest economic performance where the development profile of Leipzig, Germany shows a relatively solid performance. Nevertheless, local governments still face issues that need to be resolved along with the challenges that appear in a comprehensive approach to the formulation of a strategic and multi-dimensional urban development framework specific to the population in the area to encourage an innovative and potentially more comprehensive urban governance model that can be recognized as a valuable lesson for other cities and regions that face similar challenges, especially related to the general objective constraints embedded in the strategic planning standards imposed that are likely to depend on pragmatic solutions and are largely accepted, the task for effective and reflective urban governance should be framed in anticipation of the future although very complicated but the impact becomes a creative interpretation. In short, full attention to the local population should be enabled and mobilized even if the response to the expected trend involves less at the moment the desired intervention or seems to contradict the latest trends in urban development to foster a more sustainable development in shrinking cities (Nina Schwarz et al., 2021).

In this perspective, among the existing action plans that need to be implemented in Komtar, Georgetown Penang is investing in the city's resilience to the local population (World Bank Group, 2020). This being the case, investing in resilience contributes to long-term sustainability by ensuring that the gains of current development are protected for future generations. At the city level, resilience focuses on building the capacity of local governments to take measures for local residents that enable households, communities and enterprises to manage stress or avoid shocks in maintaining critical services such as disruptions and repairing infrastructure damage. As such, this represents a strategic shift from past development trends where investment was largely driven towards rehabilitation and reconstruction. For example, there is the Urban Resilience Program (CRP) empowering to pursue investments that build greater resilience to climate and disaster risk and to access the funding needed to ensure those investments bear fruit. CRP has built a diverse technical support ecosystem such as climate, economic and social to bring together various sectoral expertise into systematic urban planning. The approach used by the CRP represents a fundamental shift in how cities can be supported to address the most pressing development challenges by focusing only on sectoral priorities (World Bank Group, 2020). Through this action plan initiative, it provides an overview to the municipal government responsible for effective urban planning in Komtar, Georgetown Penang for basic facilities and infrastructure to monitor development, public health, waste management, business licensing, maintain peace, beautify the city and promote the local economy so that the local population can be controlled and not cause significant migration. Clearly, this action plan has an impact on the high growth of the urban population due to the rate of increase in urban areas, migration from rural to urban areas, and the transformation of rural settlements to urban areas, which is usually a concern in many developing countries. Therefore, this is a forecast for the population development in the coming year, which is expected to be 2030 for every place and not just for Komtar, Georgetown, Penang, only which includes the entire district of Penang (Anil Netto, 2023). Also,  strong action plan for issues of population in Georgetown must focus on urban infrastructure. Urban displacement worsened by big building projects like Komtar, needs a solution through zoning rules for inclusion, through public housing programs, and fixing old buildings. Creating housing plans for all income levels and helping people stay near their jobs will prevent urban sprawl. The Penang Development Corporation’s past flat building projects, such as Macallum Street Ghaut, which is located in the city’s central business area it consists of seven affordable public housing blocks. It shows a way for affordable housing in good locations (Aleksandra Belugina et al., 2018).

         As a result, the good governance carried out from the country of Leipzig, Germany is exemplified in Penang in the Komtar area in the predictions made in the report The Penang 2030 Guide Book shows through a deep history of cosmopolitan modernity, a diverse and culturally hybrid population can be recognized globally as one However, to maintain and develop the reputation of the government related to the state needs to be inclusive in policy and to be comprehensive in taking care of the needs of its citizens. In short, upholding and upgrading the quality of life systematically and progressively which is a priority and making a policy to take care of the local population in the coming years to improve safety and cleanliness and restore the culture of Penang, new technology will be applied along with the quality of life of the people of Penang which involves the welfare of the community and the wishes of the vulnerable community are given special attention towards the care of the population in the inclusive state of Penang (The Penang 2030 Guide Book, 2019).

To sum it up, this approach has an impact on the evaluation and care of the urban history found in an area to be shared by cities around the world, as a precaution not to create problems in the future. This is the case, the needs of the local community are not provided optimally, according to the current needs of the population, problems occur. Clearly, better management of urban assets will help local leaders improve the economy in the area to finance social and economic infrastructure, and to develop strategies for efficient and innovative population development. As a result, better management of city assets will help cover necessary maintenance costs without competing with government budgets that can cover many expenses for health care, education, and other social initiatives. Strictly speaking, when the urban population increases, urban planners must become more adept at making budgets for the long term (World Economic Forum, 2017).