This module discusses installation and configuration for Linux and Windows.
In this module we explore the following :
Man pages are viewed with man Command
Example: man passwd
man 5 passwd #searches for passwd in section 5 of the man pages
Config files are located in /etc/man_db.conf [or /etc/man.config]
Location to search for man pages
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/share/man
If not specified the sections of the manual and search order
SECTION 1 1p 8 2 3 3p 4 5 6 7 9 0p n 1 p o 1x 2x 3 x 4x 4x 5x 6x 7x 8x
Package documentation is installed when Software packages are installed.
Often in /usr/doc or /usr/share/doc
could be in text file, HTML, PDF (depending on package)
Hardware configuration includes
PCI = Peripheral Component Interconnect
# lspci list PCI devices
USB = Universal Serial Bus
# man udev
configured in /etc/udev
PC hardware
· PCI bus,
· RS-232 serial ports
· USB
· Sound cards
· Video cards
· IDE /ATA and SCSI disk (small computer system interface)
IDE = integrated drive electronic (very old), /dev/hda, /dev/hdb
SATA = current PCs have serial ATA (SATA), /dev/sda, /dev/sdb,
SCSI = Small Computer System Interface, /dev/sda, /dev/sdb
Different filesystem types for different partitions
Better disk space management
Multi-OS support
Typically 3 partitions - /boot, /, swap
Root partition managed by LVM (Logical Volume Manager)
Modern operating systems (OS) generally manage software as packages.
Package includes executables, config files, documentation etc.
The contents of the package spread across many directories on the filesystem
In Linux, there are two main package managers:
RedHat (RPM Package Manager, RPM) - .rpm files
Debian (Apt) - .deb files: Ubuntu
similar to rpm
-i = install
-r = remove
Red Hat, Fedora, CentOS, open SUSE, OpenMandriva Lx
Naming: packagename-a.b.c-x.arch.rpm
a.b.c = version
x = build/release no
arch = hardware, e.g., emacs-24.3.22.el7.x86_64.rpm
-i = install
-u = upgrade or install
-q = query
adopted by RedHat, CentOS, Fedora and some other RPM based distributions
repositories configured in /etc/yum.repos.d/*
Yum is one of the several meta-packages which enables to easily install a package and all its dependencies using a single command line. When using Yum, we don't need to locate and download the package files, because Yum does this by itself by searching one or more repositories - Internet sites that host RPM files for a particular distribution.
yum [option] [command] [package..]