Installation & Configuration

This module discusses installation and configuration for Linux and Windows.

In this module we explore the following :

Documentation

Man pages are viewed with man Command

Example: man passwd

man 5 passwd #searches for passwd in section 5 of the man pages

Hardware/Kernel Configuration

Linux configuration manual

Config files are located in /etc/man_db.conf [or /etc/man.config]

Location to search for man pages

MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/man

MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/share/man

MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/share/man

If not specified the sections of the manual and search order

SECTION 1 1p 8 2 3 3p 4 5 6 7 9 0p n 1 p o 1x 2x 3 x 4x 4x 5x 6x 7x 8x

Package documentation is installed when Software packages are installed.

Often in /usr/doc or /usr/share/doc

could be in text file, HTML, PDF (depending on package)

Hardware Configuration

Hardware configuration includes

PCI = Peripheral Component Interconnect

# lspci list PCI devices

USB = Universal Serial Bus

# man udev

configured in /etc/udev

PC hardware

· PCI bus,

· RS-232 serial ports

· USB

· Sound cards

· Video cards

· IDE /ATA and SCSI disk (small computer system interface)

IDE / ATA / ATAPI disks

IDE = integrated drive electronic (very old), /dev/hda, /dev/hdb

SATA = current PCs have serial ATA (SATA), /dev/sda, /dev/sdb,

SCSI = Small Computer System Interface, /dev/sda, /dev/sdb

Disk Partitioning

Disk Partition

Different filesystem types for different partitions
Better disk space management
Multi-OS support

Auto partition

Typically 3 partitions - /boot, /, swap
Root partition managed by LVM (Logical Volume Manager)

Managing software using packages

Modern operating systems (OS) generally manage software as packages.

Package includes executables, config files, documentation etc.
The contents of the package spread across many directories on the filesystem
In Linux, there are two main package managers:

RedHat (RPM Package Manager, RPM) - .rpm files

Debian (Apt) - .deb files: Ubuntu

similar to rpm
-i = install
-r = remove

RedHat Package Manager (rpm)

Red Hat, Fedora, CentOS, open SUSE, OpenMandriva Lx
Naming: packagename-a.b.c-x.arch.rpm
- a.b.c = version
- x = build/release no
- arch = hardware, e.g., emacs-24.3.22.el7.x86_64.rpm
- -i = install
- -u = upgrade or install
- -q = query

Yum

Yum = Yellow Dog Linux Distribution

adopted by RedHat, CentOS, Fedora and some other RPM based distributions
repositories configured in /etc/yum.repos.d/*

Yum is one of the several meta-packages which enables to easily install a package and all its dependencies using a single command line. When using Yum, we don't need to locate and download the package files, because Yum does this by itself by searching one or more repositories - Internet sites that host RPM files for a particular distribution.

Basic way to use Yum

yum [option] [command] [package..]

Process Management

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