Kidney Health Atlas | 2019 Table 2.3 | Renal registries from the 10 ISN regions used as data sources54 Africa South Africa 2012 Yes Yes Yes Yes Eastern & Romanian Renal Registry 1993 Yes* Yes* Yes* Yes* Central Europe Turkish National Registry 1990 Yes Yes Yes Yes Latin America Brazilian Registry of Dialysis 1998 Yes Yes Yes - Colombia Healthcare Database 2008 - - Yes Yes Latin American Dialysis and Transplantation Registry 1991 Yes Yes Yes Yes Sociedad Argentina de Nefrologia (SAN) 2004 Yes Yes Yes Y es Uruguayan Registry of Dialysis 1981 Yes Yes Yes Yes Middle East & United Arab Emirates Renal North Africa Diseases Registry 1980 Yes Yes - - NIS & Russia Russian Registry 1998 Yes* Yes* Yes* Yes* North America British Columbia Renal Database 2008 - - - - Canadian Organ Replacement Registry (CORR) 1994 Yes Yes Yes Yes Canadian Pediatric End-Stage Renal Disease Database 2010 Yes Yes Yes Yes Database of the Renal Research Institute (MONDO) 2000 - - - - North American Pediatric Renal Trials and Collaborative Studies 1992 No No Yes Yes The Renal Disease Registry (Ontario Renal Network) 1981 Shanghai Dialysis Registry 1996 - - Yes No Singapore Renal Registry 2001 Yes Yes Yes Yes Taiwan Renal Registry Data System 1987 Yes Yes Yes No Thailand Renal Replacement Therapy Registry 1997 Yes Yes Yes Yes OSEA Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA) 1963 Yes Yes Yes Yes South Asia None - - - - - ISN region Renal registry Year established Incidence of ESKD Prevalence of ESKD Dialysis Transplant * Covered in ERA-EDTA registry continued ISN Global Kidney Health Atlas | 2019 Methods | 33 Table 2.3 | continued ISN region Renal registry Year established Incidence of ESKD Prevalence of ESKD Dialysis Transplant Western Europe Austrian Dialysis and Transplant Registry (OEDTR) 1990 - - - - Belgian Society of Nephrology (NBVN) 1996 - - - - Catalan Renal Registry (RMRC) 1984 Yes* Yes* Yes* Yes* Danish Registry on Regular Dialysis and Transplantation (DNSL) 1990 Yes* Yes* Yes* Yes* Dutch R Source: A global overview of renal registries: a systematic review, 2015.54 Adapted with permission. * Covered in ERA-EDTA registry ERA-EDTA = European Renal Association: European Dialysis and Transplant Association, ISN = International Society of Nephrology, NIS = Newly Independent States 34 | Methods ISN Global Kidney Health Atlas | 2019 EUR = euro, KRT = kidney replacement therapy, PPP = purchasing power parity, USD = United States Dollar Framework was adopted from a previously published economic study comparing diabetes treatment costs across countries. Reference: Seuring T, Archangelidi O, and Suhrcke M. The economic costs of type 2 diabetes: a global systematic review. Pharmacoeconomics 33.8 (2015): 811-831. Adjustment using PPP estimates: PPP refers to a standard price index (exchange rate) by the International Comparison Program that enables currency and price level standardization between countries. Reference: World Bank Group. Purchasing Power Parities and the Real Size of World Economies. 2014. Available at: httICP-Global-Report.pdf Historical exchange rate: The exchange rate between the local study currency and international dollars in the year of study conduct (or one year prior to publication if study year not stated). Figure 2.2 | KRT cost adjustments and standardization KRT cost in local currency e.g., 2004 EUR KRT cost in 2016 USD KRT cost converted e.g., 2012 USD KRT cost in 2016 USD Adjusted using PPP estimates Converted back using average historical exchange rate Adjusted using PPP estimates KRT cost in local currency e.g., Scoping review of KRT cost estimates To obtain data on KRT costs with implications for ESKD care, we conducted a scoping review of published articles and gray literature in which estimates for any of the different KRT modalities at the country level were reported. Since most of the included studies were from countries using different currencies and from different years, we used international cost comparison techniques (Figure 2.2). The annual cost of KRT was extracted directly from a study if the average cost over a one-year period was provided. When