After taking the first steps to reflect on my cultural identity and how my lived experiences show up in the learning environment, I was able to begin bringing this plan into fruition. Having laid the ground work for CRT routines that include relationship building, restorative justice, family communication, and my own self-reflection, I was able to more meaningfully leverage my knowledge of student needs, backgrounds, and lived experiences into our learning space. Further, I was able to integrate this planning into my academic learning as well. In my Effective Practices II course at Johns Hopkins, I created a Culturally Responsive Teaching Plan in which I identify student identity markers through an assets-based lens. By understanding that the diversity of linguistic, cultural, and developmental abilities make our classroom environment richer, I was able to intentionally focus my energy on the areas of growth so that each scholar is receiving a meaningful learning experience.
Public education has existed on a one-size fits most mindset of conformity, assimilation and complicity for far too long. In order to appropriately respond to the varied cultural, linguistic, and learning needs of my classroom community, it is pivotal that I take action to disrupt these systems of oppression.
Working in the elementary school level, during which families are appropriately highly engaged in their scholar's learning, it is critical to have regular, positive family engagement. During my first year teaching (2020-21), I tried on several strategies for frequent family communication in the form of a weekly newsletter on ParentSquare, regular updates on ClassDojo (on which families are connected to receive real-time updates), informal texts, and weekly progress reports for some of our highest needs scholars. Additionally, I was available for communication with my scholars through Clever messaging, text, and Google Classroom. While I do not regret having made myself so available for communication during such a strenuous time, I have since adjusted my plan for family engagement to be more sustainable for me and intentionally student-centered. I quickly realized that I was in frequent communication with certain student's families more than others and was overwhelmingly sharing concerns over celebrations. Not only was this inequitable, it wasn't actually building the partnership I was so sincerely seeking.
Returning to school in the 2021-22 school year, I made the commitment to send at least three to five positive notes home with students each day. Very quickly, it became apparent that this was an overwhelming system that lacked organization, accountability, and intentionality. I decided to pivot and use my pre-existing tracker from the start of the year's welcome call to add data about the frequency of messages to families. I already had all of the demographic information, contact information, and preferred mode of communication in place from the start of the year, and simply added additional columns to mark when I initiated contact with a family and if the intention was to lift up celebration or concern.
By using a spreadsheet to track family communication, I am able to check my own biases to ensure that I am equitably contacting each family in my classroom. Further, I was able to visually understand the frequency, nature, and format of my communication so that I could plan to adjust accordingly. For example, I realized early on that the first person I would contact from a student's PowerSchool contact sheet was usually the biological mother, if listed. I realized I was placing the onus on the maternal figure for handling all matters relating to the child as this was the case in my own household growing up. I also realized how often I was sharing concern over praise with families whose students are chronically absent or who hold an IEP with a Behavioral Intervention Plan (BIP). I realized the importance of collaboratively planning communication for these high needs groups as it became apparent that these families were receiving a disproportionate amount of messaging from Ed Specialists, administration, counselors, classroom teachers, and front of office staff. To mitigate this challenge, I proposed that we work as a lead team to better handle contacting chronically absent students and shared my communication tracker with our 3-5 Ed Specialist so that we can be in sync regarding communication frequency and style.
The template I have made can be viewed below along with the chronically absent student tracker that began as a direct result of my concern:
Texts with a student who had previously experienced tremendous behavioral challenges and was phased out of Tier 4 intervention by the end of 4th grade.
A ParentSquare message with a family to celebrate the culturally responsive Civics work their scholar had created in class that day.
By building a strong culture of open communication, I am able to quickly reach parents during high needs times like a lockdown.
As a direct result of my efforts to keep up with my data tracker and reflect according to its information, I was able to create a more sustainable practice to engage families. In addition to the aforementioned school-wide systems changes, I was able to additionally begin sending home many more positive messages home each day based on ClassDojo points and academic performance. This way, families are able to still receive a connection to our classroom on a nearly daily basis on top of the texts, calls, and ParentSquare messages of praise I send each day. I also began sending out a mass message on Friday, or the following Monday, for all students who did not complete homework or making progress on goals.
Below, you can see a copy of my "Triumph Scholar" note home to families and a sample mass message regarding our independent reading goals, respectively. Overall, I have experienced far more open communication, family support in the classroom, and inclusion in cultural events as a direct result of a more culturally responsive, specific communication method.
A copy of a family note sent via ParentSquare to check in around their scholar's reading progress.
As a teacher my priority ultimately lies in supporting a student achieve their academic goals. That said, the hard work, dedication, and belief in self that is required to make such academic gains requires a great deal of trust, comfort, and genuine care.
In addition to showing up for my scholars in the classroom and during the school day, I try to make a point of attending as many of the birthday parties, family celebrations, sports events, and performances to which I am invited. It is important to me that I demonstrate how much I genuinely care about my scholars and their families as people first. Further, I believe that attending these events provides an opportunity to celebrate and honor students' cultures, lived experiences, and interests on a deeper level. This directly informs and positively impacts my ability to curate culturally responsive and engaging content for my scholars as I understand their worlds much more clearly.
Attending a student's softball game (Image 1) and celebrating a student being honored at her church for leadership (Image 2).
As part of my commitment to culturally responsive teaching and community building, I make it a point to show up for my students and families in times of need and in times of prosperity. Even with the most thoughtful planning, preparation, and positive hopes, life happens and impacts the classroom community. From the murder of a student's father right across the street from our school in 2021 to ongoing housing and food insecurity that results in students' inability to focus on learning during the school day, I feel a strong responsibility to support my scholars and their families through challenging times. For me, this is what teaching the whole child really means.
One salient example of how I step up to ensure my students are getting what they need is ensuring that they are able to attend school. In the 2021-22 school year, I had the distinct pleasure of teaching a scholar who is brilliant, thoughtful, hilarious, and generous. He has also faced very serious trauma in his life, has severe ADHD, and is placed in Tier 4 behavioral intervention as a result of unsafe behaviors that look like throwing desks, eloping from school, and work avoidance by screaming. In the spring of 2022, he stopped coming to school for a few days as his mother was unable to take him to after school care from Triumph. Instead of going to school, he was spending the entire day in daycare. He had been asked to leave his previous daycare as a result of maladaptive behaviors and was not admitted to our school's free After School Program due to referrals. Together with his school counselor, I was able to coordinate with mom to drive him to The Boys and Girls Club from Triumph each day, where she would then pick him up. While this is not at all in my paid job description, I knew that this student would struggle without the services and supports he receives at school each day and would feel insecure about his absences. For the remainder of the year, I drove this student to The Boys and Girls Club each day and supported him in completing his homework. It felt critical to my ethos as an educator and to my relationship with this student that he have the continuity, support, and care necessary to come to school every day and continue growing.
I sent this photo to his mom after we got an after school snack.
Checking in with mom about his day and ensuring her comfort.
Spending time with my scholar after school.
Though an important component of teaching is anticipating student needs and experiences, truly culturally responsive practices allow students to share their needs and experiences for themselves. Throughout the year, I solicit student survey data to check-in around their goals, evolving interests, seating preferences, and overall feelings about school. I make an effort to offer a survey at the start and end of each quarter so I am able to plan accordingly in response to student feedback. To the right, you will find examples of a BOY student survey which is only slightly modified throughout the year to gauge how scholars are doing and to express genuine care for their interests.
Further, Triumph has us complete a school culture survey every quarter, usually on the last week. This short survey asks students whether or not they feel a sense of belonging in school as well as a sense of feeling represented or connected to their coursework in my class. Every grade level administers this survey so that we are able to discuss as a team what needs to be done to improve our school community in a more culturally responsive manner. I read the questions aloud to students and let them know that they did not need to include their name if they wanted to remain anonymous. Providing students a safe and private opportunity to be honest values their opinion and removes the pressure of feeling like they need to answer in a way that makes me feel affirmed. A copy of this survey and summary of the findings can be found below.
Summary of student responses to our school culture survey from the Spring 2022 semester.
Looking at my survey responses relative to the rest of the school, I was surprised and genuinely overjoyed to see that my students responded most positively of all the upper elementary classes. While I certainly don't do my job for praise or recognition, it was very personally affirming to see that my efforts to plan and execute CRT in all parts of our learning day reaped positive results from my scholars.
This further stamps my belief that building a strong classroom culture steeped in genuine care, relationships, and representation of identity is foundational to students feeling empowered, connected, and welcomed at school. While I would still like to see improvement in these scores so that all scholars answer "Always" or "Most of the Time" to each of these questions consistently, I can see that thoughtful planning for and intentional action to implement CRT has impacted my scholars in their general experiences at school.
An important part of honoring student interest, identity, and assets is through giving them the chance to share about themselves. Every week, a student is selected as our Student of the Week as their class job. On Monday, they are given an "All About Me" poster to take home, decorate, and bring back to present on Wednesday during morning meeting. During their presentation, they can choose to answer student questions about their poster and the rest of the class is encouraged to use the non-verbal signal for "I agree" whenever the SOTW shares something about themselves that they too can relate.
Additionally, our SOTW is given responsibility to select an activity or lesson they would like to teach the class on Friday during morning meeting. This "student takeover" gives scholars the agency to teach the class a mini-lesson of their choosing (pre-approved by me!) or a game they enjoy to build community. By giving students active choice and voice in the classroom, I am honoring my CRT commitment to center students in our classroom learning and democratize the learning space. Even though I am the educator, I believe that my scholars have so much intellect, knowledge, and wisdom to share with our classroom community. Prioritizing this time and space represents my sincere desire to teach scholars that learning can happen anywhere, anytime, and from anyone.
Student of the Week posters are displayed by student backpacks so that classmates can continue to forge bonds, find common ground, and learn about one another throughout the year.
One of my scholars was particularly enthusiastic about the story of Titanic and was very excited to teach our class about the history, legacy, and pop culture references of this infamous ship. He did so well, in fact, that the classroom began to refer to this student as "Mr. Fun Guy" and requested that he "sub" for our class whenever we met our ClassDojo goal of 50 classroom points a week. This scholar has faced tremendous social challenges and exhibited unsafe behaviors at school. He shared that getting to be "Mr. Fun Guy" made him feel that his classmates really cared about him.
Rather than speaking for my scholar, I asked him to share the positive impact of getting to be student of the week in a short interview in November 2022. He is now a 5th grader and thriving academically and socially. Click above to hear from Mr. Fun Guy himself!
Please open in a new tab to listen.
An important part of executing a culturally responsive classroom is honoring the identities and heritage of each community member. As I shared in my planning and preparation section, it means a lot to me that students not only feel celebrated for who they are, but liberated to be exactly themselves at all times. It is one thing to celebrate culture in passing, and quite another to take the steps to educate myself and classroom community about the lived experiences, linguistic diversity, and personal preferences of each scholar. In the following section, I share how I work with our school and outside resources to ensure students continuously feel celebrated in their learning while also gaining meaningful perspective, experience, and practice in learning about other cultures, languages, and places different from their own.
At the start of the 2022-23 school year, our staff came together to thoughtfully plan for monthly heritage and identity celebrations so that these events wouldn't feel like after thoughts or virtue signaling to students. We met during our team's two week long professional development training and team retreat to plan for spirit days, read aloud books, special speakers, and family events to honor the ancestry, traditions, and ongoing fights for justice of cultures represented and not represented in our community. Together we planned the following celebrations and events to promote tolerance, mutual understanding, and compassion: Latinx Heritage Month (September), Disability Awareness Month (October), Native American Heritage Month (November), Triumph Kindness Campaign (December), Anti-Racism and Discrimination Month (January), Black History Month (February), Women's History Month (March), Arab American Heritage Month (April), AAPI Heritage Month (May), and Pride Month (June). While the expectation was that each team member only take on the planning and coordinating for one month out of the year, I decided to take on the responsibility of supporting with two months: Arab American Heritage Month (April) and Pride (June).
A spreadsheet documenting the various events with links to slide decks, culturally responsive texts, and accessible, free resources for scholars and families can be found below:
In the 2021-22 school year, even before we planned all of these events, I personally made a commitment to honoring each of these celebrations within my own classroom community. Celebrations varied from a culturally responsive read aloud of It Feels Good to Be Yourself on Zoom during morning meeting, a Chinese New Year celebration complete with snacks and penpal exchanges from an elementary classroom in Taiwan facilitated through Fulbright Connect, to salsa dance lessons during Latinx Heritage Month. The following images and artifacts demonstrate a sincere effort to engage students in learning more about themselves, each other, and the broader global community. I believe that above all else, this is the knowledge through which impactful learning and growth occurs.
During Chinese New Year and AAPI Heritage Month, I arranged for a penpal cultural exchange with students at Da-Tung Elementary school in Taichung, Taiwan through Fulbright Connect. Students learned to speak a bit of Chinese, learned to write the Chinese character for "tiger" to honor the new year, and exchanged their favorite snacks in a care package. As a former Fulbright English Teaching Assistant in Taiwan, I was able to facilitate this relationship with Fulbright Connect and introduce my students to a part of the world with which they were previously unfamiliar. In turn, my scholars were able to share a bit about their life through a shared SeeSaw page with the scholars from Da-Tung and send them a box of popular American snacks like chips, cookies, and candy. The purpose of the Fulbright program is to "build mutual understanding between nations, advance knowledge across communities, and improve lives around the world" (U.S. State Department, n.d.). In the artifacts below, you will see students enjoying Taiwanese pineapple cakes and snacks sent by the students at Da-Tung and saying "謝謝 (xièxie)" which means "thank you" in Mandarin. We posted the video to our shared SeeSaw page, which can also be viewed to the right.
Students expressing thanks in both English and Mandarin Chinese to their Taiwanese penpals as they enjoy traditional pineapple cakes, chips, and crackers sent from Taiwan. This video was posted on our shared SeeSaw blog page.
Students enjoying various popular Taiwanese snacks as part of their cultural and linguistic penpal exchange. Students were very excited to receive a giant box from Taiwan and to send a care package of treats to the students in Taichung.
Even in the Bay Area, there remains a great deal of hostility, discrimination, and intolerance for the LGBTQIA2S+ community. I have several students who identify as non-binary, queer, bi-sexual, and gay, among many other identity markers. Part of culturally responsive teaching means making space for each of these scholars' lived experiences in our learning. I have been reading a book about gender identity to my own classroom for years, and was thrilled to be able to share it with the entire school community, as evidence in the calendar artifact above. As a result, many teachers shared that they were able to provide meaningful conversation with their classroom communities about identity and celebration of self.
Historically speaking, Latinx Heritage Month has been thrown together at the last minute due to its early arrival in the school year. Not only is this problematic, but culturally irresponsive as it denies a significant portion of our student body the chance to celebrate their own cultural celebrations. This year (Fall 2022), our school celebrated with a door decorating competition to demonstrate student learning about a specific Latin country, taught tradition Latin American dances at school, and held a Latinx Heritage Month Family celebration with free dinner from a local taco truck, games, and art.
Above is a slide deck I found and shared with our school to honor Arab American History Month.
At our school, there is a very small, and very proud Yemeni population of student immigrants who recently arrived to Oakland. Every year I have taught, I have had students in my classroom who fast during Ramadan while still attending school. During the 2021-22 school year, I was alarmed to see ignorance and discrimination against these scholars by their peers, especially during Ramadan celebrations. To address this misrepresentation and bullying in our classroom, we came together to understand the importance of Ramadan and learned to write "Eid Mubarak" in Arabic.
Triumph strives to honor Black history 365 days a year in practice. Serving a majority Black student population in East Oakland, it is imperative that we lift up our young people and affirm that we do not relegate BHM to the shortest month of the year, February. Last year, a student's family came into my classroom to discuss the rich Black history in Oakland and provide meaningful context to the movements for Black Lives my students studied in Civics. For this month in particular, though, we celebrate Black history and present through a class potluck of our favorite family dishes, a spotlight on a different Black innovator, leader, and creator each day, and a school-wide assembly in which each class presents their work. Additionally we host a BHM spirit week during which students dress up, present learning, and celebrate.
An essential aspect of CRT and of our school's vision is ensuring that students feel included in the curriculum and texts used in the classroom. As a white female, I grew up seeing a lot of characters who looked like me and shared life experiences to my own through my learning at school. This is certainly not always the case for my scholars. If learning does not feel representative, or at least relatable, to a learner's experience, it loses value and continues to reproduce cycles of disenfranchisement, disempowerment, and dissatisfaction within the school system. In order to determine whether or not a text, learning activity, or unit of study is culturally competent, our school completes an "Inclusiveness Text Analysis" as a part of our module internalization. We review each lesson plan, formative assessment, and text study through an antiracist lens by asking questions like: "Do the characters perpetrate stereotypes and/or false and harmful narratives?" and "Does the language, image, themes, or content cause harm, disrespect, marginalize, exclude, etc.?" I complete and revisit these module internalization analyses ahead of each quarter to ensure every scholar has the opportunity to feel seen and celebrated in their learning. More so, as a lead teacher on the 3-5 ELA team, I support my colleagues in internalizing their modules to reimagine what this learning could look like with the addition of supplemental texts, perspectives, and developmentally appropriate lessons while still holding high expectations.
Our school uses the Wit and Wisdom ELA curriculum for kindergarten to fifth grade. While there are many advantages to this curriculum, especially its engaging, knowledge centered approach to teaching foundational reading, writing, speaking, and listening language skills, it is also imperfect in its cultural representation. Of course, no curriculum is meant to be taught exactly as is and must be interpreted, internalized, and analyzed through a culturally responsive framework to determine how to make learning accessible, deeply meaningful, and encouraging to scholars.
About a month ahead of the upcoming module, our grade level and content teams come together with our coaches and Ed Specialist to internalize the module and screen it for inclusivity, diversity of thought, and celebration of student culture. We commit to doing this so that we can ensure high quality, rigorous learning experiences for scholars by giving educators enough advanced planning time and to ensure that all scholars feel their identities, experiences, and cultures are validated in their learning.
The most critical component of this internalization protocol is to review each of the lesson texts, pieces of art, artifacts, and activities to identify their strengths and room for extension. Depending on the unit and grade level, this may look like omitting a text in favor of a more culturally responsive option, adding supplemental materials to ensure a wide range of perspectives and opinions are represented, or providing additional opportunity for schema building so that we do not assume what students should already know in their funds of knowledge. For example, in the above module internalization, I decided to change the three biographies of Anne Frank, Clara Barton, and Helen Keller to be about Stacey Abrams, John Lewis, and Dolores Huerta instead. While there is nothing inherently wrong with the original biographies, these three white woman who are no longer alive do not represent my students experiences, challenges, and identities. Further, engaging students in a lesson about great figurative heart lends itself well to opportunities to introduce advocacy, social justice, and civic engagement into their ELA learning. Copies of my culturally responsive biographies can be found on the right.
Module internalization is a challenging and long process that is never really complete. I am currently in my third year of teaching 4th grade ELA and I am still finding new ways to engage my students in their learning in deeper, richer, more culturally sound ways.
In addition to analyzing our texts through an anti-racist lens and amending the curriculum so that it is more inclusive and representative of our scholars, I also try to find smaller ways to engage my scholars in their learning. This is perhaps best exemplified in our study of theme and main idea through the short film: Hair Love. As I was tracking student growth through exit ticket data ahead of writing a focus question task about the theme of our novel, it was apparent that students were struggling to discern the difference between main idea and theme. In thinking about how to re-teach this lesson for Tier 1 instruction, since most students struggled with this lesson, I decided to engage their funds of knowledge to bring this learning to life.
In an effort to reach students through as many modalities as possible, I offered students the choice of reading a photocopy version of the book Hair Love or watching the digital short by the same name. While most students chose the film, it was important to provide scholars choice and autonomy over their preferred mode of learning. This story, while universal in theme, shares a story to which my scholars felt personally connected as it very accurately depicted and valued their own lived truth.
I was pleasantly surprised to see immense growth in student understanding and achievement as a result of this seemingly small adjustment. Nearly all students mastered the difference between main idea and theme immediately following the Hair Love lesson and was able to transfer this knowledge effectively to our novel study. This affirms the importance of removing barriers to entry to grade-level content so that all scholars are able to equitable, and meaningfully, access learning.
In an era of misinformation and politicized truth, it is incredible important to support young people in discerning the difference between fact and opinion. Providing students with multiple perspectives, texts, and honest, developmentally appropriate depictions of our collective history is an important step in creating a civically minded future.
To support our study of the Ohlone tribe native to Oakland for Indigenous Peoples Month and to engage students in important SEL lessons around gratitude, I created an updated lesson about Thanksgiving in November 2022. We get an entire week off from school to honor this holiday, and seldom discuss the genocide, starvation, and dehumanization characteristic of American colonization. Further, this lesson sets the groundwork for our next module about the American Revolution as students are prepared to critically analyze what freedom means and for whom. By engaging our nation's history, popular culture, and ongoing societal struggles into our learning, students gain a more rigorous and honest understanding of the world around them. Even more importantly, they begin to take the steps to understand how to address this inequity around them to ensure a better future.
Each group of scholars and families I get the honor to serve represents a collection of diverse experiences and identities. It is essential to my classroom culture and sense of responsibility to this work that I celebrate their individual backgrounds and unique personalities as much as possible. To execute CRT, however, I must first be willing to look within and unpack my own biases, social learning, and identity. While vulnerable personal reflection is rarely comfortable, the impact culturally responsive teaching has had on my students and collective classroom cannot be dismissed. From redirecting maladaptive behaviors to lesson planning, my practice is anchored in the sincere belief that to tackle the challenge of school, every individual must first feel seen, valued, and celebrated.
As this section indicates, authentic and honest relationships with students and families is at the center of my CRT practice. It brings me tremendous joy and meaning to engage families and scholars intentionally into our classroom learning. Families are the ultimate stakeholders as they entrust me with their most prized possession: their children. I take that job very seriously, and also recognize that it is not sustainable to do alone. Building true partnerships with families has continuously proven to reap the best results for scholars in their educational experiences as it prioritizes academic ownership and reinforces a sense of shared values.
Aspiring to be a culturally responsive educator takes immense time, effort, and exploration. While I have come a long way in my anti-racist work personally and professionally, it is important that I remain humble and recognize that this is just the beginning. My ongoing commitment to my students and my community will continue to be seen in the interactions, unlearning, classroom environment, culture of learning, and genuine connections formed in the years to come.