Essential Skills
Essential Skills
Embedded Files
Historical Thinking Skills
Historical Thinking Skills
(HTS or HiTS)
(HTS or HiTS)
Identify and explain historical developments and processes.
Identify and explain historical developments and processes.
1.A Identify a historical concept, development, or process.
1.B Explain a historical concept, development, or process.
Analyze sourcing and situation of primary and secondary sources.
2.A Identify a source’s point of view, purpose, historical situation, and/or audience.
2.B Explain the point of view, purpose, historical situation, and/ or audience of a source.
2.C Explain the significance of a source’s point of view, purpose, historical situation, and/ or audience, including how these might limit the use(s) of a source
Analyze arguments in primary and secondary sources.
3.A Identify and describe a claim and/or argument in a text based or non-text-based source.
3.B Identify the evidence used in a source to support an argument.
3.C Compare the arguments or main ideas of two sources.
3.D Explain how claims or evidence support, modify, or refute a source’s argument.
Analyze the context of historical events, developments, or processes.
4.A Identify and describe a historical context for a specific historical development or process.
4.B Explain how a specific historical development or process is situated within a broader historical context.
Using historical reasoning processes (comparison, causation, continuity and change), analyze patterns and connections between and among historical developments and processes.
5.A Identify patterns among or connections between historical developments and processes.
5.B Explain how a historical development or process relates to another historical development or process.
Develop an argument.
6.A Make a historically defensible claim.
6.B Support an argument using specific and relevant evidence.
Describe specific examples of historically relevant evidence.
Explain how specific examples of historically relevant evidence support an argument.
6.C Use historical reasoning to explain relationships among pieces of historical evidence.
6.D Corroborate, qualify, or modify an argument using diverse and alternative evidence in order to develop a complex argument. This argument might:
Explain nuance of an issue by analyzing multiple variables.
Explain relevant and insightful connections within and across periods.
Explain the relative historical significance of a source’s credibility and limitations.
Explain how or why a historical claim or argument is or is not effective.
Reasoning Processes
Reasoning Processes
1.i: Describe similarities and/or differences between different historical developments or processes.
1.ii: Explain relevant similarities and/ or differences between specific historical developments and processes.
1.iii: Explain the relative historical significance of similarities and/or differences between different historical developments or processes.
2.i: Describe causes and/or effects of a specific historical development or process.
2.ii: Explain the relationship between causes and effects of a specific historical development or process.
2.iii: Explain the difference between primary and secondary causes and between short- and long-term effects.
2.iv: Explain how a relevant context influenced a specific historical development or process.
2.v: Explain the relative historical significance of different causes and/ or effects.
3.i: Describe patterns of continuity and/or change over time.
3.ii: Explain patterns of continuity and/or change over time.
3.iii: Explain the relative historical significance of specific historical developments in relation to a larger pattern of continuity and/or change.
AP WORLD HISTORY MODERN HTS SKILLS REASONING PROCESSES
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