Design

Instructional Design

Sara McNeil defines the Instructional design as a:

Process: Instructional Design is the systematic development of instructional specifications using learning and instructional theory to ensure the quality of instruction. It is the entire process of analysis of learning needs and goals and the development of a delivery system to meet those needs. It includes development of instructional materials and activities; and tryout and evaluation of all instruction and learner activities.

Discipline: Instructional Design is that branch of knowledge concerned with research and theory about instructional strategies and the process for developing and implementing those strategies.

Science: Instructional Design is the science of creating detailed specifications for the development, implementation, evaluation, and maintenance of situations that facilitate the learning of both large and small units of subject matter at all levels of complexity.

Reality: Instructional Design can start at any point in the design process. Often a glimmer of an idea is developed to give the core of an instruction situation. By the time the entire process is done the designer looks back and she or he checks to see that all parts of the “science” have been taken into account. Then the entire process is written up as if it occurred in a systematic fashion

ADDIE Model

The ADDIE Model is the process that usually used by instructional designers and training developers to build effective training and performance support tools. Five phases- Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation- represented as a dynamic and flexible guideline during creating instructional materials.

Picture retrieved from

https://www.edapp.com/blog/the-addie-model/

Analysis Phase

In this phase, the designer clarifies the problem, establishes instructional goals and objectives, and identifies the learners existing knowledge and skills. during the analysis phase, there are some questions that are addressed:

* Who is the audience and their characteristics?

* Identify the new behavioral outcome?

* What types of learning constraints exist?

* What are the delivery options?

* What are the online pedagogical considerations?

* What is the timeline for project completion?

Design Phase

In the designing phase, the designer is dealing with learning objectives, content, assessment instruments, exercises, lesson planning, subject matter analysis, and media selection. This phase should be specific and systematic where systematic means a logical and orderly method.

Steps to be used for the design phase:

* The project's instructions strategy should be documented.

* Instructional strategies should be applied according to behavioral outcomes by cognitive, affective, or psychomotor domain.

* Storyboards creation

* Design user experience and interface

* Create prototype

*Apply visual design

Development Phase

In the development phase. developers create the content assets that they create in the previous phase. technologies are integrated or developed by the programmers and the project is reviewed according to the feedback. It is all about putting it into action in the development stage.

Implementation Phase

During the implementation phase, a procedure is developed for training facilitators and learners. For the facilitators' training, the course curriculum, learning outcomes, delivery method, and testing procedure are covered. Learners should be trained on any new tool as the students' registration or using new software or hardware.

The project manager should ensure that any equipment or tools are in place and the website or learning application is functional.

Evaluation Phase

There are two main parts of the evaluation: formative evaluation and summative evaluation. Foramtive evaluation is existing in each part of the process and that helps to ensure the quality of the project where summative evaluation is a kind of evaluation that uses tests that designed to provide feedback from the learners and give the instructor a better view if they have built and conducted a good instructions or not.

ETEC 544 PROJECT

In this project "my team and I" worked to create a complete training project for faculty members at the SBVC Computer Science Department. the department has a high-tech classroom that not being used to its full potential which was the motivator for our training project. the following are our project documents.

Analysis Report Design Document Development Document Evaluation Document

Reflection

The ETEC 544 course gave me the opportunity to understand the concept of instructional technology. Although, I felt that going to be a hard course at the beginning, the group working make it easy especially that I worked with motivated and professional group members. this course provided me with a lot of information about learning theories and the impact them on instructional design. Also, I could grab the benefit from using the ADDEI model to build a training project from zero points. During all class meetings, we as groups exchanged benefits from doing groups' critique which improves my ability toward how I use the ADDIE model effectively. As a teacher, this experience is valuable for my career and I will use what I studied in this course and the future ETEC courses to be an important reference in my career.

ETEC 5440 Project

During this course, I joined a group that we worked on establishing a website that helps CSUSB students who take Arabic language courses provided by the college of art and letters, department of languages, and literature. In the beginning, we conducted a survey to find out the student's needs then we started building our project using the ADDIE model. We found some difficulties during the development phase but, with the instructor's advice and classmates' thoughts on the discussion board, we overcame these difficulties and we got the results that we were looking for.

Analysis Document Design Document Development Document Evaluation Document

References

Kurt, S. (2017, October 07). Definitions of instructional design. Retrieved from

https://educationaltechnology.net/definitions-instructional-design/

ADDIE Model. (2018, November 30). InstructionalDesign.Org.

https://www.instructionaldesign.org/models/addie/

Piskurich, George M. Rapid Instructional Design: Learning ID Fast and Right. John Wiley & Sons, 2015.

Dick, Carey. (2014) Systematic Design of Instruction, Pearson Education. Kindle Edition

Cuevas, R.F. (2019) Course Design Formula: How to Teach Anything to Anyone Online. Learn and Get Smarter, Inc. Kindle Edition.