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Dr. Farhad is a FAA-Licensed Remote pilot in Command (UAS-PIC 107). He is an expert of building unmanned aerial and ground vehicles of different size and payload capacity from scratch. His core Research Interests includes Applied Electromagnetics, Microwave Remote sensing, GNSS Reflectometry, GNSS Transmissometry, Microwave Radiometry, Microwave Antenna, and Software defined Radio (SDR) based systems.
Research Vision Includes :
Development of Remote Sensing Sensors: Focus on designing and development of remote sensing sensor systems that are lightweight, efficient, and suitable for deployment on small UAS platforms.
User-Friendly Sensors: Create intuitive and accessible sensors that require minimal technical expertise, enabling seamless adoption by diverse user groups, including non-specialists.
Actionable Data Products: Prioritize the generation of remote sensing data products that are directly usable for informed decision-making processes across various applications.
Real-Time Data Access: Ensure stakeholders, particularly farmers, have timely and direct access to remote sensing data, enabling prompt and effective responses to environmental and agricultural challenges.
Empowering Precision Agriculture: Enhance agricultural productivity and resource management by providing actionable insights through UAS-based remote sensing platforms designed to the needs of farming communities.
Advancing Data-Driven Solutions: Drive innovation in spatiotemporal mapping, integrating environmental observations with remote sensing data to support autonomous systems and situational awareness.
GNSS-T sensor on the SPOT, NASA-JPL SMAPVEX22 at Massachusetts and Millbrook New York.
YouTube Channel link: https://www.youtube.com/@mm_farhad
Md Mehedi Farhad, a graduate student in electrical and computer engineering from Bangladesh, stands on a chair to adjust equipment as he assists Electrical and Computer Engineering Assistant Professor Mehmet Kurum with a research project on MSU's intramural fields. Kurum is one of the lead faculty members for the Information Processing and Sensing (IMPRESS) Lab. Outfitted with an array of high-powered equipment, the lab conducts basic and applied research on the design, build and experimentation of sensing systems. In particular, the lab focuses on smartphone sensing in the emerging branch of "Signals of Opportunity," which aims to expand applications and capabilities of remote sensing.
Photo by: Logan Kirkland
NASA-JPL SMAPVEX22
SMAPVEX22: SMAP Calibration validation experiment at Massachusetts and Mill-brook New York IOP1 and IOP2 in May and July 2022.
Two intense observation periods (IOPs) are included in the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Validation Experiment (SMAPVEX) 2022 in the temperate forests of the northeastern US (Massachusetts and New York). Because a sizable portion of the U.S. and the world have non-uniform forest cover at the SMAP resolution scale, the IOPs aim to test the SMAP retrieval in both fully wooded and partially forested instances. Destructive sampling is often used to assess the opacity of the forest canopy, which is intrusive and labor-intensive in forest characterization. To measure vegetative opacity directly utilizing widely accessible Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals, we have instead developed a GNSS Transmissometry (GNSS-T) approach from a mobile platform (such as a helmet wearable and quadruped ground robot). The created system gathers two simultaneous GNSS readings, one in the unobstructed open sky area and the other under the forest canopy. The difference between the two can yield information on forest transmissivity (water content). That can be used to test the SMAP retrieval methods over wooded areas. In this study, we have processed SMAPVEX’s IOP-1 GNSS-T data at selected sites, including GPS, GLONASS, Beidou and Galileo satellites, and generated forest transmissivity and vegetation optical depth (VOD) heatmaps averaged to different angular bins at both SMAPVEX’22 locations.
Testing UAS-based GNSS-R in the Agricultural Field:
Investigates the feasibility of using smartphones to sense water in soil by using reflected GPS signals. Researchers conducted a series of experiments to test the accuracy of this method.
GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) Reflectometry (GNSS-R)
GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) Reflectometry (GNSS-R)
200th Flight
200th Flight
Test Flight of the Big bird
Test Flight of the Big bird
David Young (The Drone Expert) Preparing to Fly
On Field Data Collection
The Giant is ready to fly (Heavy Duty Drone)
L-Band Dual-Polarized Microwave Radiometer
Passive microwave remote sensing provides crucial information about the earth’s surface, which is greatly valuable for precision agriculture, water management, forestry, and other environmental fields. A field-scale high-resolution remote sensing data product is one of the essential criteria to meet for agricultural applications. With the recent development of reliable unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), airborne deployment of remote sensing sensors has become more widespread. To facilitate the study of field scale radiometric response of the earth’s surface with varying surface conditions (barren or vegetated), we developed a UAS-based dual H-pol (horizontal) and V-pol (vertical) polarized radiometer operating in L-band (1400-1427 MHz). The custom dual-polarized antenna acquires surface emission response through a software defined radio (SDR). This SDR-based system provides full control over the data acquisition parameters such as band-width, sampling frequency, and data size. As radio frequency interference (RFI) is one of the most important challenges in radiometric measurement, post-processing the full-band radiometer data is needed to identify and remove the RFI contaminated data from the measurement, representing accurate earth emission. In this design, we implemented near-real-time RFI detection onboard during the flight to accelerate the post-processing. The altitude and the speed of the UAS can be varied to achieve desired ground resolution for the measurement.
On-Body MW ANTENNA: Designed with CST Studio Suite 2017, Working in ISM band 2.45GHz (Presented in IEEE Conference, September 2018 at MIST, Bangladesh)
ISM Band Antenna working in 2.45GHz
ISM Band Antenna working in 2.45GHz
Antenna reflection coefficient
Antenna reflection coefficient
Far-Field 3D
Far-Field 3D
SAR calculation result for on body implementation
SAR calculation result for on body implementation
Metamaterial Structure
Metamaterial Structure designed with CST Studio suit to Enhance Antenna gain
A metamaterial (from the Greek word μετά meta, meaning "beyond") is a material engineered to have a property that is not found in nature. They are made from assemblies of multiple elements fashioned from composite materials such as metals or plastics. The materials are usually arranged in repeating patterns, at scales that are smaller than the wavelengths of the phenomena they influence. (Source wiki)
UWB Antenna designed with CST operating in ISM band 5.8GHz
(Last Updated on May, 2023)
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