AND, OR CIRCUITS

1️⃣ AND GATE

What is an AND Logic Circuit?

An AND logic circuit is a digital circuit that performs the AND logical operation.
👉 The output turns ON only when all inputs are ON.

If there are two inputs:

When both inputs = 1 ➜ Output = 1
Any other combination ➜ Output = 0

📌 Simple example:
It works like a light that turns on only when two switches are pressed at the same time.

The components used in this circuit are:

Two BC547 transistors
Two 220 Ω resistors
One 5 kΩ resistor
One 450 Ω resistor
Two 10 kΩ resistors
Two switches
Three LEDs

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

This is the circuit diagram that we will implement in real life.

This is the circuit representation on Tinkercad for better visualization.

RESULT:

This is the circuit after the connections are completed, before powering it on and switching the inputs.

In this image, we turned off the first switch and turned on the second one, yet the red LED remains off

And this is the image when we turn on only one switch: one LED lights up while the other two remain off, because both switches need to be on for the third LED to operate

VID_20260220_141914.mp4

In this VEDIO, we turned on all the switches to see the result, YOU CAN SHOW THE RESULT.

2️⃣OR GATE

What is an OR Logic Circuit?
An OR logic circuit is a digital circuit that performs the OR logical operation.
👉 The output turns ON when any input is ON.

If there are two inputs:
When one input = 1 ➜ Output = 1
When both inputs = 1 ➜ Output = 1
Only when both inputs = 0 ➜ Output = 0

📌 Simple example:
It works like a light that turns on when any one of two switches is pressed.

The components used in this circuit are:

Two BC547 transistors
Two 220 Ω resistors
One 5 kΩ resistor
One 450 Ω resistor
Two 10 kΩ resistors
Two switches
Three LEDs

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

This is the circuit diagram that we will implement in real life.

This is the circuit representation on Tinkercad for better visualization.

RESULT:

VID_20260220_231525.mp4

The result is that when we press the first button, the red LED lights up. ✨

When we pressed the second button as well, the red LED also lit up. ✨

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