LESSON 2

Classification of Drugs: Hallucinogens and Inhalant Drugs

Hallucinogens are a class of drugs that alter perception, mood, and consciousness, often leading to profound sensory experiences, including hallucinations. These drugs can affect various neurotransmitter systems in the brain, particularly serotonin, and typically induce visual, auditory, or tactile distortions or hallucinations. Hallucinogens encompass a diverse range of substances, including naturally occurring psychedelics, synthetic drugs, and dissociative anesthetics. Some common hallucinogens include:

LSD (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide):

LSD is a synthetic compound derived from ergot fungus.
It is one of the most potent hallucinogenic substances known, with effects that can last up to 12 hours.
LSD typically induces visual and auditory hallucinations, changes in perception of time and space, and profound alterations in mood and thought.

Psilocybin (Magic Mushrooms):

Psilocybin is a naturally occurring compound found in certain species of mushrooms, often referred to as "magic mushrooms."
When ingested, psilocybin is converted to psilocin, which interacts with serotonin receptors in the brain.
Psilocybin produces effects similar to LSD, including hallucinations, alterations in perception, and changes in mood and cognition.

DMT (Dimethyltryptamine):

DMT is a naturally occurring compound found in plants, as well as in small amounts in the human brain.
It is often consumed in the form of ayahuasca, a psychoactive brew used in traditional Amazonian shamanic rituals.
DMT produces intense visual and auditory hallucinations, ego dissolution, and profound spiritual experiences, often described as "breaking through" to alternate realities.

Mescaline:

Mescaline is a naturally occurring alkaloid found in certain cactus species, most notably peyote and San Pedro.
It has a long history of use in indigenous cultures for religious and spiritual purposes.
Mescaline induces visual hallucinations, euphoria, altered perception of time and space, and heightened emotional sensitivity.

Ketamine:

Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic that was originally developed for medical use but is also used recreationally.
At lower doses, ketamine can induce hallucinations, sensory distortions, and dissociation from the body and environment.
It is sometimes used in clinical settings for treating depression and other mental health disorders.

PCP (Phencyclidine):

PCP is a synthetic dissociative drug with hallucinogenic properties.
It can induce profound alterations in perception, mood, and consciousness, often leading to feelings of detachment from reality.
PCP is associated with a range of dangerous side effects and potential for addiction.

Marijuana:

While not typically classified as a classic hallucinogen, marijuana can produce mild hallucinogenic effects, especially at higher doses or with certain strains high in THC (tetrahydrocannabinol).
Marijuana can cause perceptual alterations, such as enhanced colors, intensified sensory experiences, and distorted perception of time.
It can also induce mild visual and auditory hallucinations, particularly in susceptible individuals or under certain conditions.

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