Research & Innovation

A groundbreaking research project is currently underway to explore the socio-ecological outcomes of restoration in dryland forest-grassland landscapes, focusing on the complex interactions among biophysical, socioeconomic, and institutional dimensions. This study seeks to uncover how these interconnected factors influence the success and sustainability of restoration efforts, with the ultimate goal of developing practices that support both ecosystem health and the wellbeing of local communities.

Dryland landscapes are uniquely vulnerable to environmental degradation due to climate variability, land-use pressures, and resource scarcity. Restoration in these environments requires a nuanced understanding that goes beyond ecological processes alone; it must also consider human livelihoods, governance systems, and social dynamics. The new research therefore adopts an integrated approach to assess how physical conditions, community dynamics, and policy frameworks work together to shape restoration outcomes.

The research team features a distinguished collaboration of academic institutions, including the University of Minnesota, Duke University, Penn State University, the University of the Witwatersrand, and Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR). Key members include Aubrey Banda from Malawi College of Forestry and Wildlife, known for his expertise in carbon cycling and ecological research. His extensive experience, gained through collaborations across multiple institutions, is critical in understanding ecosystem carbon balance and restoration ecology in dryland environments.

Other prominent researchers involved include Dr. Judith Kamoto and who bring expertise in socioecological systems and environmental governance. From the University of the Witwatersrand Professor Wayne Twine, Duke University Dr. Tong Qui, and Penn State University Professor Erica Smithwick  contribute their deep knowledge of landscape ecology and social-ecological research. The team is further strengthened by the participation of Ida Djenontin from Penn State University, whose work focuses on bridging institutional frameworks with local community engagement in restoration efforts.

Aubrey Banda’s work on carbon dynamics complements the team’s multidisciplinary approach, providing insights into how restoration activities influence carbon storage, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning. The integration of social, economic, and institutional research headed by colleagues across partner universities ensures a comprehensive understanding of the factors shaping restoration outcomes.

The project investigates not only ecological conditions but also socioeconomic factors such as land use practices, economic livelihoods, and community involvement. Institutional roles, including policy environments and governance structures, are examined to identify strengths and barriers in promoting restoration success. By combining these perspectives, the study aims to deliver actionable recommendations for policymakers, land managers, and local stakeholders.

Ultimately, this collaborative research will advance knowledge on effective restoration strategies customized for dryland forest-grassland systems in Malawi and beyond. The project represents a robust international partnership dedicated to fostering sustainable environmental management and community resilience in the face of climate and land degradation challenges.