Arduino

Arduino is an open-source physical computing platform designed to make experimenting with electronics more fun and intuitive. Arduino has its own unique, simplified programming language, a vast support network, and thousands of potential uses, making it the perfect platform for both beginner and advanced DIY enthusiasts.

Circuit 1: Blinking Light

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The LED is blinking, toggling on/off once every second.

Full Code:

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Important part:

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Code Explanations:

digitalWrite - (port number, voltage output);

controls the amount of voltage coming out of a port and the port to which that voltage is sent.

HIGH means full voltage is being sent which in this case is 5 volts

LOW means no voltage is being sent

delay - (how long the delay is in milliseconds);

controls how long it takes to move to the next line of code.

Process

We changed the code to make the on time for the LED last only 1/10th of a second.

Changes:

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We changed the first delay to 50 which means the light is only on for 50 milliseconds before it moves to the next line of the code, which is to turn the LED off.

Circuit 2: Potentiometer

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The potentiometer (the dial) changes the speed of the blink for the LED.

Full Code:

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Important Part:

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Code Explanation:

Similar idea as circuit one, but instead, the delay is set to the value provided by the potentiometer.

Process

How does the potentiometer work?

As you twist the potentiometer, the amount of resistance allowed through either increases or decreases. To make the LED blink faster, we reduced the resistance using the potentiometer, allowing more voltage, and causing the light to blink faster.

Circuit 3: RGB LED

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The LED goes though the colors, first fading between them, then changing instantly.

Full Code:

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Important Part:

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Explanation:

Inside the LED are three different LEDs each for a different color - Red, Blue, and Green. By controlling the voltage that goes to the individual LEDs inside we can make only certain colors come on at a time. We can also mix the three colors to make the whole color wheel.

A normal LED has two wires, a positive that provides the voltage, and a negative to complete the circuit. This LED has four wires. Three positives go to each of the small LEDs inside, and one negative to complete the circuit for all.

Circuit 4: Multiple LEDs

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Pattern 1:

Full Code:

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Important Parts:

Controls the actual LEDs

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Determines the pattern the LEDs will follow

Process

Pattern 2:

Changes:

Pattern 3:

Changes:

Circuit 5: Push Buttons

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The buttons control the state of the light. When either button is pressed, the light turns on. When both are pressed they cancel each other out and the light turns off.

Full Code:

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Important Part:

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Explanation:

The buttons control the voltage getting to the LED.

Circuit 6: Photo Resistor

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The brightness of the LED is determined by the amount of light hitting the photosensor. We used the green container to cover the sensor in order to brighten the light.

Full Code:

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Important Part:

Pros

-Adapts well to the specific light level

-Good for indoor areas or any other area that has smaller fluctuations in brightness levels

Cons

-Never completely turns off and thus uses much more energy

Process

The LED settings are changed to be completely off in the light and full bright in the dark.

Changes:

Pros

-Saves energy by being completely off when the light is not needed.

-Good for outdoor lights, that should be off in the day and on in the night.

Cons

-Much larger possible range for light which means its less exact.

Circuit 7: Temperature Sensor

Full Code:

Process

The LED is set to turn on once the sensor senses a temperature over 75 Fahrenheit. I used my finger to warm up the sensor.

Circuit 8: A Single Servo

Full Code:

Process

We changed the settings on the servo to decrease the delay between turns and the turns it makes. It starts at 180 orientation, then 0, then back to 180.

Changes:

Circuit 9: Buzzer

circuit9.mp4

Basic song that was in the code for the piezo element.

The Code:

Process

circuit9-alteration.mp4

Tried to make "We Will Rock You" with the piezo

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