Building stones are one of the most widely used and common building materials that have been used since the past until today. In the past, people used stone to build houses and the importance of this material was higher than metal.
Currently, with the advancement of science and technology, stone extraction has become easier and its use in the construction industry as well as building stonework has increased significantly.
Building stones have unique capabilities that cannot be compared with other building materials. Among their features are very high durability and resistance, good polishability, high abrasion and impact resistance, cutting and polishing ability, washing ability, color stability, resistance to heat and humidity, good tensile and bending resistance. Impenetrability, resistance to weather changes, hardness and high compressive strength, stability against acid and alkali substances, etc.
Iran's share in the world natural stone market is on average up to 15% per year. Iran ranks fourth in the world ranking of construction and decorative stones, but it ranks first in the world in terms of quality, color and variety of construction stones.
Foreign experts evaluate Iranian stone as one of the highest quality natural stones. Iranian factories continue to export finished products made of natural soft stone. The major part of the export of Iran's ready-made stone products is related to tiles, slabs, and travertine.
Iran's export volume exceeds 10 million square meters per year. Of course, other stones are also exported in smaller quantities. In addition, special attention should be paid to the onyx stone of Iran, which has been in demand since the past. Onyx is widely used, including tiles, slabs and decorative products, fireplaces and bathtubs.
Iran produces, processes and exports marble, granite, travertine and marble. These building stones are among the highest quality and most diverse natural stones in the world.
The most important construction stone mines in Iran include 44% marble, 25% porcelain stone, 20% granite, 10% travertine and about 2% marble. The pole of Iran's stone production is Isfahan province, which has the most stones and the most variety of stones.
Building stone is used to cover the inner wall of the building, facade, road infrastructure, wall and foundation, street floor and sidewalk and various decorations. The materials made from stones and their uses are different, each of them has its own characteristics according to the characteristics of the stone. The most common building stones are:
Granite
Marble
Travertin
Granite is one of the most widely used types of stone in the building, which is used in floors, walls, and stairs. This type of stone has a texture with medium to coarse grains and the minerals in it are found in various colors from pink to deep gray and even black. Granite is one of the heaviest stones and has great strength and resistance and has been found in cities such as Hamedan, Mashhad, Natanz, Gilan, Nehbandan, Yazd, Zanjan, Khormadreh, Tus and others.
It is worth noting that this stone can not only play an important role in strengthening the building, but because of the variety of colors, it is also used as an element to decorate various buildings. In addition to being widely used in the country, granite is considered one of the most important export stones of Iran.
The advantages of granite stone are its strength and resistance, high resistance to water and chemicals, beauty and uniform surface: unlike travertine, these stones have a completely uniform surface. Colors of granite stones can be divided into the following four categories:
Chocolate granites (elephant color and beige chocolate color), Zanjan spring chocolate granite and Khormadreh chocolate granite stone, black granite, Alamut black granite, Toisarkan black granite, Yazd red granite, Tusi granite (light gray), Natanz granite, Nehbandan granite, and Mashhad pearl granite
The price of granite, like other building stones, depends on several factors. The most important pricing factors for stones are:
Stone quality and analysis: The most important parameter of stone quality is its physical and chemical analysis. The closer the analysis of the granite stone is to the desired level, the higher the quality and the higher the price. Stone diameter and dimensions: Sometimes granite stones are cut with different thicknesses depending on the type of application. For example, the thickness of the face stone for scoping is different from the thickness of the floor stone. Also, the size of the stone plays a decisive role in determining the price of the stone. Slab stone is always more expensive than tile stone. Accurate stone sorting: Granite stones are sorted after the sub and stone cutting stage. Unblemished and uniform granite stones have a higher price. Type of stone processing: The type of stone processing plays a decisive role in the price of granite stone. The precision in cutting and smoothness of the stone, the amount of sub and polishing of the stone will affect its price. Disadvantages of granite stones are relatively high price, harmful radiation for the human body, high weight and low adhesion, lack of insulation for sound and heat.
This stone has been transformed from the category of limestones, and because of the less porosity they have compared to travertine stones, they have more relative resistance and weight, and they have less resistance and weight than granite stones.
The characteristics of marble stone due to the many mines inside Iran, marble stone can be found with a reasonable price and a lot of variety. In most marbles, you will see the design of many lines, which cannot be touched and felt in any way, and this has made it more beautiful.
Marble is one of the most similar stones to travertine, and the way to distinguish them for non-specialists is from the back of the stone (behind the eroded part).
The total number of marble mines in the country is about 652 mines, of which the largest share with 163 mines belongs to Isfahan province. Fars province with 76, Razavi Khorasan with 67 and Kurdistan with 51 mines are in the next ranks.
According to the distribution map of the mines, the marble poles can be considered as the center, south, northeast and west of Iran. Also, Fars province has the highest rank in the country in terms of the quality of marble stone, and most of the marble stones of this province are directly purchased by foreign merchants and transferred abroad for processing.
The advantages of marble, the beauty and variety of colors and surface design are almost uniform and more uniform than travertine, reasonable price, resistant to alkaline conditions.
Marble is a metamorphic rock formed by the metamorphosis of limestone. This mineral has large and specific crystals or in the form of granular masses, the most obvious characteristic of which is high purity and transparency (unlike marble). For this reason, the price of this stone is higher than other stones and they also have very high beauty, polish and transparency.
Marble is the best and most expensive construction and decorative stone in the world, which is available in various natural colors and designs in Iranian mines. Because of its unique beauty and high quality, marble is generally cut into large slabs and most of it is exported to other countries.
The salient features of marble are solubility, resistance, hardness, strength, color, texture, and porosity
The hardness of marble stones is 3 to 4. Needless to say, quartz marbles are harder than calcite marbles.
Marble can be considered one of the best-selling stones. Most limestones have a low resistance to weather conditions, and marble stones are no exception to this in most types. If marble has the most resistance, it will have less veins, and that's why it should be bought. Stones with less veins can be the most suitable choice.
The price of marble stone depends on many factors and it is not possible to consider an exact price for it. The price of marble stones with less streaks will be higher than other types (such as Dehbid stone) and when buying, it is better to choose samples that have less streaks. Because in this case, the resistance of the stone will also increase.
Travertine is one of the sedimentary rocks formed from the deposits of hot springs. This stone has a very beautiful appearance and is used as an ornamental stone and facade of residential and office buildings and is one of the most popular and well-known stones around the world.
Currently, there are 52 active travertine mines in the country, and 24 active mines are covered by the Association of Stone Mine Owners. The largest travertine deposits in the Middle East are located in Mahalat, one of the provinces of Central Province, and this city, as a center of stone production, produces 50% of the total travertine mineral in Iran.
Abbas Abad travertine stone is one of the best types of these stones. This stone is relatively abundant in Iran in terms of the presence of mines and its extent, and it can be seen in different colors and designs. According to the cutting direction, travertine is available in two general types, wavy and non-wave. The most variety of this stone is semi-transparent and its transparent and shiny types are very rare.
Travertine stone is found in white, chocolate, light and dark cream, yellow, red, and lemon colors in nature and can be produced in brown and black colors in the stone industry. Travertine consists of many holes and pores and acts as an excellent insulator against sounds and heat.
The use of this stone as the exterior of buildings has many fans, and one of the main reasons for this is the high resistance and strength of this stone against heat, wind and heavy rains.
Among the travertine mines in Iran, we can mention Abbas Abad, Haji Abad, Azar Shahr, Dere Bukhari, Abyaneh, Kashan, Esk, Bukan, Tarshab, Takab, Tafarsh, Miandoab, Vangog Hamedan, Zanjan, etc.
One of the main and most significant advantages of buying travertine stone is its availability and very reasonable price.
The external surface of this stone is highly resistant to extreme cold and will not crack, crumble or fall.
Due to keeping cold and cool in its surface layer, this stone is a unique choice to cover the interior of large and small pools and relatively warm places.
Porosity and many holes in the surface of this stone have led to its use as a covering of floors and corridors.
It is very resistant to wear, discoloration, chipping and breaking and has a lot of strength.
It has a very beautiful appearance.
The purchase prices of this type of stone are relatively low and affordable and are influenced by factors such as the presence of waves in the stone, the color of the stone, the quality and analysis of the stone, the quality grade of the stone, the porosity of the stone, the diameter and dimensions of the stone, the type of stone processing and its cutting. It is priced. The brighter and more transparent the travertine color is, the higher its price will be. White and streaked travertines are among the most valuable and expensive types available in the market, and Abbas Abad travertine is one of the most popular stone mines for this reason.
Sange Derakhshan Group of Mines and Factories, located in Fars Province, Iran, is able to supply all kinds of travertine and marble stones up to ten thousand tons per month in the form of coup or cut stones. Our stones have the highest quality and the highest variety. We are able to supply the needs of customers in any tonnage in the fastest possible time and at the most appropriate price. Our company is able to supply all kinds of colored stones.