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WHAT ARE CITATIONS?
Citations are reference credits given when texts, images, ideas, words, and anything else belonging to someone else is used by another person. In academic works, citations are usually made twice, once briefly immediately after the initial reference and again more thoroughly at the end of the work.
CITATION STYLE BY SUBJECT
For guidance on which citation style suits which subjects, visit: "Which Style Should I Use?", University Library, American University.
IB CITING AND REFERENCING GUIDANCE
Properly citing sources and influences is a vital part of academic scholarship and intellectual exchange. It is merit-worthy; showing that the author has carried out proper research and thought carefully about their work. Accurate referencing shows that the author is able to draw their own conclusions.
Citation and referencing:
shows respect for the work of others
helps distinguish the author’s work from the work of others who have contributed
gives the opportunity to check the validity of the use of other people’s work
gives the opportunity to follow up references, out of interest
gives proper credit to the research process
demonstrates the ability to use reliable sources and critically assess them to support work
establishes the credibility and authority of knowledge and ideas
attributes ownership if the author’s ideas or conclusions are incorrect
enables everyone to draw their own conclusions about a work
establishes the academic credibility of the author
For detailed guidance about IB guidlines, IB teachers and students are to consult the IB's Effective Citing and Referencing document.
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