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Line defects (also called dislocations) are one-dimensional (1D) imperfections in the crystal structure of a material. They represent a misalignment of atoms along a line within the crystal lattice.
These defects are crucial because they play a key role in plastic deformation—they allow materials, especially metals, to bend or stretch rather than break.
🔹 Types of Line Defects (Dislocations)
🔹 Types of Line Defects (Dislocations)
1. Edge Dislocation
1. Edge Dislocation
Picture an extra half-plane of atoms inserted into the crystal.
The line defect is along the edge of that plane.
Causes distortion around the edge, like a bulge in the atomic structure.
🧭 Burgers vector (a measure of lattice distortion) is perpendicular to the dislocation line.
2. Screw Dislocation
2. Screw Dislocation
The atomic planes are sheared, forming a spiral or "screw" shape around the dislocation line.
Imagine cutting partway through a block and twisting one side.
🧭 Burgers vector is parallel to the dislocation line.
3. Mixed Dislocation
3. Mixed Dislocation
Most real dislocations are mixed, with both edge and screw characteristics.
Different sections of the same dislocation line may behave differently.
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