Per professional style standards, Bitcoin is spelled with a capital "B" when referring to the cryptocurrency as a concept and as a network. It is spelled with a small "b" when referring to the cryptocurrency itself/individual tokens.
Only 1 megabyte of transaction data can fit into a single Bitcoin block. The 1MB limit was set by the creators. This limit has become controversial because some miners believe the block size should increase to accommodate more data, which would effectively mean that the Bitcoin network could process and verify transactions more quickly.
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Most pools use a payout system based on how much work you contribute. For instance, if you have a GPU providing 121 mega (million) hashes per second and the pool has a total hash rate of 121 exa (quintillion) hashes per second, your reward, based on the shares of work you contributed, would be very small.
You can still receive rewards by joining a mining pool. But because the reward halves over time and you're competing with businesses that specialize in mining, the chance for profit continue to decline.
It depends on your mining setup and the costs you've incurred to begin mining. It can take years to recoup your costs and start making a profit. However, if you're not worried about costs and profit but only about what you'll get per day, a modern high-end gaming PC mining with a pool can generate about $1 per day before considering electricity and other costs.
To begin mining Bitcoin, you need to join a mining pool and install a mining client. Some pools have their own mining software; others only provide instructions on how to connect one of several mining clients. Mining pools share rewards based on the amount of work contributed, so the faster your computer or mining machine is, the more you'll receive. You can mine solo, but your chances of ever being rewarded are minuscule at best.
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Bitcoin mining is the process of creating new bitcoins by solving extremely complicated math problems that verify transactions in the currency. When a bitcoin is successfully mined, the miner receives a predetermined amount of bitcoin.
Bitcoin is one of the most popular types of cryptocurrencies, which are digital mediums of exchange that exist solely online. Bitcoin runs on a decentralized computer network or distributed ledger that tracks transactions in the cryptocurrency. When computers on the network verify and process transactions, new bitcoins are created, or mined. These networked computers, or miners, process the transaction in exchange for a payment in Bitcoin.
Bitcoin is powered by blockchain, which is the technology that powers many cryptocurrencies. A blockchain is a decentralized ledger of all the transactions across a network. Groups of approved transactions together form a block and are joined to create a chain. Think of it as a long public record that functions almost like a long running receipt. Bitcoin mining is the process of adding a block to the chain.
In order to successfully add a block, Bitcoin miners compete to solve extremely complex math problems that require the use of expensive computers and enormous amounts of electricity. To complete the mining process, miners must be first to arrive at the correct or closest answer to the question. The process of guessing the correct number (hash) is known as proof of work. Miners guess the target hash by randomly making as many guesses as quickly as they can, which requires major computing power. The difficulty only increases as more miners join the network.
The computer hardware required is known as application-specific integrated circuits, or ASICs, and can cost up to $10,000. ASICs consume huge amounts of electricity, which has drawn criticism from environmental groups and limits the profitability of miners.
Bitcoin is the most well-known cryptocurrency. Other cryptocurrencies include: Bitcoincash, Ripple, and Litecoin. There are hundreds of other, lesser-known, cryptocurrencies currently in use throughout the world.
In this guidance, we address the taxability of bitcoin related activities. Information in this guidance may be relevant for addressing other cryptocurrency business activities, depending on the facts in each case. However, please note that other forms of cryptocurrency may have different features that may lead to different tax results, and thus businesses should be aware that the Department will review other cryptocurrencies based on the facts applicable to those cryptocurrencies.
Examples included in this guidance identify a number of facts and then state a general conclusion; they should be used only as a general guide. The tax consequences of all situations must be determined after a review of all the facts and circumstances.
Taxpayers are responsible for retaining appropriate documentation pursuant to WAC 458-20-254 and RCW 82.32.070. Guidance on appropriate documentation for transactions involving bitcoin is discussed below.
The examples below solely address situations where bitcoin is tendered in an amount equal to the amount invoiced for goods or services and the related retail sales tax. This guidance does not address situations where sellers accept payment in bitcoin that is greater or less than the amount invoiced for goods or services and the related retail sales tax. In these latter situations, taxpayers are encouraged to contact the Department for additional guidance.
In cases where a seller immediately converts bitcoin received from a buyer to US dollars, tax is computed on the converted amount. Sellers must retain documentation indicating the time of sale, the value of the converted amount (sale), and documentation of the transaction. Suitable documentation may include:
In cases where a seller does not immediately convert bitcoin received from a buyer to US dollars, the measure of the tax is value of bitcoin, expressed in US dollars, as of the date of sale. This value may be determined via a reliable cryptocurrency pricing index.3 Retail sales tax and retailing B&O tax is computed on this value. Sellers must retain documentation indicating the time of sale, the value of the bitcoin amount (sale), and documentation of the transaction. Suitable documentation may include:
The block awards and transaction fees are gross income from activities subject to the service and other activities B&O tax classification because they fall into no other specific B&O tax classification. RCW 82.04.290.
The measure of the tax is determined by the value of the bitcoin at the time it is obtained by the miner; this is the case for transaction fees and block rewards. Miners are required to retain documentation of this value in accordance with WAC 458-20-254 and RCW 82.32.070. Bitcoin miners must retain documentation indicating the date bitcoin is received and the value of the related gross income. Suitable documentation may include:
A B&O tax deduction is provided for amounts derived from investments (RCW 82.04.4281). Generally, individuals (i.e. non-business) who buy and sell bitcoin as an instrument of investment are not subject to Washington taxes on their gains.
Most people think of crypto mining simply as a way of creating new coins. Crypto mining, however, also involves validating cryptocurrency transactions on a blockchain network and adding them to a distributed ledger. Most importantly, crypto mining prevents the double-spending of digital currency on a distributed network.
Meanwhile, new coins are generated to reward miners for their work in securing the network. Since distributed ledgers lack a centralized authority, the mining process is crucial for validating transactions. Miners are, therefore, incentivized to secure the network by participating in the transaction validation process that increases their chances of winning newly minted coins.
In order to ensure that only verified crypto miners can mine and validate transactions, a proof-of-work (PoW) consensus protocol has been put into place. PoW also secures the network from any external attacks.
Crypto mining is somewhat similar to mining precious metals. While miners of precious metals will unearth gold, silver, or diamonds, crypto miners will trigger the release of new coins into circulation. For miners to be rewarded with new coins, they need to deploy machines that solve complex mathematical equations in the form of cryptographic hashes. A hash is a truncated digital signature of a chunk of data. Hashes are generated to secure data transferred on a public network. Miners compete with their peers to zero in on a hash value generated by a crypto coin transaction, and the first miner to crack the code gets to add the block to the ledger and receive the reward. 152ee80cbc
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