Theories and Definitions

Note: If any of these are really off, please let me know, I am still a student and still learning! Some of these are really pared down and are mostly just to remind me of theories that I think are valuable.

A deficit in one or more of these 7 skills:

  1. Self-awareness: Self-directed attention.
  2. Inhibition: Self-restraint.
  3. Non-Verbal Working Memory: The ability to hold things in your mind. Essentially, visual imagery — how well you can picture things mentally.
  4. Verbal Working Memory: Self-speech, or internal speech. Most people think of this as their “inner monologue.”
  5. Emotional Self-Regulation: The ability to take the previous four executive functions and use them to manipulate your own emotional state. This means learning to use words, images, and your own self-awareness to process and alter how we feel about things.
  6. Self-motivation: How well you can motivate yourself to complete a task when there is no immediate external consequence.
  7. Planning and Problem Solving: Experts sometimes like to think of this as “self-play” — how we play with information in our minds to come up with new ways of doing something. By taking things apart and recombining them in different ways, we’re planning solutions to our problems.

Autonomy - the need to control the course of our lives

Belonging/Relatedness - the need to fit in / the need to have a close, affectionate relationship with others

Competence - the need to be effective in dealing with environment / challenges

The experience of autonomy, belonging, and competence/relatedness fosters volition, motivation, and engagement which results in enhanced performance, persistence, and creativity

The point in working on something where nothing else in the room matters, time speeds up, and you are in the zone.

Also known as, "Wait, it's that time already?"

Flow state can be disrupted severely in as little as 1-2 minutes of distraction

Auto - self

Telic - goal

Autotelic - finding joy in accomplishing the goals that you set for yourself

Shoshin - release or absence of preconceptions, a general sense of optimism, and an attitude of viewing everything with fresh eyes

Fudoushin - being well versed in the art of taking a deep breath and letting stress go; staying calmly resolute

Mushin - flow state; free from emotions and thoughts; the ability to act without planning; living in the current moment

Zanshin - being present; a general and constant state of relaxed awareness or perceptiveness of surroundings and situations

Primarily Copied from a PowerPoint Slide shown to me by Dr. Ross Maciejewski at ASU's VADER Lab

There [are] domains where human background knowledge is essential and where a lot of tacit knowledge which is difficult to represent in an algorithm plays a role. In such a case the human-in-the-loop approach may yield much better results. [1]

Visualization for Trust

Studies report that forecasters may desire to adjust algorithmic outputs to gain a sense of ownership of the forecasts due to a lack of trust in statistical models. [2]

Visualization and Learning - Typically that type of system means that the user will have some interactions that change a model, whether directly or indirectly. Getting engagement like that may really change the landscape of participation. It chances the idea of accuracy that you can test because they accuracy will evolve based on the human.

How can we measure the knowledge integration? What is the baseline when truly doing human-in-the-loop?

[1] Research has shown that domain expertise diminished people's reliance on algorithmic forecasts which led to a worse performance. (Hal R Arkes, Robyn M Dawes, Caryn Christensen. 1986. Factors Influencing the Use of a Decision Rule in a Probabilistic Task. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 37(1):93-110)

[2] Berkeley J. Dietvorst, Joseph P Simmons, and Cade Massey. 2016. Overcoming Algorithm Aversion: People Will Use Imperfect Algorithms If THey Can (Even Slightly ) Modify Them. Management Science.

Visualization and Learning

Typically that type of system means that the user will have some interactions that change a model, whether directly or indirectly. Getting engagement like that may really change the landscape of participation. It chances the idea of accuracy that you can test because they accuracy will evolve based on the human.

How can we measure the knowledge integration? What is the baseline when truly doing human-in-the-loop?

[1] Research has shown that domain expertise diminished people's reliance on algorithmic forecasts which led to a worse performance. (Hal R Arkes, Robyn M Dawes, Caryn Christensen. 1986. Factors Influencing the Use of a Decision Rule in a Probabilistic Task. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 37(1):93-110)

[2] Berkeley J. Dietvorst, Joseph P Simmons, and Cade Massey. 2016. Overcoming Algorithm Aversion: People Will Use Imperfect Algorithms If THey Can (Even Slightly ) Modify Them. Management Science.