Research and Projects

Abstract :  This study presents the design, implementation, and statistical validation of a True Random Number Generator (TRNG) utilizing Voltage-Controlled Magnetic Anisotropy (VCMA)-based Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (MTJs), coupled with a Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR). Several designs were evaluated to optimize random bit quality and eliminate bias. Modern cryptographic systems, secure communication protocols, and stochastic computing require high-quality random numbers for security and efficiency. Spintronic based TRNGs offer a promising alternative to conventional semiconductor-based solutions due to their low-power operation, high-speed performance, and intrinsic stochasticity. We begin by analyzing a Verilog-A MTJ model incorporating the VCMA effect, where electric-field-induced magnetization switching replaces traditional Spin-Transfer Torque (STT)-based switching, significantly reducing power consumption while maintaining reliable bit generation. The MTJ’s magnetization dynamics are governed by the Landau Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation, and simulations explore switching behavior under varying pulse widths, voltage levels, and device dimensions. The results indicate that changes in the width and length of the MTJ introduce additional randomness while preserving stable switching dynamics. To enhance entropy, we implement a dual MTJ XOR configuration, ensuring a balanced bit distribution. Further, we optimize the TRNG by incorporating a majority function using feedback from registers to reduce bit bias dynamically. This modification significantly improves the randomness quality, allowing the system to successfully pass the NIST SP 800-22 statistical test suite. The final design ensures a high-speed and energy-efficient solution, achieving a latency of 2 ns per bit and an energy consumption of approximately 20-22 fJ/bit. This research highlights the potential of VCMA-MTJ-based TRNGs as a next-generation solution for energy-efficient, high-speed random number generation. The findings contribute to the development of scalable, power-efficient, and CMOS-compatible TRNGs for secure computing, hardware security modules, and neuromorphic computing. Future work will focus on hardware prototyping and real-time validation for ultra-low-power crypto graphic applications  

•  12 Bit Shifter 

Software project : Writing verilog code, layered testbench, synthesis and physical design with optimization of the whole project 

• Voltage Controlled Phase Shifter

Design and implementation of phase shifter circuit along with its auxiliary subcircuits like two-stage opamp and voltage controlled resistor using gpdk45 library

• Vehicle Tracking System

Hardware project : Built tracking system which can track the location of the vehicle and send it to a connected mobile phone and also can notify about overspeed using arduino, GPS and GSM module 

• Eco-Friendly Autonomous Medical Equipment Transporter

Hardware project : Developed an eco-friendly autonomous medical equipment transporter utilizing solar power and biodegradable materials to navigate user-selected paths in medical centers. (using arduino mega, compass sensor, speed sensor, motor controller etc.) 

• Four way Smart Traffic Control System with Pedestrian movement

Hardware project : Modelling of smart traffic system of four-way four-lane road along with pedestrian crossing has been implemented using PWM generator, ring counters, and logic gates. 

• Single Phase Variable Frequency Drive For Motor Speed Control

Hardware project : Controlling the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying its input frequency using push pull inverter, pwm generation and controller IC : CD4047

• 3 phase Circuit Analyzer

Software project : Designed an interactive app for both balanced and unbalanced -phase systems. This app let user select specific configuration(delta-delta, wye-delta, delta-wye or wye-wye) and input source voltages and impedances and then calculated line currents, phase currents, voltages, total power, real power, reactive power, and power factor, displaying results in the output window. 

• Electrical Services Design Project

Designed the ground and typical floor plans for a 5-storey, six-unit building, including fittings and fixtures, conduit layout, switchboard and distribution board diagrams, substation layout and a lightning protection system (LPS).