Working Papers
“Pension Reform and Labor Supply: Retention and Productivity under a Pension Cut” (with Andrew C. Johnston and James R. Harrington), 2025.
Research Publications
“Causes and Consequences of Test Score Manipulation: Evidence from the New York Regents Examinations” (with Thomas S. Dee, Will Dobbie, and Brian A. Jacob), American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2019.
“Teacher Applicant Hiring and Teacher Performance: Evidence from DC Public Schools” (with Brian A. Jacob, Eric S. Taylor, Benjamin Lindy, and Rachel Rosen), Journal of Public Economics, 2018.
“Measuring the Impacts of Teachers: Reply to Rothstein” (with Raj Chetty and John N. Friedman), American Economic Review, 2017.
“Using Lagged Outcomes to Evaluate Bias in Value-Added Models” (with Raj Chetty and John N. Friedman), American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings, 2016.
“Fifty Ways to Leave a Child Behind: Idiosyncrasies and Discrepancies in States’ Implementation of NCLB” (with Elizabeth Davidson, Randall Reback, and Heather L. Schwartz), Educational Researcher, 2015.
“Value-Added Modeling: A Review” (with Cory Koedel and Kata Mihaly), Economics of Education Review, 2015.
“Measuring the Impacts of Teachers I: Evaluating Bias in Teacher Value-Added Estimates” (with Raj Chetty and John N. Friedman), American Economic Review, 2014.
“Measuring the Impacts of Teachers II: Teacher Value-Added and Student Outcomes in Adulthood” (with Raj Chetty and John N. Friedman), American Economic Review, 2014.
“Teacher Effects and Teacher-Related Policies” (with C. Kirabo Jackson and Douglas O. Staiger), Annual Review of Economics, 2014.
“Under Pressure: Job Security, Resource Allocation, and Productivity in Schools under NCLB” (with Randall Reback and Heather L. Schwartz), American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 2014.
“School Segregation, Educational Attainment, and Crime: Evidence from the End of Busing in Charlotte-Mecklenburg” (with Stephen Billings and David J. Deming), Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2014.
“Do Menstrual Problems Explain Gender Gaps in Absenteeism and Earnings? Evidence from the National Health Interview Survey” (with Mariesa A. Herrmann), Labour Economics, 2013.
“Information and Employee Evaluation: Evidence from a Randomized Intervention in Public Schools” (with Douglas O. Staiger, Thomas J. Kane, and Eric S. Taylor), American Economic Review, 2012.
“Worker Absence and Productivity: Evidence from Teaching” (with Mariesa A. Herrmann), Journal of Labor Economics, 2012.
“Does Menstruation Explain Gender Gaps in Work Absenteeism?” (with Mariesa A. Herrmann), Journal of Human Resources, 2012.
“Subjective and Objective Evaluations of Teacher Effectiveness: Evidence from New York City” (with Cecilia Speroni), Labour Economics, 2011.
“Do Sex Offender Registration and Notification Laws Affect Criminal Behavior?” (with James J. Prescott), Journal of Law and Economics, 2011.
“Can You Recognize an Effective Teacher When You Recruit One?” (with Brian A. Jacob, Thomas J. Kane, and Douglas O. Staiger), Education Finance and Policy, 2011.
“Stuck in the Middle: Impacts of Grade Configuration in Public Schools” (with Benjamin Lockwood), Journal of Public Economics, 2010.
“Short Run Impacts of Accountability on School Quality” (with Lesley J. Turner), American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 2010.
“Local Response to Fiscal Incentives in Heterogeneous Communities” Journal of Urban Economics, 2010.
“Searching for Effective Teachers with Imperfect Information” (with Douglas O. Staiger), Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2010.
“Field Experiments in Class Size from the Early Twentieth Century” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2009.
“What Does Certification Tell Us about Teacher Effectiveness? Evidence from New York City” (with Thomas J. Kane and Douglas O. Staiger), Economics of Education Review, 2008.
“The Narrowing Gap in New York City Teacher Qualifications and its Implications for Student Achievement in High-Poverty Schools” (with Donald Boyd, Hamilton Lankford, Susanna Loeb, and James Wyckoff), Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2008.
“Estimates of the Impact of Crime Risk on Property Values from Megan’s Laws” (with Leigh Linden), American Economic Review, 2008.
“The Impact of Individual Teachers on Student Achievement: Evidence from Panel Data” American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings, 2004.
Other Publications
“Discussion of the American Statistical Association’s Statement (2014) on Using Value-Added Models for Educational Assessment” (with Raj Chetty and John N. Friedman), Statistics and Public Policy, 2014.
“Great Teaching” (with Raj Chetty and John N. Friedman), Education Next, 2012.
“Organizing Schools to Improve Student Achievement: Start Times, Grade Configurations, and Teaching Assignments” (with Brian A. Jacob), The Hamilton Project, 2011.
“Moving Mountains in New York City: Joel Klein's Legacy by the Numbers” (with James S. Liebman), Education Week, 2010.
“Photo Finish: Which Teachers Are Better? Certification Status Isn’t Going to Tell Us” (with Thomas J. Kane and Douglas O. Staiger), Education Next, 2007.
“The Truth about Charter Schools: Findings from the City of Big Shoulders” (with Caroline M. Hoxby), Education Next, 2005.
Dormant Papers
“Does Repeating a Grade Make Students (and Parents) Happier? Regression Discontinuity Evidence from New York City” (with Tong Geng)
“School Principals and School Performance” (with Damon Clark and Francisco Martorell)
“The Impact of Charter Schools on Student Achievement” (with Caroline M. Hoxby)