Outreach

- The micro-interferometers consist of a single glass plate, covered with a chrome layer in order to maximize its opacity, that has been drilled with micron-sized holes by laser lithography. Typically, the holes present a diameter of approximately 10μm, and are located several tens of microns from each other to form various kinds of interferometric configurations (e.g., 2 holes, 3 holes, VLTI, CARLINA, ELSA, KEOPS, OVLA, ...).

small_interfer_v4.pdf

Fig 1. - Picture of a micro-interferometer plate in its mechanical support (left). This plate contains 49 different interferometric configurations that have been drilled by laser lithography. The plate and its support are mounted at the front of a classical digital camera (EOS5D II) kept by Jean Surdej (right picture) when obtaining interferometric image of the Sun in April 2010 (Fg.2).


In the framework of Astrophysics lectures being taught by prof. Jean Surdej at the Liège University, students observed the Sun with the micro-interferometric device. The main goal was to measure the angular diameter of the Sun. This experiment is ideal to get familiar with the notion of fringe visibility and to learn the main steps of interferometric data reduction (i.e., background subtraction and model fitting). Examples of observations obtained on the Sun are shown in Fig.2 for the 2-hole and ELSA configurations. Generally, the students have measured the diameter ofthe Sun within a precision of 10%.

Fig 2. - Left, First interferometric image of the Sun obtained in April 2010 by Jean Surdej at Saint Michel Observatory with a 2-hole configuration (baseline length of 29.4μm and hole diameter of 11.8μm). Right, Observation of the Sun with the ELSA configuration (main baseline length of 24μm and hole diameter of 7.2μm).

To discover that Nature has invented the principle of the photographic camera long before Man ...

- The formation of multiple images of a distant quasar by the gravitational lensing effects of a foreground galaxy may be very simply, and faithfully, accounted for by the wine glass experiment.


For didactical purposes, it is very useful to construct and use optical lenses that mimic the deflection of light rays...