Microsoft is making available Intel-validated microcode updates that are related to Spectre Variant 3a (CVE-2018-3640 | Rogue System Register Read (RSRE)), Spectre Variant 4 (CVE-2018-3639 | Speculative Store Bypass (SSB)), and L1TF (CVE-2018-3620 and CVE-2018-3646 | L1 Terminal Fault).
I haven't documented these updates since May 2019. Since that time Intel has released patches for several CPUs, but there can be collateral damage, like I discussed it at Windows 10 V1903: Sandbox fails with error 0xc0370106. Microsoft has documented the microcode updates for Windows 10 on this page.
Windows 10: Intel Microcode Updates (Juni 2019)
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Microsoft provides Intel-proven microcode updates related to Microarchitectural Data Sampling (CVE-2019-11091, CVE-2018-12126, CVE-2018-12127, CVE-2018-12130). The following table lists specific Knowledge Base articles by Windows version. Each article contains links to the available Intel microcode updates based on the CPU.
I got a Dell Inspiron 3580 core i7 with Windows 11 pro. I have done all the windows updates. Dell has a program called "dell update" that does driver and bios updates. I have done all of them as well. I have Virtualbox with a couple of Linux virtual machines. I know Virtualbox is not a Microsoft product and Linux is not a Microsoft product either. On bootup all these virtual machines complain about spectre vulnerabilities in the cpu. Does that mean my HOST doesn't have all the microcode updates or is this a Virtualbox issue? I did post in the Virtualbox forum but could not get a suitable answer. I managed to download the processor identification utility from Intel. I found out that my cpu id is 806EC and the revision is F0. How do I know if there are any outstanding microcode updates and how do I do them if needed? Apparently windows update does sometimes push out microcode updates, but not always. Some say the oem, in this case dell, is suppose to do it. Should I rather post this question in a dell forum? It's also the latest Virtualbox with latest extentions and latest Linux guest additions. I coudn't find anything useful on google. Please help.
Both windows update and dell update shows there aren't any outstanding updates. I know what the processor revision is. I want to know what the latest revision no is for that processor. That will tell me if I have all the micro code updates. It looks like only businesses are allowed to post in Intel's forums.
Intel has released microcode updates for affected processors to address the root cause. "On systems that have loaded the microcode with the mitigation, the processors are fully mitigated by default," Intel explains.
Intel microcode is microcode that runs inside x86 processors made by Intel. Since the P6 microarchitecture introduced in the mid-1990s, the microcode programs can be patched by the operating system or BIOS firmware to work around bugs found in the CPU after release.[1] Intel had originally designed microcode updates for processor debugging under its design for testing (DFT) initiative.[2]
Intel distributes microcode updates as a 2,048 (2 kilobyte) binary blob.[1] The update contains information about which processors it is designed for, so that this can be checked against the result of the CPUID instruction.[1] The structure is a 48-byte header, followed by 2,000 bytes intended to be read directly by the processor to be updated:[1]
Each block is encoded differently, and the majority of the 2,000 bytes are not used as configuration program and SRAM micro-operation contents themselves are much smaller.[1] Final determination and validation of whether an update can be applied to a processor is performed during decryption via the processor.[17] Each microcode update is specific to a particular CPU revision, and is designed to be rejected by CPUs with a different stepping level. Microcode updates are encrypted to prevent tampering and to enable validation.[22]
Microsoft has already released software updates to address the four MDS speculative execution side-channel vulnerabilities, known as Zombieload, RIDL, and Fallout, and the company has now released Intel microcode updates that are required to be fully protected.
These hosts run Ubuntu 20.04 and on Wednesday June 9th an update to the intel-microcode OS package was released. After a reboot3, this loads the CPU with new microcode (released a day earlier by Intel) that causes the behavior shown above. Specifically, this microcode4 disables the hardware zero store optimization we discussed in a previous post. It was disabled to mitigate CVE-2020-24512 further described5 in Intel security advisory INTEL-SA-00464.
Red Hat provides updated microcode, developed by our microprocessor partners, as a customer convenience. Please contact your hardware vendor to determine whether more recent BIOS/firmware updates are recommended, as additional improvements may be available.
Q: What if my CPU is not listed in the table?
A: Red Hat will continue to update these microcode packages as necessary. Please contact your hardware vendor to determine whether more recent BIOS/firmware updates are recommended because additional improvements may be available.
Mitigation for these vulnerabilities includes a combination of microcode updates and software changes, depending on the platform and usage model. Microcode updates should be issued by the original equipment manufacturer (OEM). For more information, see INTEL-SA-00615.
The mitigation for this vulnerability is exclusively through a microcode/firmware update, and there is no additional Microsoft Windows operating system update. Microsoft Surface devices will be patched by Microsoft but are still being worked on at this time. Microsoft still sees the risk of attack as low. You can monitor the status of the updates on this Microsoft page.
This vulnerability was disclosed on July 10, 2018. At this time, it does not appear that Microsoft software has flaws for this vulnerability, but more investigation is underway. The Intel version of the vulnerability indicates that microcode updates are not needed.
These mitigations can have performance impact once the patches and microcode/firmware updates are installed. As Microsoft states, the impact for most consumer devices might not be noticeable. Again, actual performance impact depends on the hardware generation and implementation by the chip manufacturer, among other factors.
After promising firmware updates for 90 percent of affected processors made in the past five years by January 12, Intel has now released new Linux Processor microcode data files that can be used to add Meltdown and Spectre mitigations without having to perform a BIOS update.
Intel has issued a new microcode update for Skylake processors that addresses Spectre variant 2. Skylake system owners should expect firmware updates soon. Fixes for other chips remain in beta testing.
Intel reports its microcode update for Skylake processors is stable, and additional updates for Kaby Lake and Coffee Lake are being rolled out, as well. Considering the problems experienced with the initial firmware updates, many experts are advising caution and careful testing before installing the new updates, however. According to Intel, fixes for Sandy Bridge, Ivy Bridge, Broadwell, and Haswell processors are still in beta. You can find the micocode patch update schedules for all Intel chips here.
Windows 10 users who have third-party antivirus software installed no longer need to make sure their AV vendors have set a special registry key in order to receive Windows updates. That requirement does still apply to all other versions of Windows. In addition, Microsoft is now including microcode fixes for Intel Skylake, Kaby Lake, and Coffee Lake processors in the March Windows update (KB4090007). Once again, these fixes are only currently available for Windows 10 version 1709 and Windows Server version 1709.
Intel said that it would issue its own microcode updates to address the issue, and over time some of these fixes will be rolled into hardware. At press time, Microsoft declined to comment on how it would proceed, though it is expected to release its own patches soon. Google, too, issued its own report on which of its products could be affected: These include Chrome and Android phones, though the latter will depend on how quickly phone makers roll out updates. be457b7860
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