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What is Instructional Design and Technology
Developing and applying techniques, resources, and strategies that support effective learning. Understanding how people learn, creating educational resources like videos, courses, or apps, and leveraging technology to make learning more convenient and interesting are all part of it.
History
1900s-1930s: The rise of behaviorism led by B.F. Skinner, early use of media such as slides and films
1940s: War effort needed better training programs, instructional materials and methods were tailored
1950s-1960s: A shift from behaviorism to cognitives approaches (Bloom's Taxonomy)
Addie model was developed to systematic planning
1970s-1980s: Constructivism came along by Piaget and Vygotsky, they emphasized active learning environments
Dick and Carey systems emerged
1990s-2000s: Smartphones and apps facilitated anytime learning, VR AR and AI become expanded possibilities for instructional experiences
B.F Skinner (behaviorism theory)
Jean Piaget (cognitive theory)
Lev Vygotsky (sociocultural theory)
What are the 3 Learning Theories
What are the 3 Learning Theories
Lets Break It Down
Lets Break It Down
1. Behaviorism
-Focus: Perceptible actions
-How Learning Occurs: By means of conditioning, reinforcement, and repetition
-The teacher's role is to modify behavior by providing stimuli, such as rewards or penalties.
-Example in the Classroom: When students answer properly, the teacher offers them points or praise; when they make mistakes, they get more practice.
-Important Names: Ivan Pavlov, B.F. Skinner
2. The concept of cognitivism
-Focus: Mental processes, including the reception, storing, and recall of information
-How Learning Occurs: Students organize their knowledge, process new information, and relate it to what they already know.
-The role of the teacher is to assist pupils process and retain information by organizing the material and using examples, graphics, and scaffolding.
-Examples in the classroom include chunking information to make it easier to understand, using graphic organizers, and providing step-by-step explanations.-Important figures: Jerome Bruner and Jean Piaget
3. Constructivism
-Focus: Students use experiences to construct their own understanding.
-How Learning Occurs: Students actively investigate, pose inquiries, and relate newly acquired information to actual circumstances.
-Teachers' roles include facilitating discussions, coming up with problem-solving exercises, and promoting teamwork.
-Examples of classroom activities include group projects, inquiry-based education, role-playing, or practical labs where students study subjects on their own.
-Key figures: John Dewey and Lev Vygotsky
My Educational Philosophy
A set of ideas regarding the ideal methods for instruction and learning. It shows a teacher's beliefs, objectives, and methods of teaching, including how they see the role of the instructor, the goal of education, and the most effective strategies to help students. It acts as a manual for choices made in the classroom and for creating a supportive learning atmosphere.
My Reflection:
Instructional Design and Technology (IDT) has evolved significantly since its inception, starting with the application of behavioral psychology principles in the mid-20th century, through the integration of technology in the 1980s, and continuing with the rise of digital learning platforms and interactive media in recent decades. Originally focused on the creation of efficient and effective educational experiences, IDT now emphasizes learner-centered approaches, integrating multimedia, interactivity, and personalized learning pathways.
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