Declaração sobre ISDS e o clima

O mecanismo de Resolução de Litígios Investidor-Estado (ISDS, na sigla em inglês) ameaça a acção climática. No início da Conferência COP 27 da ONU, sobre o clima, apelamos aos governos de todo o mundo para que acabem com este sistema injusto e perigoso.

Muitos acordos comerciais e de investimento incluem mecanismos ISDS. O ISDS permite às corporações transnacionais que processem os governos em tribunais secretos fora do sistema jurídico nacional, a respeito de mudanças de leis e políticas que possam reduzir os seus lucros.

Durante muitos anos, as companhias petrolíferas, de gás, mineiras, extractivas e energéticas, abriram centenas de casos legais usando ISDS contra países - os casos de energia e mineração constituem 42% dos casos conhecidos de ISDS.[1]  Agora, há um número crescente de casos que desafiam directamente as políticas climáticas. As corporações de combustíveis fósseis já estão a abrir casos contra a eliminação progressiva do carvão, o cancelamento de um oleoduto de areias asfálticas, a proibição da perfuração de petróleo offshore e a regulamentação de fracking. Os próprios membros da indústria esperam que estes casos possam ser apenas uma amostra, dada a quantidade de "activos irrecuperáveis" de combustíveis fósseis.[2]

Segundo o relatório do IPCC deste ano, o ISDS[3] ameaça bloquear a eliminação progressiva dos combustíveis fósseis.  O relatório destaca especificamente o Tratado da Carta de Energia (ECT, na sigla em inglês), que muitas corporações de combustíveis fósseis estão a utilizar, e ao qual os países em desenvolvimento estão actualmente a ser pressionados para aderir.

Os principais riscos do ISDS para enfrentar a crise climática são:

• Aumento do custo da acção climática
  As corporações podem exigir grandes quantias de dinheiro público através do ISDS, muitas vezes quantias muito mais elevadas do que seria possível nos tribunais nacionais. As quantias exigidas em casos climáticos recentes têm sido de bilhões de dólares norte-americanos, e frequentemente incluem uma grande quantia para compensar hipotéticos lucros futuros. Isto ultrapassa a capacidade de pagamento de muitos países, tornando a transição climática inacessível.

• Relaxamento regulatório
  O medo de ser processado pode fazer com que os países atrasem ou se oponham à tomada de medidas climáticas necessárias. Vários países já admitiram que isto está a acontecer.[4]  A ameaça do ISDS pode ser usada para intimidar os governos a recuar. Após décadas de inacção, o mundo simplesmente não pode permitir que as companhias de combustíveis fósseis utilizem o ISDS para manter o mundo em paralisia climática.

As comunidades na linha da frente da crise climática estão muitas vezes no centro das reivindicações do ISDS através de lutas contra a exploração mineira destrutiva e outros projectos extractivos.

Temos de nos livrar urgentemente do sistema ISDS. A evidência de anos de danos ao ambiente, à terra, à saúde e à autodeterminação dos povos de todo o mundo é flagrante, e a urgência acrescida do imperativo climático está para além de qualquer dúvida. As propostas de reforma são fracas, ineficazes e totalmente inadequadas para o que é necessário. Os governos devem tomar medidas imediatas para pôr fim aos riscos do ISDS.

Sabemos que isto pode ser alcançado, porque alguns países já começaram a fazê-lo. Países como a África do Sul, Índia, Nova Zelândia, Bolívia, Tanzânia, Canadá e os EUA tomaram medidas para se livrarem do ISDS. As opções práticas de acção incluem:

• • Parar:

    • • de negociar, assinar ou ratificar quaisquer novos acordos que incluam ISDS;

      • de aderir aos acordos existentes que incluem o ISDS, tais como o ECT (Tratado da Carta da Energia), CETA (Acordo Abrangente Económico e Comercial) ou CPTPP (Acordo de Parceria Abrangente e Progressivo Trans-Pacífico);

      • de alargar os acordos existentes para incluir a ISDS, tais como RCEP (Parceria Económica Abrangente Regional) ou AfCFTA (Área de Livre Comércio Continental Africana).

• • Terminar ou sair de acordos existentes com ISDS, tais como o ECT.

  • Retirar e recusar o consentimento para a utilização do ISDS.

  • Explorar alternativas ao ISDS incluindo seguros de risco de investimento, colaboração internacional para reforçar os sistemas jurídicos nacionais, e mecanismos de Direitos Humanos.

Enquanto os países se reúnem para a COP 27, apelamos aos governos para que se comprometam a eliminar a ameaça que o ISDS representa para os objectivos climáticos, livrando-se deste sistema injusto e perigoso.

[1] IISD, Investor-state disputes in the fossil fuel industry, 2021.

[2] AFP, “Governments risk 'trillions' in fossil fuel climate litigation” France 24, 2021..

[3] IPCC, Climate change 2022: mitigation of climate change, 2022, p14-72 & p14-81

[4] Elizabeth Meager, “Cop26 targets pushed back under threat of being sued” Capital Monitor, 2022

Signatárias:

1. 350.org

2. ActionAid International

3. Association for Women's Rights in Development (AWID)

4. bilaterals.org

5. CADTM International Network

6. Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL)

7. ClientEarth

8. DAWN (Development Alternatives with Women for a New Era)

9. Emmaüs International

10. Friends of the Earth International

11. GRAIN

12. Greenpeace

13. Health Care Without Harm

14. International Alliance of Inhabitants

15. Just Associates (JASS)

16. Oxfam International

17. People´s Health Movement

18. Project HEARD

19. Society for International Development

20. South Feminist Futures

21. Transnational Institute 

22. Acción por la Biodiversidad

23. Akina Mama wa Afrika

24. Climate Action Network (CAN) Europe

25. Corporate Europe Observatory

26. European Coordination Via Campesina

27. European Environmental Bureau

28. European Federation of Public Service Unions (EPSU)

29. Focus on the Global South

30. foodwatch International

31. Friends of the Earth Africa

32. Natural Justice

33. Pacific Network on Globalisation

34. Pacto Ecosocial e Intercultural del Sur

35. Pascal International Members Association (PIMA)

36. Plataforma América Latina mejor sin TLC

37. Project on Organizing, Development, Education, and Research (PODER)

38. Public Service International- PSI Americas

39. Quaker Earthcare Witness

40. Reality of Aid-Asia Pacific

41. Sisters of Mercy of the Americas Justice Team

42. Southern and Eastern Trade Information and Negotiations Instituete

43. TerraJusta

44. Women In Development Europe+ (WIDE+)

45. Asamblea Argentina mejor sin TLC, Argentina

46. Asamblea Jáchal No Se Toca, Argentina

47. ATTAC Argentina, Argentina

48. Diálogo 2000-Jubileo Sur Argentina, Argentina

49. FOCO FORO CIUDADANO DE PARTICIPACION POR LA JUSTICIA Y LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS, Argentina

50. Fundación Grupo Efecto Positivo, Argentina

51. Tierra Nativa / Amigos de la Tierra Argentina, Argentina

52. ActionAid Australia, Australia

53. Aid/Watch Australia, Australia

54. Australian Fair Trade and Investment Network, Australia

55. Community and Public Sector Union, Australia

56. Friends of the Earth Australia, Australia

57. GeneEthics, Australia

58. Music Trust, Australia

59. Sutherland Shire Environment Centre, NSW, Australia

60. Union Aid Abroad - APHEDA, Australia

61. Uniting Church in Australia, Synod of Victoria and Tasmania, Australia

62. AK EUROPA, Austria

63. Anders Handeln, Austria

64. Attac Austria, Austria

65. Dreikönigsaktion der Katholischen Jungschar, Austria

66. Informationsgruppe Lateinamerika, Austria

67. Internationaler Versöhnungsbund - Österreich, Austria

68. Österreichischer Gewerkschaftsbund, Austria

69. Proge, Austria

70. transform!at, Austria

71. Welthaus der Kath. Aktion Wien, Austria

72. WIDE - Network for Women´s Rights and Feminist Perspectives in Development, Austria

73. ZAMMM Aktivismus für eine zukunftsfähige Gesellschaft, Austria

74. ELA Euskal Sindikatua (Basque Workers Solidarity), Basque Country / Euskal Herria

75. 11.11.11 - Coalition for International Solidarity, Belgium

76. CADTM Belgium, Belgium

77. Centre national de coopération au développement (CNCD-11.11.11), Belgium

78. Centre tricontinental - CETRI, Belgium

79. Entraide et Fraternité, Belgium

80. Fédération des Services Sociaux, Belgium

81. FOS.ngo, Belgium

82. Links Ecologisch Forum - Forum Gauche Ecologie, Belgium

83. vzw Climaxi, Belgium

84. Ayllu Larikuna, Bolivia

85. Consumidores Conscientes, Bolivia

86. Fundación Solón - Bolivia, Bolivia

87. Programa de Asistencia Agrobioenergetica al Campesino PAAC , Bolivia

88. Reaccion Climatica, Bolivia

89. SOMOS SUR, Bolivia

90. Association Earthlings, Bosnia and Herzegovina

91. Associação Alternativa Terrazul Brasil, Brazil

92. Associação Escola Sem Muros GRUPO ECO, Brazil

93. CENTRO DE DEFESA DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS DE PETRÓPOLIS, Brazil

94. Centro de Tecnologias Alternativas Populares, Brazil

95. Centro Ecológico, Brazil

96. International Academy of Science, Health & Ecology, Brazil

97. DUKINGIRE ISI YACU (DIY), Burundi

98. CADIRE CAMEROON ASSOCIATION, Cameroon

99. ATTAC-Québec, Canada

100. Blue Planet Project, Canada

101. Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Canada

102. Canadian Environmental Law Association, Canada

103. Canadian Fair Trade Network (CFTN), Canada

104. Common Frontiers, Canada

105. Council of Canadians, Canada

106. David Suzuki Foundation, Canada

107. Friends of the Earth Canada, Canada

108. MiningWatch Canada, Canada

109. National Farmers Union, Canada

110. Projet Accompagnement Québec Guatemala (PAQG), Canada

111. Public Service Alliance of Canada, Canada

112. RQMI : Réseau québécois pour une mondialisation inclusive, Canada

113. Trade Justice Group of Northumberland CofC, Canada

114. Trade Justice Network, Canada

115. Trade Justice Prince Edward Island, Canada

116. Ongd AFRICANDO, Canary Islands

117. Asociación por la Paz y los Derechos Humanos Taula per Mèxic, Catalunya

118. Rodes Constituent , Catalunya

119. SETEM Catalunya, Catalunya

120. Som i Serem, Catalunya

121. Centro de Ecología Social Ecobarrial, Chile

122. Chile Mejor sin TLC (Tratados de Libre Comercio), Chile

123. Chile Sin Ecocidio, Chile

124. Comité Ambiental Comunal de la comuna de Paine, Chile

125. Comunidad Ecuménica Martin Luther King, Chile

126. Mujeres en Marcha, Chile

127. Observatorio Latinoamericano de Conflictos Ambientales OLCA, Chile

128. Red de Acción por los Derechos Ambientales RADA, Chile

129. Colectivo de abogados José Alvear Restrepo, Colombia

130. Comité Para la Defensa del Agua y El Páramo de Santurbán, Colombia

131. Corporación Serraniagua, Colombia

132. Gestores de Paz, Colombia

133. Kuagro ri Changaina, Colombia

134. SINEDIAN, Colombia

135. Appui aux Initiatives Communautaires de Conservation de l'Environnement et de Développement Durable, AICED, Congo, République Démocratique

136. Ekumenická akademie (Ecumenical Academy), Czech Republic

137. Re-set: platform for socio-ecological transformation, Czech Republic

138. Global Aktion, Denmark

139. NOAH - Friends of the Earth Denmark, Denmark

140. Acción Ecológica , Ecuador

141. Centro de Documentación en Derechos Humanos "Segundo Montes Mozo S.J." (CSMM), Ecuador

142. Centro de Documentación en Derechos Humanos "Segundo Montes Mozo SJ" (CSMM), Ecuador

143. Ecuador Decide Mejor sin TLC , Ecuador

144. FIAN Ecuador, Ecuador

145. Frente Agroecológico Proaño Vive, Riobamba, Ecuador

146. Inst. Estudios Ecologistas del Tercer Mundo , Ecuador

147. Instituto de Estudios Ecologistas , Ecuador

148. UDAPT, Ecuador

149. Asociación de Desarrollo Económico Social ADES, El Salvador

150. Extractivisms and Alternatives Initiative (EXALT), Finland

151. Maan ystävät / Friends of the Earth Finland, Finland

152. TTIP Network Finland, Finland

153. ActionAid France, France

154. Aitec, France

155. Alofa Tuvalu, France

156. Asociación Los Pies en la Tierra, France

157. Attac France, France

158. BLOOM Association, France

159. CADTM France (Comité pour l’abolition des dettes illégitimes), France

160. CCFD - Terre Solidaire, France

161. Collectif Relais d'Informations & Actions Citoyennes association loi 1901, France

162. Collectif Stop CETA/Mercosur, France

163. Fédération Artisans du Monde, France

164. Fédération syndicale SUD-Energie, France

165. Fondation Copernic, France

166. foodwatch France, France

167. France Amérique Latine, France

168. France Nature Environnement, France

169. FSU, France

170. GAFE-FRANCE, France

171. Gauche Démocratique et Sociale (GDS), France

172. Générations Futures, France

173. GERES, France

174. Igapo Project, France

175. Les Amis de la Terre France, France

176. Les Amis du Monde diplomatique, France

177. Mesure Conservatoire, France

178. Mouvement de l'Agriculture Bio-dynamique, France

179. Sherpa, France

180. Veblen Institute, France

181. ZEA, France

182. Arbeitsgemeinschaft bäuerliche Landwirtschaft e.V., Germany

183. Attac Germany, Germany

184. Berliner Wassertisch, Germany

185. Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz (BUND) Kreisverband Groß-Gerau, Germany  (county chapter of Friends of the Earth, Germany), Germany

186. Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz e.V., Germany

187. BUND Nordschwarzwald, Germany

188. earthlink e.V., Germany

189. Ecosia, Germany

190. FDCL-Center for Research and Documentation Chile-Latin America, Germany

191. Kölner Bündnis für gerechten Welthandel, Germany

192. Leave it in the Ground (LINGO), Germany

193. NABU, Germany

194. NaturFreunde Deutschlands e.V., Germany

195. Netzwerk gerechter Welthandel, Germany

196. PowerShift e.V., Germany

197. Rettet den Regenwald, Germany

198. Stop-TTIP Kreis Miltenberg , Germany

199. Umweltinstitut München e.V., Germany

200. Urgewald, Germany

201. Weltladen Hailer, Germany

202. Wuppertaler Aktionsbündnis Gerechter Welthandel, Germany

203. Zukunftskonvent Germany, Germany

204. AbibiNsroma Foundation, Ghana

205. AbibiNsroma Foundation , Ghana

206. Friends of the Earth Ghana, Ghana

207. Consumer Association the Quality of Life-EKPIZO, Greece

208. NATUREFRIENDS GREECE, Greece

209. Asociacion de Mujeres Ixqaniil Pa'laq Ha' , Guatemala

210. Consejo de Investigaciones en Desarrollo, Guatemala

211. Consejo del Pueblo Maya CPO , Guatemala

212. Groupe d'Action Francophone pour l'Environnement GAFE Haïti, Haïti

213. Mouvement national citoyen pour le climat Alternatiba Haïti, Haïti

214. Fenntarthatóság Felé Egyesület (Towards Sustainability Association), Hungary

215. National Society of Conservationists - Friends of the Earth Hungary, Hungary

216. Védegylet Egyesület, Hungary

217. Anti-Jindal & Anti-POSCO Movement, Odisha, India

218. Association For Promotion Sustainable Development, India

219. Centre for Improved Rural Health and Environmental Protection (CIRHEP), India

220. Growthwatch , India

221. Indian Social Action Forum , India

222. Indigenous Perspectives, India

223. Srushtidnyan, India

224. The Future We Need, India

225. Indonesia for Global Justice (IGJ), Indonesia

226. Koalisi Rakyat untuk Hak atas Air (KRuHA) / People's Coalition for the Right to Water , Indonesia

227. Sociology Research Centre Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

228. Solidaritas Perempuan, Indonesia

229. Comhlámh, Ireland

230. Trócaire, Ireland

231. Ladakh Ecological Development Group, Ladakh

232. ASTM - Action Solidarité Tiers Monde, Luxembourg

233. Mouvement Ecologique, Luxembourg

234. Mouvement Ecologique asbl. / Friends of the Earth, Luxembourg

235. Consumers' Association of Penang, Malaysia

236. Independent Advocacy and Activism of Affordable Medicines for Vulnerable Communities in Malaysia, Malaysia

237. Sahabat Alam Malaysia (Friends of the Earth Malaysia), Malaysia

238. Academia Nacional de Educación Ambiental (ANEA), Mexico

239. ACCION COLECTIVA SOCIOAMBIENTAL, A.C., Mexico

240. Bios Iguana A. C., Mexico

241. COMISIÓN CIUDADANA DE DERECHOS HUMANOS DEL NOROESTE, AC, Mexico

242. El Colegio de Veracruz, Mexico

243. FRENTE POPULAR EN DEFENSA DEL SOCONUSCO, Mexico

244. Fronteras Comunes, Mexico

245. Luvina, Mexico

246. Otros Mundos Chiapas, Mexico

247. Procesos Integrales para la Autogestión de los Pueblos, Mexico

248. Red de Información y Acción Ambiental de Vercruz, Mexico

249. Red Mexicana de Afectadas/os por la Minería (REMA), Mexico

250. Rizoma Entretejiendo la Defensa de los Bienes Comunes A.C., Mexico

251. Justiça Ambiental JA! - Friends of the Earth Mozambique, Mozambique

252. National Indigenous Women Forum, Nepal

253. Both ENDS, Netherlands

254. FNV Dutch Trade Union Organisation, Netherlands

255. Handel Anders! coalition, Netherlands

256. Platform Duurzame en Solidaire Economie, Netherlands

257. SOMO, Netherlands

258. Water Justice and Gender, Netherlands

259. GE Free New Zealand in Food and Environment, New Zealand

260. Its Our Future Aotearoa New Zealand, New Zealand

261. Health of Mother Earth Foundation , Nigeria

262. Human and Environmental Development Agenda, Nigeria

263. Attac-Norway, Norway

264. Handelskampanjen, Norway

265. All Pakistan Labour Federation, Pakistan

266. Union of Palestinian Womens Organisation, Palestine

267. Colectivo Voces Ecológicas COVEC, Panama

268. Heñói Centro de Estudios, Paraguay

269. SOBREVIVENCIA,Amigos de la Tierra Paraguay , Paraguay

270. Movimiento Ciudadano frente al Cambio Climatico, Peru

271. Alyansa Tigil Mina (ATM), Philippines

272. Ang Aroroy Ay Alagaan, Inc. (4As), Philippines

273. Center for Energy, Ecology, and Development, Philippines

274. Ecological Society of the Philippines, Philippines

275. Marian Women Producers Cooperative, Philippines

276. Sentro ng mga Nagkakaisa at Progresibong Manggagawa (SENTRO), Philippines

277. SIBUYANON AGAINST MINING, Philippines

278. Trade Justice Pilipinas, Philippines

279. WomanHealth Philippines, Philippines

280. Youth for Climate Hope, Philippines

281. ACRÉSCIMO - Associação de Promoção ao Investimento Florestal, Portugal

282. APD -Associação Portuguesa de Deficientes, Portugal

283. Climáximo, Portugal

284. Com Calma - Associação Cultural, Portugal

285. Extinction Rebellion Guimarães, Portugal

286. IRIS - Associação Nacional de Ambiente, Portugal

287. OIKOS - Cooperação e Desenvolvimento, Portugal

288. TROCA - Plataforma por um Comércio Internacional Justo, Portugal

289. Réseau des associations pour la protection de l'environnement et la nature, Sénégal

290. Solidarite Ci Sutura, Sénégal

291. Focus, drustvo za sonaraven razvoj (Focus Association for Sustainable Development), Slovenia

292. Umanotera, The Slovenian Foundation for Sustainable Development, Slovenia

293. Biowatch, South Africa

294. Association of Physicians for Humanism , South Korea

295. Korea Federation of Environmental Movement(KFEM)-FoE Korea, South Korea

296. Civil Society Coalition On Natural Resources (CSCNR), South Sudan

297. Alianza por la Solidaridad, Spain

298. Amics de la Terra Mallorca, Spain

299. Amigos de la Tierra / Friends of the Earth, Spain

300. Asociación Cultural Brasileña Maloka, Spain

301. Asociación de Cultura Popular Alborada -Gallur, Spain

302. Asociación de Permacultura ATTA, Spain

303. Asociación por la Recuperación del Bosque Autóctono (ARBA), Spain

304. Associació Cultural i Medi Ambiental Arrels, Spain

305. ATTAC ESPAÑA , Spain

306. Avilaantiespecista, Spain

307. Campaña No a los Tratados de Comercio e Inversión, Spain

308. Centro de Estudios Rurales y de Agricultura Internacional-CERAI, Spain

309. Confederación General del Trabajo CGT, Spain

310. Confederación Intersindical, Spain

311. Coordinadora de ONGD-España, Spain

312. Debt Observatory in Globalisation (ODG), Spain

313. Des de Baix, Spain

314. Ecologistas en Acción, Spain

315. ENGINYERIA SENSE FRONTERES, Spain

316. Entrepueblos/Entrepobles/Entrepobos/Herriarte, Spain

317. Extinction Rebellion, Spain

318. Federación Regional de Asociaciones Vecinales de Madrid, Spain

319. Feministas por el Clima, Spain

320. Francisco Muñoz de Bustillo, Spain

321. Fridays For Future Sevilla , Spain

322. Fridays for Future Spain - Juventud por el Clima, Spain

323. FSC-CCOO, Spain

324. FSC-COO, Spain

325. Fundación Finanzas Eticas, Spain

326. Fundación Finanzas Éticas Activismo y Economía Crítica, Spain

327. Fundacions Darder Mascaró, Spain

328. GIECO (Grupo de Investigación en Ecocrítica y Humanidades Ambientales), Spain

329. Grup Balear d'Ornitologia i Defensa de la Naturalesa, Spain

330. Ingeniería Sin Fronteras, Spain

331. Intersindical Valenciana, Spain

332. MEDICUSMUNDI, Spain

333. Novact, Spain

334. Observatori DESC, Spain

335. Observatori DESC de Drets Humans, Spain

336. Observatorio de Multinacionales en América Latina (OMAL) - Paz con Dignidad, Spain

337. PARVA - ARBA Paracuellos, Spain

338. Plataforma Antitérmica La Pereda , Spain

339. Plataforma Ciudadana Zaragoza sin Fractura, Spain

340. Plataforma por un Nuevo Modelo Energético , Spain

341. Recortes Cero, Spain

342. Revo Prosperidad Sostenible, Spain

343. Salva la Selva, Spain

344. Som Mobilitat SCCL, Spain

345. STACYL Valladolid, Spain

346. Trawunche Madrid (Coordinación de Apoyo al Pueblo Mapuche), Spain

347. Unión General de Trabajadores y Trabajadoras (UGT)), Spain

348. UNIÓN SINDICAL OBRERA, Spain

349. UNIÓN UNIVERSAL Desarrollo Solidario, Spain

350. Gami Seva Sevana, Sri Lanka

351. Afrikagrupperna, Sweden

352. Framtidsjorden Sweden, Sweden

353. LM international, Sweden

354. Pro Natura / Friends of the Earth Switzerland, Switzerland

355. Public Eye, Switzerland

356. Indigenous Taiwan Self-Determination Alliance, Taiwan

357. Mazingira Network - Tanzania (MANET), Tanzania

358. Sustainable Holistic Development Foundation (SUHODE), Tanzania

359. Tanzania Trade and Investment Coalition (TATIC), Tanzania

360. ALTSEAN-Burma, Thailand

361. Community Resource Centre, Thailand

362. NETWORK OF RURAL WOMEN PRODUCERS TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, Trinidad & Tobago

363. Association formes et couleurs oasienne, Tunisia

364. Sabili LLah Islamic Charity foundation, Uganda

365. Uganda Peace Foundation , Uganda

366. Balanced Economy Project, United Kingdom

367. Bretton Woods Project, United Kingdom

368. Business & Human Rights Resource Centre, United Kingdom

369. Catholic Agency for Overseas Development, United Kingdom

370. Compassion in World Farming, United Kingdom

371. Corner House, United Kingdom

372. Corporate Justice Coalition, United Kingdom

373. Debt Justice UK, United Kingdom

374. EcoNexus, United Kingdom

375. Ecumenical Council for Corporate Responsibility (ECCR), United Kingdom

376. Environmental Justice Foundation, United Kingdom

377. Equality Trust, United Kingdom

378. Farms not Factories, United Kingdom

379. Fresh Eyes, United Kingdom

380. Friends of the Earth England, Wales and Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

381. Global Justice Now, United Kingdom

382. Health Poverty Action, United Kingdom

383. Law for Palestine, United Kingdom

384. London Mining Network, United Kingdom

385. New Economics Foundation, United Kingdom

386. North East Climate Justice Coalition , United Kingdom

387. One World Week, United Kingdom

388. Public and Commercial Services Union, United Kingdom

389. TimeBank Hull and East Riding, United Kingdom

390. Totnes REconomy Project, United Kingdom

391. Trade Justice Movement, United Kingdom

392. Transform Trade (formerly Traidcraft Exchange), United Kingdom

393. War on Want, United Kingdom

394. Women's Budget Group, United Kingdom

395. 350 Bay Area, United States of America

396. 350 Wisconsin, United States of America

397. American Friends Service Committee, United States of America

398. Centro por los Derechos Humanos y el Ambiente, United States of America

399. Citizens Trade Campaign, United States of America

400. Climate Action Rhode Island, United States of America

401. Climate in your hands, United States of America

402. Corporate Accountability, United States of America

403. Holy Cross International Justice Office, United States of America

404. Honor The Earth, United States of America

405. Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, United States of America

406. Institute for Policy Studies, Global Economy Project , United States of America

407. Just Transition Alliance, United States of America

408. Local Futures, United States of America

409. NETWORK Lobby for Catholic Social Justice, United States of America

410. Occupy Bergen County, United States of America

411. People's Green New Deal - Madison Wisconsin, United States of America

412. Public Citizen, United States of America

413. Rethink Trade, United States of America

414. Save Our Illinois Land, United States of America

415. Texas Fair Trade Coalition, United States of America

416. Trade Justice Education Fund , United States of America

417. United Church of Christ, Justice and Local Church Ministries, United States of America

418. US El Salvador Sister Cities , United States of America

419. REDES-Amigos de la Tierra Uruguay, Uruguay

420. Yemeni Observatory for Human Rights, Yemen

421. Zambia Council For Social  Development, Zambia