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Lindsey A. Wilhelm, PhD, MT-BC – Associate Professor of Music Therapy at Colorado State University
Andrea M. Cevasco-Trotter, PhD, MT-BC – Associate Professor of Music Therapy at University of Alabama
Administration for Community Living:
Alzheimer’s Association:
Alzheimer’s Foundation of America
American Psychological Association: Administration for Community Living
American Psychological Association: Office on Aging
National Association of Area Agencies on Aging
NIA: Alzheimer’s Disease Fact Sheet
Activities of daily living – basic daily tasks that include dressing, eating, and toileting.
Alzheimer’s disease – most prevalent form of progressive dementia. Caused by a build-up of plaques and tangles in the brain.
Ageism – stereotyping and/or discrimination based on an individual’s age.
Arthritis – a group of disorders related to inflammation of joints that cause pain and stiffness.
Assisted living facility – a residential facility that consists of apartments that provides support with activities of daily living as well as recreational and social activities.
Asthma – inflamed airways cause shortness of breath, coughing, and wheezing.
Atrial fibrillation – (AFib) quivering or irregular heartbeat that can lead to other related complications.
Cataracts – thickening and clouding of the lens that progressively worsens but can be improved through surgery.
Cerebrovascular accident – (a stroke) blood is cut off to the brain. Due to a blood clot (ischemic) or bleed (hemorrhagic).
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – (COPD) progressive lung diseases resulting in shortness of breath (dyspnea)
Congestive heart failure – weakened heart muscle that results in decreased blood flow.
Continuing care retirement community – long-term care options for older people who want to stay in the same place through different phases of the aging process.
Coronary heart disease – coronary arteries become narrower due to plaque buildup and blood flow to the heard is reduced.
Delirium – change in awareness of the environment and attention that affects a person’s ability to focus, maintain or shift attention. May have additional cognitive issues.
Dementia – an overarching term for a group of disorders that impact cognitive functioning. Commonly used to refer to older adults with degenerative forms of dementia.
Depression – Mental health condition common to older adults. In older adults, depression may lead to cognitive as well as physical symptoms.
Diabetes – high blood sugar due to decreased production of insulin. Can lead to many different symptoms in other bodily systems (e.g., cognitive, respiratory, circulatory).
Elderspeak –a form of ageism, when younger individuals speak to older adults in a patronizing way (e.g., using simplified language, overly familiar terms of affection).
Glaucoma – peripheral (side) vision distorted due to increased pressure in eye that if untreated can lead to blindness.
Hypertension – High blood pressure.
Instrumental activities of daily living – daily tasks that go beyond basic functioning such as taking medication, housework, manage finances, and preparing meals.
Long-term care – services provided to manage health status. Can be divided into home care services, community support services, and facility-based services.
Macular degeneration – progressive changes in the retina that impairs central vision. Age-related macular degeneration is a common cause of blindness in older adults.
Memory care unit/special care unit – a skilled living unit that is specifically structured to meet the needs of individuals with dementia providing 24-hour care. Often locked to provide added security for residents who may wander.
Neurocognitive disorders – pathological cognitive changes due to disease or trauma to the brain (e.g., delirium, forms of dementia, traumatic brain injury).
Osteoporosis – bones lose density and become brittle and prone to breaking.
Presbycusis – (age-related hearing loss) bilateral high-frequency loss, higher incidence with age
Presbyopia – difficulty focusing vision on nearby objects, caused by the thickening an hardening of the lens of the eye.
Primary aging – changes with age due to the biological aging of body systems. All humans follow a primary aging process through the timing of this process varies.
Secondary aging – changes with age due to extrinsic factors (e.g., environmental, social, disease).
Skilled nursing facility – short-term residential facility focused on providing rehabilitation and medical care as a bridge between a hospital and other long-term care settings.
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