Embedded Files
Olivia Swedberg Yinger, PhD, MT-BC
Kelsey Lownds, MM, MT-BC
Sheri Robb: Designing music therapy interventions for hospitalized children and adolescents using a contextual support model of music therapy (Oxford University Press link)
Definitions of Key Terms
Anemia: A condition characterized by red blood cell or hemoglobin deficiency.
Antibiotics: Drugs used to treat and prevent bacterial infections.
Antireflux procedure: Surgery to help prevent reflux, a condition where food or stomach acid come back up from the stomach into the esophagus, often because the muscles where the esophagus meets the stomach do not close tightly enough.
Appendectomy: Surgery in which the appendix is removed.
Appendicitis: Infection and swelling of the appendix (a projection of the large intestine). Appendicitis is often painful and can be very serious if the infected appendix is not removed.
Aspiration pneumonitis: Chemical inflammation of the lungs as a result of gastric acid.
Bladder/ureteral reconstruction: Surgery that creates a new way to pass urine if the bladder has been removed.
Bronchitis: Inflammation (acute or chronic) of the bronchi, which are the two major divisions of the trachea that lead to the lungs.
Burn debridement: Removing unhealthy tissue from a burn to promote healing.
Central venous access: Placement of a catheter into a venous great vessel.
Chemotherapy: The process of using drugs to treat cancer.
Cholecystectomy: Surgery to remove the gallbladder.
Computerized Axial Tomography (CT) scan: X-rays tests that use a computer to produce cross-sectional images of the body.
Electroencephalogram (EEG): A test that detects electrical activity in the brain. The test uses metal discs (electrodes) that attach to the scalp to transmit electric impulses.
Electrolyte: Substance in the body’s fluids and tissues that ionizes and conducts electricity.
Endocrinology: Branch of medicine concerned with endocrine glands and hormones.
Epilepsy: A neurological disease associated with spontaneously recurring seizures.
Gastroenterology: Branch of medicine concerned with the stomach and intestines.
Graft: Surgical procedure to move tissue from one site on the body to another.
Hickman line: A catheter inserted into the body for administration of chemotherapy and for drawing blood samples. Unlike with a port, a portion of the line, or tube, remains outside the body.
Hydrotherapy: A burn debridement process that washes away the dead skin and bacteria using warm water.
Immunology: Branch of medicine concerned with the immune system.
Infectious disease: Diseases caused by organisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites).
Leukemia: A type of cancer in which there is uncontrolled production of leukocytes (white blood cells) in bone marrow.
Mechanical ventilation: An external device that connects directly to a patient moving gas toward and from the lungs.
Mood disorder: Psychological disorder in which a person’s mood elevates or lowers, interfering with everyday life. Examples of mood disorders are depression and bipolar disorder.
Nephrology: Branch of medicine concerned with the kidneys.
Non-pharmacological: Treating pain without using prescribed medication.
Oncology: Branch of medicine that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
Pastoral care: Spiritual services provided to hospitalized patients and their families by ordained ministers, priests, and other persons with designated religious roles. Sometimes called spiritual care or healthcare chaplaincy.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) ligation: Surgery to repair a heart problem diagnosed in infancy in which a connection that allows blood to flow between two parts of the heart (the aorta and the pulmonary artery)
Perioperative: Related to the three stages of surgery: preoperative (before surgery), intraoperative (during surgery), and postoperative (after surgery).
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC): Functions similarly to an IV, infusing liquid substances directly into the vein and providing a line for blood draws. PICC lines are longer than IVs; are inserted into the arm, leg, or neck; and the tip of the catheter (tube) is placed in a large vein that carries blood to the heart.
Pneumonia: An infection in the lungs in which the alveoli (air sacs) become inflamed and filled with fluid, making it difficult to breathe.
Port: A type of IV line implanted inside the patient’s body that is often used for administration of chemotherapy and for drawing blood samples.
Pulmonary: Relating to the lungs.
Pyloromyotomy: Surgery to correct pyloric stenosis, which is a tightening of the muscle that leads from the stomach to the small intestine causing blockage. During pyloromyotomy, the tight pylorus muscle is cut so that food can pass freely.
Radiographic contrast liquid: Material used to improve images of the inside of the body produced by x-rays, computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and ultrasound. Contrast materials allow radiologists to distinguish normal from abnormal conditions and can be taken orally, rectally, or via injection.
Radiation therapy: A procedure in which x-rays, gamma rays, electron beams, or protons are used to attempt to kill cancer cells.
Reflecting: A therapeutic verbal technique in which a music therapist accurately describes the client’s emotional state from either verbal or nonverbal cues.
Respiratory intubation: The process of inserting a flexible plastic tube through the mouth and down the trachea. This tube maintains an open airway for the patient and can be connected to a mechanical ventilator that moves air in and out of the lungs for pulmonary assistance.
Respiratory therapy: Assessment and treatment of patients with cardiopulmonary dysfunction such as lung cancer, asthma, emphysema, bronchitis, or pneumonia. Treatment may consist of managing patients on ventilators and artificial airway devices.
Sedation: Administration of sedative drugs to reduce agitation and induce relaxation to facilitate a medical or procedure.
Spinal tap: A medical procedure in which a needle is inserted into the spinal canal, often to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for diagnostic testing. Also called lumbar puncture.
Summarizing: A therapeutic verbal technique in which the music therapist combines two or more of the client’s thoughts, feelings or behaviors and identifies a common theme.
Trachea: Large tube that extends from the larynx to the bronchial tubes and conveys air to and from the lungs. Also called the windpipe.
Urinary tract infection (UTI): An infection in any part of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, or urethra. Most infections involve the lower urinary tract (the bladder and the urethra).
Validating: A therapeutic verbal technique in which the music therapist recognizes and accepts the client’s thoughts, feelings, sensations or behaviors as understandable.
Vital signs: Four measures of physiological functioning routinely monitored by medical professionals and health care providers (body temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, and blood pressure).
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