How To Calculate Cement Sand And Aggregate Quantity In Concrete Pdf Download

Plain Cement Concrete (PCC) is also called as Cement Concrete (CC) or Blinding Concrete. It is used for leveling, bedding for footings, grade slabs, concrete roads etc. PCC is used to provide non-porous, rigid, impervious, firm and leveled bed for laying RCC, where earth is soft and yielding. PCC can be use over brick flat soling or without brick flat soling. PCC also used as filler like lump concrete; this is a mix of PCC and boulder. It consists of cement, sand and coarse aggregates mixed with water in the specified proportions.

The term RCC stands for Reinforced cement concrete. The mixture of cement, fine aggregate (sand) and coarse aggregate and reinforcement to increase its compressive and tensile strength are generally called Reinforced cement concrete (RCC).

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Reinforced cement concrete or RCC is a composite material in which concrete's relativelylow tensile strength and ductility are counteracted by the inclusion of reinforcement havinghigher tensile strength or ductility. The reinforcement is usually, though not necessarily, steelreinforcing bars (rebar) and is usually embedded passively in the concrete before the concretesets. Reinforcing schemes are generally designed to resist tensile stresses in particular regionsof the concrete that might cause unacceptable cracking and/or structural failure. Modern reinforcedconcrete can contain varied reinforcing materials made of steel, polymers or alternate compositematerial in conjunction with rebar or not. Reinforced concrete may also be permanently stressed(concrete in compression, reinforcement in tension), so as to improve the behavior of the finalstructure under working loads.

After knowing the quantity of concrete this cement concrete calculator tool can also determine the quantity of cement, sand, and Aggregate for the casting of concrete elements.

The strength of cement concrete depends on various factors such as the amount of cement, sand, and aggregates (gravel), water cement ratio, temperature, amount of curing, Admixture used, and compaction at the time of concrete curing.

Put the value of depth, width, and length of your concrete elements like slab, beam, column, and wall to calculate the number of cubic yards, cubic meters,s, or cubic feet of concrete and cement bags needs to fabricate your project work.

Our online tools will provide quick answers to your calculation and conversion needs. On this page, you can calculate material consumption viz., cement, sand, stone gravel for the following concrete mix ratios - 1:1.5:3, 1:2:4, 1:3:6, 1:4:8, 1:5:10. Once, the quantities are determined, it is easy to estimate the cost of a concrete block, driveway, patio, yard or any other structure with the price prevailing in your area.

Our mix-on-site concrete calculation is based on batching by volume (Large construction sites employ batching by weight which is more exact). You can also estimate the quantity of sand and gravel required by weight; Simply multiply the volumetric quantity of sand and gravel with 1400 kg/m3 (bulk density of sand) and 1600 kg/m3 (bulk density of stone) respectively, when calculating in metric units.

In this method, cement, sand and aggregates are always batched in terms of weight, and concrete can be designed for different environmental conditions and different needs. With the help of this method you can save cost .Quality of concrete from this method is better than nominal.

Concrete is a composite material made out of fine and coarse aggregate fortified along with a liquid (cement glue) that solidifies (fixes) after some time. In the past limebased cement covers were regularly utilized, for example, lime clay, however here and there with other water powered cements, for example, a calcium aluminate cement or with Portland cement to shape Portland cement concrete (named for its visual similarity to Portland stone).

Numerous other non-cementitious sorts of concrete exist with different techniques for restricting aggregate together, incorporating black-top concrete with a bitumen fastener, which is as often as possible utilized for street surfaces, and polymer concretes that utilization polymers as a folio.

At the point when aggregate is blended in with dry Portland cement and water, the blend frames a liquid slurry that is handily emptied and formed into shape. The cement responds with the water and different fixings to frame a hard network that ties the materials together into a solid stone-like material that has numerous employments.

(c) Test Sample: That part of the sample of an asphalt concrete layer or which is prepared and used for the specified test. The quantity of the test sample may be the same but will usually be less than the bulk sample.

An external CCSW that consists of 100 mm insulation core sandwiched within two layers of 50 mm thick concrete on either faces and internal walls consists of 50 mm insulation core sandwiched within two layers of 40 mm thick concrete on either faces has satisfied the Building code of Australia (BCA) requirements [44]. All non-wall elements, fixtures and features remain the same as of a clay brick wall house.

The physical properties of RCA can only enable it to be applied in low-to-middle strength structural concrete [58,68]. On the other hand, FA aggregate that is obtained by sintering and crushing process and slag aggregate has not only been found to be lighter and stronger than natural aggregate but also possesses lower thermal conductivity [69,70]. Though, the increase of RCA may lower the 28 days compressive strength of concrete, but after a period of time, the strength will be higher than that of concrete with NA [71].

Australia produced 12.3 million tonnes of fly ash in 2013 out of which 52% was utilized and in addition to new ash being produced every year there is stock of more than 400 million tonnes of fly ash [75]. As per Australasian (Iron & Steel) Slag Association report, approximately 1.3 million tonnes of slag was produced in year 2009 and the slag will remain available in substantial amount as long as iron is produced in Australia [76]. In year 2010, Australia produced around 1.3 million tonnes of recycled aggregate [77]. Approximately 30% of the quarry production is crushed fine, which can further be processed to obtain manufactured sand suitable for concrete [73].

From the analysis of results, it is observed that the concrete with a composition of 70% OPC + 30% FA + 60% NA + 40% RCA + 100% NS could offer maximum amount of GHG emissions and embodied energy reduction. Even though, GGBFS and FA both are by-products but FA has slightly higher GHG emissions reduction potential because additional energy is consumed for grinding of granulated blast furnace slag. For 100% OPC concrete mixes, the changes in aggregate and sand compositions have minor impact on emissions. However, as the SCM are introduced, the GHG emissions and embodied energy consumption reduced significantly. This clearly shows that cement is highly energy intensive component of the concrete. An insignificant increase in GHG emissions (0.01% to 0.03%) and embodied energy consumption (0.05% to 0.14%) are observed when NS is partially substituted with MS in concrete mixes for all cementitious and aggregate compositions. The reason for this increase is due to the fact that an additional energy is consumed for making MS suitable for concrete, [79]. However, there are benefits from minimizing the waste and natural resource depletion [58].

Further analysis of results shows that the concrete mixes having aggregate composition of 60% NA + 40% RCA have higher GHG emissions and embodied energy consumption reduction potential while mixes having 80% NA + 20% RCA compositions have lower potential. Table 4 shows the GHG emissions and embodied energy consumption mitigation potential based on average values for each cementitious group.

The concrete mixes having 30% cement substituted with FA provide maximum mitigation opportunity but other combinations with GGBFS also contribute to substantial reduction opportunity. Considering the availability constraints of these by-products, the above combinations offer a flexible solution.

Jordan [9] investigated the effect of stress, frequency, mix, and age on the damping of concrete and found that wet concrete showed a steady increase in damping with an increase in the maximum stress. Hwang et al. [15] experimentally determined the effect of the displacement history sequence and magnitude on the cyclic response of reinforced flexural members and found that the energy dissipation capacity was a function of the applied stress intensity and the magnitude of maximum displacements applied to the members. Darwin et al. [16] studied the energy dissipation index of RC beams with different geometries under cyclic load and found that it was primarily controlled by the maximum stress, concrete strength, and transverse steel capacity. Wang et al. [17] presented a new method to calculate the material damping of RC components in the elastic stage under axial cyclic load; furthermore, they established a relation formula for the energy dissipation of RC beams with maximum stress amplitude, concrete strength, and reinforcement ratio through nonlinear regression. Jeary et al. [18,19] employed a time series analysis method to obtain the relationship between structural damping and vibration amplitude at high amplitude level, and took the fracture at both microscopic and macroscopic scale into consideration. Li et al. [20,21] emphasized that the effect of amplitude-dependent damping on the dynamic responses of a super tall building was significant and that the knowledge of the actual damping characteristics was very important for the accurate prediction of wind-induced vibrations in such buildings. 2351a5e196