Synopsis
Fiddler on the Roof takes place in Russia during the early 1900s, in a jewish town called Anatevka, during the Pale of Settlement. The musical centers around Tevye, a father of 5 daughters (the 3 oldest have varying love stories), and is the sole narrator. Yente, the village’s matchmakers tells Golde (Tevye’s wife) that Lazar Wolf (the local butcher) wants to mary Tzeitel (Tevye’s oldest daughter). Yet, Tzeitel claims to be in love with Motel, a childhood friend, and the local tailor. Tevye’s 2nd daughter Hodel begins to fall in love with Perchick, a radical student from Kiev. Chava, the third-eldest, is given a book by a young Christian named Fyedka, and they start to converse about literature. Meanwhile, Tevye agrees to arrange a marriage to Lazar Wolf with Tzeitel, when the Tzeitel and Motel claim to have given eachother “a pledge” of love, which shifts Tevye’s traditional views on marriage. Tevye has a dream which convinces Golde that the engagement between Tzeitel and the Lazar Wolf must be called off. At Tzeitel and Motel's wedding, the Russians attack and damage the village. The situation becomes increasingly unstable for Jews in the village: the Russians plan to expel them from their homes. Tzeitel and Motel have a baby, and Motel gets a sewing machine. Perchik and Hodel get engaged and tell Tevye, who is surprised they didn’t ask his permission. He initially refuses, but upon realizing they would elope, he gives them his blessing. Perchik is later arrested for his revolutionary activities and sent to Siberia where Hodel follows him. Chava and Fyedka also ask Tevye for their blessing to marry, but after some issues, he refuses to allow Chava to marry outside the Jewish faith. Chava and Fyedka then elope, and Tevye tells the family that Chava is dead to them. The Russians continue to enact persecution on the Jews, evicting them from their homes. Tevye, Golde, Motel, Tzeitel, and the others plan to leave to America. Chava and Fyedka speak to Golde, and though he still doesn’t talk to her, Tevye asks Golde to give them a blessing. The musical ends as everyone leaves their traditional village, with the fiddler following them out of Anatevka.
History of Fiddler
Prior to becoming a musical Fiddler on the Roof started as a series of stories by Sholem Aleichem that he wrote in Yiddish between 1894 and 1914 about Tevye and his daughters. The original broadway production opened in 1964 and was the first musical theatre run in history to surpass 3,000 performances. Sholem Aleichem is often referred to as the “Jewish Mark Twain”.
Fiddler held the record for the longest-running Broadway musical for almost 10 years until Grease surpassed its run.
Fiddler has won nine Tony Awards, including best musical, score, book, direction, and choreography
There have been 5 Broadway revivals of Fiddler and 4 West End revivals
Fun Facts about Fiddler on the Roof
Several songs were deleted from the musical, including a song titled “Dear Sweet Sewing Machine”.
To get the visuals he wanted for the 1971 Film Version, Cinematographer Oswald Morris had a woman’s stocking draped over his camera lens.
Fiddler on the Roof was a hit in Japan. "it’s so Japanese” remarked a Japanese producer.
Fiddler on the Roof Movie
Fiddler was adapted into a movie in 1971. The movie version of the musical was produced and directed by Norman Jewison. The film grossed $83.3 million worldwide on a $9 million budget, and became the highest-grossing film of 1971. The movie was up for 8 nominations during the 44th Academy Awards and won 3 (Best Score Adaptation, Best Cinematography, and Best Sound). The movie also won two Golden Globes (Best Motion Picture and Best Actor in a Motion Picture). Also, Chaim Topol, who played Tevye in the movie later portrayed Tevye in the 1991 revival.
Fiddler on the Roof Character Names Meanings
Tevye: the yiddish form of Tobiah, "the goodness of God”
Tzeitel: a variation of Sarah, meaning “princess”
Hodel: Yiddish variant of Hadassah, meaning myrtle; it was Esther’s original name
Chava: the same name as Eve; which means “life”
Motel: a diminutive form of Mordecai
Fyedka: a diminutive form of Fyodor
Lazar Wolf: Lazar is the Yiddish version of Lazarus meaning “my God has helped”
Yente: Yiddish term for a gossip, or a "busybody"
Shaindel: variant of Shaindel, diminutive of Shayna, which is Yiddish for “beautiful”
Mendel: diminutive for Hebrew Menachem, meaning “comforter”
Fruma-Sarah: Fruma is Yiddish for “pious”
Avram: Abram (Abraham) in English, meaning “exalted father”
Nahum: Hebrew meaning “comforter”
Yussel: a Yiddish variant of Joseph