What is LaTeX?
LaTeX (pronounced /ˈleɪtɛk/, /ˈleɪtɛx/, or /ˈlɑːtɛk/) is a document markup language and document preparation system for the TeX typesetting program. Within the typesetting system, its name is styled as . (Source: Wikipedia)
LaTeX is a high-quality typesetting system; it includes features designed for the production of technical and scientific documentation. LaTeX is the de facto standard for the communication and publication of scientific documents. LaTeX is available as free software. (Source: LaTeX-project)
Learn LaTeX
Learn LaTeX in 30 minutes - The guide does not require you to have any prior knowledge of LaTeX, but by the time you are finished, you will have written your first LaTeX document, and hopefully will have a good knowledge of some of the basic functions provided by LaTeX.
Recommended distributions and text editor
Distributions
MacTeX - A redistribution of TeX Live. While TeX Live is designed to be cross-platform (running on Unix, macOS, and Windows), MacTeX includes Mac-specific utilities and front-ends.
MiKTeX - A distribution of the TeX/LaTeX typesetting system for Microsoft Windows.
TeX Live - A distribution of the TeX/LaTeX typesetting system for several Linux distributions.
Text editor
Texmaker - Free cross-platform LaTeX editor for Windows, MacOsX, and Linux.
Online editors
Overleaf - Online collaborative LaTeX editor with integrated real-time preview.
ShareLaTeX - An online LaTeX editor that's easy to use. No installation, real-time collaboration, version control, hundreds of LaTeX templates, and more.
Learn by yourself
The not so short introduction to LaTeX - If you want to learn how to write your documents with LaTeX,
this introduction is for you.
Additional features
Calc2LaTeX - An OpenOffice.org Calc (Spreadsheet) macro for converting tables. It makes making tables on LaTeX very easy.
Excel2LATEX- Convert Excel tables to LaTeX tables.
LaTeX symbols handwrite recognition - Just draw the symbol you want and the website gives the correct code and mentions the necessary packages to have it in LaTeX.
LaTeXDraw is a free PSTricks code generator or PSTricks editor for LateX distributed under the GNU GPL. LaTeXDraw is developed in java, so it's independent of the OS.
LaTeX Fonts - Finding the right font is always difficult. Here are some examples to make this task not so hard.