The global gene therapy market was valued at USD 3.61 billion in 2019 and is projected to reach USD 35.67 billion by 2027, growing at a robust compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 33.6%. In 2019, the United States led the global landscape, accounting for 59.83% of the total market share.
Gene Therapy Market Overview
This market is poised for significant expansion, driven by rapid technological advancements—particularly in CRISPR-Cas9 and CAR-T-based gene editing. Gene therapy offers a revolutionary approach to treatment by delivering functional genes to replace or repair defective ones, targeting the root cause of disease rather than merely managing symptoms. This therapeutic method uses both viral and non-viral vectors, allowing for precision targeting of genetic disorders that were previously considered untreatable.
Gene editing technologies are now being applied to both somatic and germline cells, unlocking new possibilities in precision medicine. This innovation has expanded the scope of gene therapy into chronic and life-threatening diseases such as cancer and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Recognized for its potential as a one-time curative solution, gene therapy directly modifies DNA, offering long-term benefits for patients.
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Market Segmentation
By Application:
The market is segmented into oncology, neurology, and others. In 2019, neurology led the market, fueled by the high cost and usage of treatments for SMA. However, the oncology segment is expected to witness the fastest growth, driven by increased industry focus on cancer therapies and a strong clinical pipeline.
By Vector Type:
Gene therapies are categorized into viral and non-viral vectors. Viral vectors dominated in 2019, with approximately 58% of pipeline therapies utilizing them—particularly Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV), known for its safety and therapeutic effectiveness. Non-viral vectors, including bacterial vectors and plasmid DNA, are expected to grow more modestly due to slower development.
By Distribution Channel:
Hospitals remain the primary distribution channel, owing to their advanced infrastructure and accessibility for complex gene therapy treatments. Clinics are also projected to grow steadily as more specialized centers expand their advanced therapeutic offerings, especially in oncology and neurology.
List Of Key Companies Profiled in Gene Therapy Market:
Novartis AG
Spark Therapeutics, Inc.
Biogen
Gilead Sciences, Inc
Amgen, Inc.
Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Sarepta Therapeutics
GlaxoSmithKline plc
Other Prominent Players
Market Driving Factors:
The global burden of rare genetic disorders continues to increase. For instance, spinal muscular atrophy affects approximately 1 in every 10,000 live births in the U.S., according to the National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD). Gene therapy has emerged as a promising option for addressing these previously untreatable conditions.
Cancer, one of the most prevalent global health challenges, also presents a significant growth opportunity. According to WHO and Globocan estimates, global five-year cancer prevalence stands at around 43 million cases. Gene therapy is playing a pivotal role in cancer prevention and treatment, particularly for patients with inherited genetic mutations that predispose them to the disease.
Market Restraints:
Despite its transformative potential, gene therapy remains among the most expensive treatment options available. Promoted as a single-dose solution that addresses genetic defects at their source, the cost barrier is substantial. For example, Novartis’ gene therapy drug Kymriah is priced at USD 475,000 in the U.S. and USD 306,000 in Japan. These high costs have created hesitation among insurers, potentially impeding wider adoption and market expansion in the coming years.
Regional Insights
In 2019, the U.S. gene therapy market was valued at USD 2.16 billion, supported by a high prevalence of chronic diseases, early adoption of advanced treatments, and favorable reimbursement frameworks. The country remains a central hub for product launches, as regulatory approvals in many developing markets are still limited.
Europe continues to advance in gene therapy through strong investment in research and a favorable policy environment. Over 100 companies across the region are actively involved in gene therapy development, reinforcing its position as a key market.
Asia Pacific, while currently holding a smaller share, is gaining momentum. Although high treatment costs hinder widespread adoption, countries like India are actively developing regulatory policies to support gene therapy commercialization.
Key Industry Developments:
June 2021: Biogen Inc. announced encouraging Phase 3 results for timrepigene emparvovec (BIIB111/AAV2-REP1), an investigational gene therapy for choroideremia.
February 2021: Spark Therapeutics began dosing the first U.S. participant in its global gene therapy clinical trial for Pompe Disease.
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