Kirtan is sung in raag and is accompanied by a taal (beat). Guru Nanak Dev Ji (the first guru) introduced the Rabab to Bhai Mardana to accompany him on his travels. Historically speaking, stringed instruments like the Rabab, Sarangi, Dilruba, Saranda, Taus etc. created the melody for kirtan, accompanied by the Jori in some cases. However since the late 19th century the harmonium and tabla have increased in popularity.

Whichever instrument you choose, it is important to understand the raag shabad must follow, as written in the Guru Granth Sahib. The raag sets the emotion and tone of the shabad. Learning the raags however can be daunting for beginners, and many find it easier to learn shabads in a tune they are already familiar with. At higher levels, learning the proper raag is absolutely necessary. I will upload more information about raags in the coming days.