Magnetic Memory Devices
Magnetic materials have been used for memory devices, such as magnetic tape and hard disk drives. Recently, a much faster and low-power consuming memory device has been developed based on spin-electronics technology. This memory is called Magnetic Random Access Memory (MRAM), and it has been commercialized by several companies, such as Everspin, Avalache, Samsung, and TSMC. For a wide application of MRAM, we need to improve the operation, reading, and scaling properties of MRAM.