Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota
Ph.D., 1998 Child Psychology with a minor in Interpersonal Relationships
Thesis: “Social Provisions of Real and Imaginary Relationships in Early Childhood”
Dartmouth College
A.B., 1990 (Magna Cum Laude) in Psychology modified with Music and in French
2022-
Chair, Department of Psychology, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA.
2013-
Professor, Department of Psychology, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA.
2023-
Faculty Co-Director, Hillary Rodham Clinton Center for Citizenship, Leadership, and Democracy
2020-2025
Faculty Director, Wellesley Calderwood Seminars in Public Writing
2005-2013
Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA.
1998-2005
Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA.
2000-2017
Psychological Director, Wellesley College Child Study Center, Wellesley, MA.
1993-1998
Graduate student at the Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
1997
Teacher/intern, Shirley G. Moore Laboratory Preschool, Minneapolis, MN.
1995-1997
Instructor, Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
Developmental Psychology
Research Methods in Developmental Psychology
Seminar: Social Imagination
Seminar: Early Relationships
Calderwood Seminar in Public Writing: Psychology in the Public Interest
Independent Study in Developmental Psychology
Honors Research in Developmental Psychology
Marion and Jasper Whiting Foundation Fellowship (2021), Play: A Cross-Cultural and Comparative Examination of Human Development ($2026).
Co-Principal Investigator (PI: Wendy Robeson, Co-PI: Nancy Marshall) on a 3-year (2001-2004) project grant Family Income, Infant Child Care, and Child Development ($724,283) to the Centers for Research on Women and Abt Associates, Inc. from the Health and Human Services Administration for Children and Families, Child Care Bureau.
*designates student co-author
Gleason, T. & Madsen, S. (in press). Imaginary athletes: Prevalence, forms, and developmental functions. Social Development.
*Wang, M. M., Gleason, T., & Chen, S. (2024). Understanding children's pro-wealth bias: A mixed-methods study with children from ethnic minority immigrant families. Developmental Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001853
Bond, B., Dill-Shackleford, K., Dibble, J., Gleason, T., Jennings, N., Rosaen, S., & Tukachinsky Forster, R. (2024). Parasocial relationships in children and teens. In D. Christakis & L. Hale (Eds.), Children and Screens: A Handbook on Digital Media and the Development, Health, and Well-being of Children and Adolescents. Springer Nature.
Richert, R., Choi, K., Gleason, T. R., Goldstein, T., & Sibert, S. M. (2024). Screen media and children's imagination, creativity, and play. In D. Christakis & L. Hale (Eds.), Children and Screens: A Handbook on Digital Media and the Development, Health, and Well-being of Children and Adolescents. Springer Nature.
*Wang, M. Z., *Ng, V., & Gleason, T. (2023). Toy stories: Children's use of gender stereotypes in making social judgments. Acta Psychologica, 235, 103879. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.103879
Gleason, T., & White, R. (2023). Pretend play as abstraction: Implications for early development and beyond. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 147, 105090. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105090
Gleason, T., Tarsha, M., Kurth, A., & Narvaez, D. (2021). Opportunities for free play and young children’s autonomic regulation, Developmental Psychobiology, 63(6), e22134. doi: 10.1002/dev.22134
Gleason, T., Theran, S., & *Newberg, E. (2020). Connections between adolescents’ parasocial interactions and recollections of childhood imaginative activities. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality, 39(3), 241-260. doi: 10.1177/0276236619825810
Gleason, T. R., & Narvaez, D. (2019). Beyond resilience to thriving: Optimizing child wellbeing. International Journal of Wellbeing, 9(4), 59-78. doi:10.5502/ijw.v9i4.987
Narvaez, D., Wang, L., Cheng, A., Gleason, T., Woodbury, R., Kurth, A., & Lefever, J.B. (2019). The importance of early life touch for psychosocial and moral development. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 32, 16. doi: 10.1186/s41155-019-0129-0
Chen, S.H., Gleason, T.R, *Wang, M., Liu, C.H, & Wang, L. (2019). Perceptions of social status in Chinese American children: Associations with social cognitions and socioemotional well-being. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 10(4), 362-372. doi:10.1037/aap0000161
Narvaez, D., Woodbury, R., Cheng, Y., Wang, L., Kurth, A., Gleason, T., Deng, L., Gutzwiller-Helfenfinger, E., Christen, M., & Näpflin, C. (2019). Evolved Developmental Niche Provision Report: Moral socialization, social thriving, and social maladaptation in three countries. Sage Open, 9(2). doi:10.1177/2158244019840123
Gleason, T. (2017). The psychological significance of play with imaginary companions in early childhood. Learning and Behavior, 45, 432-440 doi: 10.3758/s13420-017-0284-z
Gleason, T.R., Theran, S.A., & *Newberg, E.M. (2017). Parasocial interactions and relationships in early adolescence. Frontiers in Psychology: Developmental, 8, 255. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00255
Gleason, T. R., & Geer, B. L. (2017). Insights into the mind of the child. In K. Masiulanis & E. Cummins (Eds.), How to Grow a Playspace (pp. 45-54). New York, NY: Routledge.
Narvaez, D., Gleason, T., Lefever, J.B., Wang, L., & Cheng, A. (2016). Early experience and triune ethics orientation. In D. Narvaez (Ed.), Embodied morality: Protectionism, engagement and imagination (pp. 73-98). New York, NY: Palgrave-Macmillan.
Gleason, T., Narvaez, D., Cheng, Y., Wang, L., & Brooks, J. (2016). Well-being and sociomoral development in preschoolers: The role of maternal parenting attitudes consistent with the evolved developmental niche. In D. Narvaez, J. Braungart-Rieker, L. Miller, L. Gettler, & P. Hastings (Eds.), Contexts for young child flourishing: Evolution, family and society (pp. 166-184). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Gleason, T. (2015). Memories of and reflections on play. International Journal of Play, 4(3), 224-227. doi: 10.1080/21594937.2015.1106041
Gleason, T., & Kalpidou, M. (2014). Imaginary companions and young children’s coping and competence. Social Development, 23, 820-839. doi: 10.1111/sode.12078
Gleason, T., & Narvaez, D. (2014). Childhood environments and flourishing. In D. Narvaez, K. Valentino, A. Fuentes, J. McKenna, & P. Gray (Eds.), Ancestral landscapes in human evolution: Culture, childrearing and social wellbeing (pp. 335-348). New York: Oxford.
Narvaez, D., Gleason, T., Brooks, J., Wang, L., Lefever, J., Cheng, Y., & Centers for the Prevention of Child Neglect. (2013). The evolved development niche: Longitudinal effects of caregiving practices on early childhood psychosocial development. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 28, 759-773.
Gleason, T. (2013). Imaginary relationships. In M. Taylor (Ed.), Handbook of the development of imagination (pp. 251-271). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Narvaez, D., Wang, L., Gleason, T., Cheng, Y., Lefever, J., & Deng, L. (2013). The Evolved Developmental Niche and child sociomoral outcomes in Chinese three-year-olds. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, Special Issue: Moral Development, 10, 106-127.
Narvaez, D., Panksepp, A., Schore, A., & Gleason, T. (Eds.). (2013). Evolution, early experience and human development: From research to practice and policy. Oxford University Press.
Theran, S., Gleason, T., & *Newberg, E. (2010). Adolescent girls’ parasocial interactions with media figures. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 171, 270-277.
Gleason, T. (2007). Murray: The stuffed bunny. In S. Turkle (Ed.), Evocative objects (pp. 170-177). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Gleason, T., & *Hohmann, L. (2006). Concepts of real and imaginary friendships in early childhood. Social Development, 15, 128-144. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9507.2006.00333.x.
Gleason, T. (2005). Mothers’ and fathers’ attitudes regarding pretend play in the context of imaginary companions and child gender. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 51, 412-436.
Gleason, T., *Gower, A., *Hohmann, L., & Gleason, T. (2005). Temperament and friendship in preschool-aged children. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 29, 336-344.
Gleason, T. (2004a). Imaginary companions and peer acceptance. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 28, 204-209.
Gleason, T. (2004b). Imaginary companions: An evaluation of parents as reporters. Infant and Child Development, 13, 199-215.
Gleason, T., *Jarudi, R. & Cheek, J. (2003). Imagination, personality, and imaginary companions. Social Behavior and Personality, 31, 721-737.
Gleason, T. (2002). Social provisions of real and imaginary relationships in early childhood. Developmental Psychology, 38, 979-992.
Gleason, T., Sebanc, A., & Hartup, W. (2000). Imaginary companions of preschool children. Developmental Psychology, 36, 419-428. Reprinted in Annual Progress in Child Psychiatry and Child Development 2000-2001. M. Hertzig & E. Faber (Eds.), New York: Brunner-Routledge.
Collins, W. A., Gleason, T., & Sesma, A., (1997). Internalization, autonomy, and relationships: Development during adolescence. In J. Grusec & L. Kuczynski (Eds.), Parenting and children’s internalization of values: A handbook of contemporary theory (pp. 78-99). New York: Wiley.
Society for Research in Child Development
Association for Psychological Science