3D/4D printing
4D printing represents the new generation of 3D printing, since it allows to fabricate dynamic structures whose shapes, properties, or functionalities can change as a function of time. This capability mainly relies on an appropriate exploitation of smart stimuli-responsive materials' properties. The great advantages in terms of easier manufacturing, transport and control, lower costs and times, open the door to innovative applications in, e.g., aerospace, soft robotics, architecture, and automotive.
The aim of this activity is the analysis and design of 4D printed structures through a combination of theoretical, numerical, and experimental approaches. Explored materials are shape-memory polymers and hydrogels.
Talks:
Talk at 4D Printing and Metamaterials conference: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=igqZGCpf2XA&ab_channel=jakajima
Talk at WCCM-ECCOMAS 2020: https://slideslive.com/38945666
Key publications:
L. Bonetti, A. Cobianchi, D. Natali, S. Pandini, M. Messori, M. Toselli, G. Scalet, Solvent-triggered shape change in gradient-based 4D printed bilayers: case study on semi-crystalline polymer networks, Soft Matter, -, 2024, -. (doi)
L. Bonetti, D. Natali, S. Pandini, M. Messori, M. Toselli, G. Scalet, 4D printing of semi-crystalline crosslinked polymer networks with two-way shape-memory effect. Materials & Design, 238, 11272 , 2024. (doi)
C. Pasini, N. Inverardi, D. Battini, G. Scalet, S. Marconi, F. Auricchio, S. Pandini, Experimental investigation and modeling of the temperature memory effect in a 4D-printed auxetic structure. Smart Materials and Structures, 31, 095021, 2022. (pre-print version) (doi)
N. Inverardi, M. Toselli, G. Scalet, M. Messori, F. Auricchio, S. Pandini, Stress-Free Two-Way Shape Memory Effect of Poly(ethylene glycol)/Poly(ε-caprolactone) Semicrystalline Networks. Macromolecules 2022, 55, 19, 8533–8547. (doi)
Y. Wang, E. Sachyani Keneth, A. Kamyshny, G. Scalet, F. Auricchio, S. Magdassi, 4D Multimaterial Printing of Programmable and Selective Light-Activated Shape-Memory Structures with Embedded Gold Nanoparticles. Advanced Materials Technologies, 2101058, 2021. (post-peer-review) (doi)
N. Inverardi, G. Scalet, A. Melocchi, M. Uboldi, A. Maroni, L. Zema, A. Gazzaniga, F. Auricchio, F. Briatico-Vangosa, F. Baldi, S. Pandini, Experimental and computational analysis of a pharmaceutical-grade shape memory polymer applied to the development of gastroretentive drug delivery systems. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 124, 104814, 2021. (post-peer-review) (doi)
S. Pakvis, G. Scalet, S. Marconi, F. Auricchio, M. Langelaar, Modeling, Topology Optimization and Experimental Validation of Glass-Transition-based 4D-printed Polymeric Structures, in: 9th edition of the International Conference on Computational Methods for Coupled Problems in Science and Engineering (COUPLED PROBLEMS 2021). (publish version)
E. Sachyani Keneth, R. Lieberman, M. Rednor, G. Scalet, F. Auricchio, S. Magdassi, Multi-Material 3D Printed Shape Memory Polymer with Tunable Melting and Glass Transition Temperature Activated by Heat or Light, Polymers, 12(3), 710, 2020. (publish version) (doi)
S. Pandini, N. Inverardi, G. Scalet, D. Battini, F. Bignotti, S. Marconi F. Auricchio, Shape memory response and hierarchical motion capabilities of 4D printed auxetic structures, Mechanics Research Communications, 103, 103463, 2020. (pre-print version) (doi)
N. Inverardi, S. Pandini, F. Bignotti, G. Scalet, S. Marconi F. Auricchio, Sequential Motion of 4D Printed Photopolymers with Broad Glass Transition, Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 305(1), 1900370, 2020. (pre-print version) (doi)
A. Melocchi, M. Uboldi, N. Inverardi, F. Briatico-Vangosa, F. Baldi, S. Pandini, G. Scalet, F. Auricchio, M. Cerea, A. Foppoli, A. Maroni, L. Zema, A. Gazzaniga, Expandable drug delivery system for gastric retention based on shape memory polymers: Development via 4D printing and extrusion, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 571, 118700, 2019. (pre-print version) (doi)
N. Inverardi, S. Pandini, F. Bignotti, G. Scalet, S. Marconi, F. Auricchio. Temperature-memory effect in 3D printed photopolymers with broad glass transition, AIP Conference Proceedings, 1981, 1-4, 2018
Past special issues:
Special Issue on "Shape Memory Polymer Actuators" on MDPI Actuators. Webpage: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/actuators/special_issues/smpa