When applying to graduate school, most programs will ask you to describe your research interests—either as part of your personal statement or in a separate research statement. This is your opportunity to show that you can think creatively and scientifically, that you understand how research builds on existing work, and that you can see yourself growing into an independent researcher.
You don’t need to have a fully developed proposal or years of experience to talk about your ideas. Admissions committees are looking for curiosity, motivation, and a sense of direction. A strong research statement explains what questions excite you, why they matter, and how they connect to the work happening in your intended field or program.
Helpful Links:
[add links here]
Graduate research can take many forms depending on your discipline, your advisor’s research program, and how projects are funded. When writing about your research interests, it helps to understand what kind of project you might be joining or developing:
1. Independent Projects (Student-Initiated)
These are projects you design yourself, often with guidance from a potential advisor. You identify the research question, design the experiments or analyses, and build the proposal from the ground up. These projects are most common in programs that emphasize independence early (e.g., fellowships, some social sciences or humanities).
2. Projects within an Advisor’s Research Area
Many graduate students work on topics that align with their advisor’s existing research program. In this case, your work may contribute to broader lab goals or expand a current project into a new direction. When writing about your interests, highlight how your ideas connect with and build upon your advisor’s niche area of expertise.
3. Partially Funded or Predefined Projects
Some labs or departments have funding tied to specific grants. You may join a project where some goals or methods are already established, but you’ll still have flexibility to shape your own questions within that framework. These projects balance structure and independence and are common in STEM fields.
4. Fully Planned or Funded PhD Proposals
In some cases—particularly in large collaborative grants or industry partnerships—the project and its funding are already secured before you join. Your role is to carry out defined objectives, though there is still room to contribute your own ideas to data interpretation and future directions.
Although the terms are sometimes used interchangeably, research statements and research proposals serve different purposes and appear at different stages of your academic career.
A research statement is a snapshot of your current interests and potential. It communicates what topics you care about, what skills or perspectives you bring, and how your ideas fit within a graduate program or advisor’s research. It’s not expected to have a full experimental plan—rather, it shows that you can think critically, identify meaningful questions, and understand the broader impact of your work.
Think of it as:
A vision for where you want to go as a researcher
A way to show fit with the program or advisor
A reflection of your curiosity and readiness for graduate study
A research proposal, on the other hand, is a detailed plan for a specific project. It’s often required once you’re already in graduate school (e.g., for a thesis, dissertation, or fellowship). A proposal includes background literature, hypotheses or objectives, methods, expected outcomes, and significance. It’s evaluated for feasibility, scientific merit, and contribution to the field.
Think of it as:
A structured plan for executing research
A demonstration of your ability to design and justify a study
A document that guides or secures funding for your work