Objective

Question-2. How much carbon is present in the earth's crust as minerals?

Ans- 0.02%

Question-3. How much carbon is present in the atmosphere as carbon-di-oxide?

Ans- 0.03%

Question-4. Which hydrocarbon has the general formula CnH2n ?

Ans- alkene

Question-5. What is the atomic number of carbon?

Ans- 6

Question-6. What happens to the molten state or aqueous solution power of ionic compounds?

Ans- good conductor

Question-7. What are the melting and boiling points of ionic compounds?

Ans- high

Question-8. How many electrons are in the outermost shell of carbon?

Ans- 4

Question-9. What is the valency of carbon?

Ans- 4

Question-10. What compound do carbon atoms always form?

Ans- covalent compound

Question-11. Compounds of carbon mainly consist of?

Ans- co-connector

Question-12. What kind of bond is formed between the atoms of hydrogen, chlorine and fluorine?

Ans- a bond

Question-13. What kind of bond is formed between two atoms of oxygen?

Ans- double bond

Question-14. What kind of bond is formed between two atoms of nitrogen?

Ans- triple bond

Question-15. Carbon is the simplest compound of the compound?

Ans- Methane (CH₄)

Question-16. Methane is a component of?

Ans- Biogas and Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)

Question-17. What is the chemical formula of ammonia?

Ans- NH₃

Question-18. What are the electrons that take part in pair sharing and form bonds called?

Ans- covalent bond or bond pair

Question-19. What are compounds made of covalent bonds called?

Ans- covalent compound

Question-20. What are the boiling points and melting points of a covalent compound?

Ans- low [Exception - Diamond]

Question-21. What are covalent compounds of electricity?

Ans- Insulator

Question-22. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and ammonia (NH₃) are covalent compounds that are ............ of electricity.

Ans- good conductor

Question-23. In what state do covalent compounds usually occur?

Ans- in liquid and gaseous state (Glucose, except sugar and urea)

Question-24. How many types of covalent compounds are there?

Ans- 2 (two)

Question-25. What is a bond called when electrons are shared between two similar atoms?

Ans- nonpolar covalent bond

Question-26. When electrons are shared between two dissimilar atoms, what is such a bond called?

Ans- polar covalent bond

Question-27. Which are the two main allotropes of carbon?

Ans- diamond and graphite

Question-28. What is the purest form of carbon?

Ans- Diamond

Question-29. What is the hardest material?

Ans- Dimond

Question-30. How many faces does a diamond have, and what is its refractive index?

Ans-

panel → 8

refractive index → high

Question-31. What happens to diamond, electricity and heat?

Ans- Insulator

Question-32. What is used for cutting glass and piercing stones?

Ans- of diamond

Question-33. What is the structure of diamond?

Ans- tetrahedral

Question-34. Each carbon atom in a diamond is bonded to how many other carbon atoms?

Ans- 4 (four)

Question-35. What is the structure of graphite?

Ans- hexagonal

Question-36. Each carbon atom in graphite is bonded to how many other carbon atoms?

Ans- 3 (three)

Question-37. What is graphite like?

Ans- smooth and slippery

Question-38. What happens to graphite, electricity and heat?

Ans- good conductor

Question-39. Which is used as an electrode in pencil making and power plants?

Ans- of graphite

Question-40. There is another class of carbon allotropes?

Ans- fullerene

Question-41. What is the structure of fullerene?

Ans- like football

Question-42. What happens to fullerenes?

Ans- good conductor

Question-43. What is the melting point of fullerene?

Ans- high

Question-44. The carbon atom has the property of bonding to itself. What is this property of carbon called?

Ans- chaining (self-bonding or catenation)

Question-45. What type of bond do carbon atoms form with each other and with atoms of other elements?

Ans- single bond, double bond and triple bond

Question-46. What is a compound of carbon attached to only one bond called?

Ans- saturated compound

Question-47. What is a compound of carbon attached to a double bond and a triple bond called?

Ans- unsaturated compound

Question-48. The bond of carbon is stronger, due to which its compounds form?

Ans- permanent

Question-49. What is the number of its compound due to tetravalency of carbon?

Ans- huge (much)

Question-50. What are compounds made of only carbon and hydrogen called?

Ans- hydrocarbons

Question-51. What are the main types of hydrogen?

Ans- 4 (four)

Question-52. What is a hydrocarbon in which all the four valencies of a carbon atom are held together by a single bond?

Ans- saturated hydrocarbons

Question-53. Saturated hydrocarbons are not more?

Ans- active

Question-54. What does paraffin mean?

Ans- less reactive

Question-55. What are saturated hydrocarbons called according to the IUPAC system?

Ans- alkane

Question-56. What is the general formula of an alkene?

Ans- CnH₂n + 2

Question-57. What is the first member of alkene?

Ans- Methane (CH₄)

Question-58. A hydrocarbon in which all the four valencies of the carbon atom are not completely saturated with hydrogen are called what?

Ans- unsaturated hydrocarbons

Question-59. What are unsaturated hydrocarbons?

Ans- more active

Question-60. What is the general formula of alkene?

Ans- CnH2n

Question-61. What is the first form of alkene?

Ans- Ethene (C₂H₄)

Question-62. What is the general formula of alkynes?

Ans- CnH2n-2

Question-63. What is the first member of alkyne?

Ans- Ethene (C₂H₂)

Question-64. What are the properties of alicyclic hydrocarbon compounds?

Ans- Saturated and unsaturated carbon compounds

Question-65. What is the general formula for alicyclic hydrocarbons?

Ans- CnH2n-2 (Like alkene)

Question-66. Aromatic hydrocarbons are held together by which type of bond?

Ans- Single bond and Double bond

Question-67. What is the first member of aromatic hydrocarbons?

Ans- Benzene (C₆H₆)

Question-68. Different organic compounds which have the same molecular formula but different structural formula, what are they called and what is this phenomenon called?

Ans-

Isomer or isomer

And this component is called → Isomerism

Question-69. What are straight chain alkanes called?

Ans- Normal Alkane

Question-70. What is it called when three carbon atoms are attached to one carbon atom?

Ans- Iso Alkane

Question-71. When four atoms are attached to a carbon atom, what is it called?

Ans- Neo Alkane

Question-72. What is a compound made of carbon and hydrogen called?

Ans- Hydrocarbons

Question-73. What are the elements that remove hydrogen called?

Ans- Odd Atom

Question-74. What are heterogeneous atoms called?

Ans- Functional group

Question-75. What are the groups present in a carbon compound on which the main property (chemical property) of that compound depends?

Ans- Functional group

Question-76. Such a series of carbon compounds in which all the members have the same functional group and there is a difference of CH₂ in the molecular formula of two consecutive members, is called what?

Ans- Homogeneous category

Question-77. What is the difference in the molecular formula of two consecutive members in a homologous series?

Ans- CH₂ of

Question-78. Which one group is present in all the members of the homogeneous category?

Ans- Functional group

Question-79. How many names do organic compounds have?

Ans- Two, [Common Name and IUPAC]

Question-80. Name the alkene having three carbon atoms?

Ans- Propane (C₃H₈)

Question-81. What is the full name of IUPAC?

Ans- International union of pure and applied chemistry

Question-82. How many isomers does butane have?

Ans- Two (Normal butane and Iso butane)

Question-83. Write the structure formula of propene?

Ans-

Question-84. Name the following functional groups?

Ans-

(-OH) → Alcohol

(-CHo) → Aldehyde

(=Co) → Ketones

(-CooH) → Carboxylic acid

Question-85. Write the general formula of the compound of unsaturated hydrocarbon having double bond.

Ans- CnH2n (Alkyne)

Question-86. Write the general formula of the compound of triple bonded unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Ans- CnH2n-1 (Alkyne)

Question-87. What is the general formula for bromopentane?

Ans- C₅H₁₁Br

Question-88. What is the molecular formula of ethanoic acid?

Ans- CH₃CooH

Question-89. What is the molecular formula of hexanyl?

Ans- C₅H₁₁CHO

Question-90. What is the molecular formula of butanone?

Ans- CH₃CoC₂H₅

Question-91. What is combustion?

Ans- Oxidation

Question-92. What is used for welding metals?

Ans- of Oxy-Acetylene

Question-93. Do saturated hydrocarbons cause complete combustion in sufficient volume of air?

Ans- Yes

Question-94. Do unsaturated hydrocarbons cause complete combustion in sufficient amount of air?

Ans- No

Question-95. What is the percentage of carbon in unsaturated hydrocarbons?

Ans- 92.3%

Question-96. Compounds of carbon are mostly used in the form of?

Ans- As fuels

Question-97. Which substances are present in wood, coal or charcoal?

Ans- Volatile matter

Question-98. Coal and petroleum are made of?

Ans- by living mass

Question-99. What are the sources of energy coal, petroleum, natural gas?

Ans- Non-renewable source

Question-100. What is a chemical reaction in which oxygen is combined called?

Ans- Oxidation reaction

Question-101. Ethanol gets oxidised to

Ans- in ethanoic acid

Question-102. Petroleum is a complex mixture of

Ans- of various hydrocarbons

Question-103. Which reaction is called the conversion of ethanol to ethanoic acid?

Ans- Oxidation reaction

Question-104. What is the substance that provides oxygen called?

Ans- oxidising agent

Question-105. What are the chemical reactions in which repulsors (double-bonding or triple-bonding) are used in a carbon compound called?

Ans- Collection reaction

Question-106. What is involved in the addition reaction?

Ans- of repellents

Question-107. What is it called that increases or decreases the rate of a reaction?

Ans- Catalyst

Question-108. What is a saturated hydrocarbon?

Ans- Low working

Question-109. What is the addition reaction of a compound with hydrogen called?

Ans- Hydrogenation reaction

Question-110. What is hydrogenation used for?

Ans- In making vegetable ghee from vegetable oil (edible oil)

Question-111. What is in vegetable oils like soybean oil, peanut oil, fortune, saffola, etc.?

Ans- unsaturated fatty acids

Question-112. Are unsaturated fatty acids good for health?

Ans- Profitable

Question-113. Are saturated fatty acids good for health?

Ans- Harmful

Question-114. What happens in animal fat (butter)?

Ans- Saturated fatty acids

Question-115. A chemical reaction in which an atom or group of atoms of a reactant replaces an atom or group of atoms in a compound is called what?

Ans- Substitution reaction

Question-116. Substitution reaction usually takes place with

Ans- with saturated hydrocarbons

Question-117. What is the reaction of a compound with chlorine called?

Ans- Chlorination

Question-118. Ethanol is a member of the alcohol category?

Ans- Second

Question-119. In what state is ethanol at room temperature?

Ans- In liquid state

Question-120. What is Ethanol like?

Ans- Colorless, neutral and good solvent

Question-121. How does ethanol smell?

Ans- Sweet

Question-122. Who is the first member of the alcohol category?

Ans- Methanol

Question-123. What kind of liquid is methanol?

Ans- Poisonous

Question-124. Which reaction is fermentation?

Ans- Exothermic

Question-125. What is a type of enzyme?

Ans- Catalyst

Question-126. What is the second member of the carboxylic acid group?

Ans- Ethanoic acid

Question-127. What is the common name for ethanoic acid?

Ans- Acetic acid

Question-128. What is a 3-4% solution of acetic acid called?

Ans- Vinegar

Question-129. What is formed by the reaction of carboxylic acid and alcohol?

Ans- Ester

Question-130. What is the process of forming an ester called?

Ans- Estimation

Question-131. What are esters used for?

Ans- In the manufacture of artificial perfumes and perfumes

Question-132. Esters react in the presence of an acid or a base to form carboxylic and alcohol. What is this reaction called?

Ans- Saponification

Question-133. What is saponification used for?

Ans- Soap

Question-134. Ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate to form what?

Ans- Sodium ethanoate (Sodium acetate)

Question-135. What does ethanoic acid smell like?

Ans- Sharp

Question-136. Ethanoic acid is present in water?

Ans- Solute

Question-137. Ethanoic acid is?

Ans- Acidic

Question-138. Substances that are used for washing and cleaning with aqueous medium are called?

Ans- Soap and Detergent

Question-139. What is soap made from?

Ans- from fatty acids

Question-140. High straight chain carboxylic acids (C₁₂-C₂₀) are called?

Ans- Fatty acid

Question-141. What are the sodium or potassium salts of long chain carboxylic acids or fatty acids called?

Ans- Soap

Question-142. What is the nature of soap?

Ans- Alkaline

Question-143. When soap is dissolved in water, into how many parts does it break?

Ans- in two parts

The first part - carboxylate anion

Second part - sodium cation

Question-144. Is oil in water?

Ans- Insoluble

Question-145. When soap is mixed with water and rubbed on a dirty cloth, what is formed?

Ans- of micelles

Question-146. What are the ammonium and sulfonate salts of long chain carboxylic acids called?

Ans- Detergent

Question-147. In which water can the detergent be used to wash and clean clothes?

Ans- even in hard water

Question-148. What is the cleaning function of detergent like?

Ans- like soap

Question-149. Detergent is in water?

Ans- more soluble

Question-150. What is the cleaning power of a detergent?

Ans- with soap

Question-151. What is the unique property of carbon?

Ans- of chain

Question-152. Due to which the number of organic compounds formed by carbon is more?

Ans- Fourth: Due to valency and catenation properties

Question-153. What is the following bond called?

Ans-

Single bond → Alkene

Double bond → Alkene

Tri-bond → Alkyne

Question-154. What can be a chain of carbon?

Ans- Straight, branched or annular

Question-155. What is the difference between two consecutive members of a homogeneous series?

Ans- CH₂ of

Question-156. Which groups are present in the molecules of soaps and detergents?

Ans- water-loving and water-loving

Question-157. Biogas mainly consists of?

Ans- CH₄ (Methane)

Question-158. Which is not a fossil fuel?

(a) Natural gas (b) Petroleum (c) Coal (d) Wood

Ans- (d) Wood

Question-159. What is the main component of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)?

Ans- CH₄ (Methane)

Question-160. Which of the following is an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

(a) C₂H₄ (b) C₄H₁₀ (c) CH₄ (d) C₆H₁₄

Ans- (a) C₂H₄

Question-161. Which of the following is a saturated hydrocarbon?

(a) propane (b) ethene (c) acetylene (d) butene

Ans- (a) propane

Question-162. What color is the exterior of a candle flame?

Ans- Blue

Question-163. Butanone is a quaternary carbon compound whose functional group is?

Ans- Ketone

Question-164. While cooking, if the bottom of the vessel is turning black from outside. This means that-

Ans- Fuel is not burning completely

Question-165. What are alkenes and alkynes called ………?

Ans- Unsaturated hydrocarbons

Question-166. What is a hydrocarbon that has a triple bond called?

Ans- Alkyne

Question-167. By whom can the work of washing be done even with hard water?

Ans- by detergent

Question-168. What are the compounds that contain the functional group CooH called?

Ans- Carboxylic acid

Question-169. An organic compound burns with soot flame. Is this compound saturated, or unsaturated?

Ans- unsaturated compound

Question-170. What happens when methane burns?

Ans- Carbon-di-oxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O)

Question-171. Which catalyst is used in hydrogenation?

Ans- Nickel

Question-172. Name the gas produced when ethanol reacts with sodium?

Ans- Hydrogen gas

Question-173. What would be the bond in the diatomic molecule of nitrogen?

Ans- Triple bond

Question-174. What is the IUPAC name of acetic acid?

Ans- Ethanoic acid

Question-175. What is the common name of ethanoic acid?

Ans- Acetic acid

Question-176. Name an important product of soap industry?

Ans- Glycerol

Question-177. Name a detergent.

Ans- Sodium lauryl sulfate

Question-178. How many carbon atoms are in fullerene?

Ans- 60

Question-179. What is the valency of carbon?

Ans- 4

Question-180. Carbon compounds are poor conductors of electricity because-

Ans- It does not give ions in solution

Question-181. Which is the inert element?

(a) Carbon (b) Helium (c) Gold (d) Hydrogen

Ans- (b) Helium

Question-182. Which of these substances is not made up of only carbon?

(a) Diamond (b) Graphite (c) Coal (d) Oxygen

Ans- (d) Oxygen

Question-183. Which organic matter is present in LPG?

Ans- Butane

Question-184. Which poisonous gas leaked in Bhopal gas tragedy?

Ans- Methyl isocyanide

Question-185. What is the general formula of an aldehyde?

Ans- CnH2n+1CHO

Question-186. Which of the following is a fossil fuel?

(a) Coal (b) Petroleum (c) LPG (d) All

Ans- (d) All

Question-187. What is obtained when vegetable oil or fat is heated with sodium hydroxide solution?

Ans- Soap and glycerol

Question-188. What are the effects of ethanol in excess on the body?

Ans- Metabolic process slows down

Question-189. What is the chemical formula of chloroform?

Ans- CHCl₃

Question-190. How many carbon atoms in diamond share with other atoms to form a three-dimensional structure?

Ans- 4 (Four)

Question-191. How many bonds are there between two carbon atoms in an alkene?

Ans- 3 (Three)

Question-192. Sugarcane juice is prepared by fermentation of .............. .

Ans- Alcohol (Ethanol)

Question-193. In which water soap gives better results for cleaning?

Ans- in soft water

Question-194. Which of the following is a foreign substance?

(a) methane (b) ethane (c) propane (d) benzene

Ans- (d) benzene

Question-195. What type of nutrition is necessary for sunlight?

Ans- Autotrophic

Question-196. What is obtained by photosynthesis?

Ans- Glucose

Question-197. Write the structure formula of ethanol.

Ans-

Question-198. The molecular formula of ethane is C₂H₆. in this-

Ans- 7 is a covalent bond.

Question-199. How many oxygen atoms are there in the ozone molecule?

Ans- 3 (Three)

Question-200. What is the ratio of the number of nitrogen and hydrogen atoms in a molecule of ammonia?

Ans- 1:3

Question-201. How many covalent bonds are there between nitrogen atoms in a molecule?

Ans- 3

Question-202. What is the molecular formula of benzene?

Ans- C₆H₆

Question-203. Which of the following is a covalent compound?

(a) CH₄, (b) NaCl, (c) CaCl₂, (d) Na₂O

Ans- (b) NaCl

Question-204. Ethyl alcohol is produced in which type of respiration?

Ans- Anaerobic

Question-205. Which hydrocarbon group has the structural formula CnH2n?

Ans- Alkene

Question-206. Write the IUPAC name of CH₃Cl?

Ans- Methyl chloride

Question-207. Write the structural formula of ethene?

Ans-

Question-208. Which of the following hydrocarbons has three bonds?

(a) CH₄, (b) C₂H₆, (c) C₃H₄, (d) C₃H₈

Ans- (c) C₃H₄

Question-209. Write the formula of laughing gas?

Ans- N₂O (nitrous oxide)

Question-210. Which of the following is an aromatic hydrocarbon?

(a) CH₄ (b) C₂H₄ (c) C₆H₆ (d) C₃H₈

Ans- (c) C₆H₆

Question-211. What is the molecular formula of ethyl alcohol?

Ans- C₂H₅OH

Question-212.How many covalent bonds are there in methane?

Ans- 6

Question-213. Ethine alcohol is formed in which type of respiration?

Ans- Anaerobic

Question-214. How many covalent bonds does ethane have?

Ans- 7