Objective

Question-1. What is the cover formed around an organism made up of abiotic factors called?

Ans- atmosphere

Question-2. What is the name of the system made by the organisms found in a particular area and the effect of the environment on them?

Ans- ecosystem or ecosystem

Question-3. What is the right balance between the environment and all the organisms in it and their activities called?

Ans- ecological balance

Question-4. What are the living components of an ecosystem called?

Ans- organic matter

Question-5. What is the person who takes plants and their various products as food called?

Ans- consumer

Question-6. What are the organisms that decompose the bodies and wastes of dead organisms called?

Ans- detergent

Question-7. .................... are called primary consumers.

Ans- Vegetarian

Question-8. comes under the environment.

(a) hydrosphere (b) lithosphere (c) atmosphere (d) all of them

Ans- (d) all of them

Question-9. How many oxygen atoms are there in one ozone molecule?

Ans- 3

Question-10. It is the main source of energy in the ecosystem.

Ans- sunlight

Question-11. Green plants are called—

Ans- producer

Question-12. What is a chemical showing biomagnification called?

Ans- DDT

Question-13. Which of the following would you classify as a consumer?

(a) green plants (b) blue-green algae (c) animals (d) flowers and leaves

Ans- (c) animals

Question-14. Which of these is a decomposer?

(a) fungus (b) cow (c) tiger (d) grass

Ans- (a) fungus

Question-15. Ozone layer is found.

Ans- stratosphere

Question-16. Which of the following is an example of underground water?

(a) river (b) pond (c) well (d) sea

Ans- (b) Pond

Question-17. Which of the following is an example of a natural ecosystem?

(a) Agricultural land (b) Flowering (c) Aquarium (d) Pond

Ans- (d) Pond

Question-18. What is the collection of garbage and waste in one place and their disposal in a scientific way called?

Ans- waste management

Question-19. Which of the following is a biodegradable substance?

(a) DDT (b) paper (c) sewage (d) none of these

Ans- (a) DDT

Question-20. Which of the following groups are biodegradable substances?

(a) Grass, flowers and leather (b) Grass, wood and plastic (c) Fruit peel, cake and lemon juice (d) Cake, wood and grass

Ans- (b) Grass, wood and plastic

Question-21. Which of the following is a substance that decomposes by biological process?

(a) dry grass and leaves (b) plastic (c) rubber (d) none of these

Ans- (a) dry grass and leaves

Question-22. Which of the following form the food chain?

(a) Grass, Wheat and Mango (b) Grass, Goat and Man (c) Goat, Cow and Elephant (d) Grass, Fish and Goat

Ans- (b) Grass, Goat and Man

Question-23. What is a vegetarian diet formed by?

(a) First trophic level (b) Second trophic level (c) Third trophic level (d) Fourth trophic level

Ans- (b) Second trophic level

Question-24. Which of the following is called eco-friendly?

(a) Carrying a cloth bag for goods while going to the market.

(b) Switching off the bulb and fans when the work is over.

(c) Going to school on foot instead of on a scooter.

(d) all of them

Ans- (d) all of them

Question-25. What are examples of bacteria and fungi?

Ans- detergent

Question-26. Who is the producer?

Ans- autotrophs (green plants)

Question-27. What is the first trophic level of a food chain?

Ans- producer

Question-28. DDT and plastic are examples of?

Ans- biodegradable waste

Question-29. What is the reaching of DDT from soil to human tissues called?

Ans- bio magnification

Question-30. Name any one biodegradable substance made by man.

Ans- Paper

Question-31. Ultraviolet rays are absorbed by?

Ans- by ozone layer

Question-32. Which disease can be caused by ultraviolet rays to humans?

Ans- skin cancer

Question-33. By blocking which rays does the ozone layer provide protection to the living beings on Earth?

Ans- to ultraviolet rays

Question-34. On which continent is the ozone hole located?

Ans- Antarctica

Question-35. At what level of the atmosphere, ie in which region, is the ozone canopy located?

Ans- stratosphere

Question-36. Which chemical is responsible for depletion of ozone level?

Ans- Chloro-Fluoro-Carbon (CFC) Chemicals

Question-37. What is the chemical formula of ozone?

Ans- O₃

Question-38. What are the disadvantages of aerosol chemistry?

Ans- ozone level depletion

Question-39. What is the amount of nitrogen in the atmosphere?

Ans- 78%

Question-40. Write the full form of DDT.

Ans- dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane

Question-41. What are autotrophs called?

Ans- producer

Question-42. Cow is an example of which consumer?

Ans- primary

Question-43. At each trophic level of the food chain, only 10% of the total energy is transferred to the next trophic level, which scientist had propounded this law?

Ans- by Lindemann

Question-44. Which of the following is an example of a biological component in an ecosystem?

(a) Rain (b) Heat (c) Soil (d) Plants

Ans- (d) Plants

Question-45. Which of the following is an example of abiotic component in an ecosystem?

(a) grass (b) rose (c) frog (d) wind

Ans- (d) air

Question-46. What are the substances which are decomposed by biological process called?

Ans- biodegradable

Question-47. What are those substances which do not decompose by biological process called?

Ans- non biodegradable

Question-48. Who is responsible for biodegradation?

Ans- bacteria

Question-49. Which of the following are natural ecosystems?

(a) forest (b) garden (c) field (d) none of these

Ans- (a) forest

Question-50. Which of the following is an artificial ecosystem?

(a) Forest (b) Pond (c) Lake (d) Garden

Ans- (d) Garden

Question-51. Which of the following is a producer?

(a) squirrel (b) blue-green algae (c) fish (d) none of these

Ans- (b) blue-green algae

Question-52. Which of the following is not a producer?

(a) squirrel (b) blue-green algae (c) fish (d) none of these

Ans- (c) fish

Question-53. Who is the first consumer in the food chain?

(a) Goat (b) Tiger (c) Lion (d) None of these

Ans- (a) Goat

Question-54. Who among the following is the second consumer?

(a) fish (b) bear (c) lion (d) vulture

Ans- (a) fish

Question-55. Who among the following is the third consumer?

(a) bear (b) deer (c) snake (d) none of these

Ans- (a) Bear

Question-56. All herbivores are animals.

Ans- primary consumer

Question-57. At which trophic level is maximum energy stored?

Ans- first trophic level (producer)

Question-58. What percentage of energy is transferred from one trophic level to another in the food chain?

Ans- 10%

Question-59. What is the network of food chains between organisms called?

Ans- food web

Question-60. At what level is the number of organisms more?

Ans- at the lower trophic level

Question-61. In a terrestrial ecosystem, approximately what percentage of the solar energy received by green plant leaves is converted into food energy?

Ans- 1%

Question-62. Where is the ozone layer found?

Ans- in the upper surface of the atmosphere (stratosphere)

Question-63. Which of the following is an aquatic food chain?

(a) Grass → Goat → Lion

(b) Algae → Aquatic insect → Fish

(c) Grass → Aquatic insect → Fish → Human

(d) Grass → Fish → Man

Ans- (b) Algae → Aquatic insect → Fish