In light of the Phase III population level vaccine trial completed in Thailand in 2009, which only showed moderately efficacious results, it is important to understand how the media are communicating the reality of partial protection, and how individuals may understand partial protection risk messaging when, or if, it is communicated [24]. In this sense, the portrayal of VMMC in the media may be a useful case study for communication strategies of potential future HIV prevention campaigns. To our knowledge, only one other study has investigated newspaper and magazine articles published about VMMC as an HIV prevention method [25]. However, it did not include newspapers from Kenya.

Given the current push to promote VMMC, and the importance of monitoring VMMC promotion messages, this research has two primary objectives. First, to investigate VMMC promotion messages in a popular Kenyan newspaper to determine how the limitations (partial protection) of VMMC are represented, and whether condom use is still being promoted. Secondly, this study seeks to explore public understandings of the limitations of VMMC in Kenya, through online newspaper reader comments.


Free Kenyan Newspaper Download


Download Zip 🔥 https://urlin.us/2y3Clw 🔥



Founded in Kenya in 1959, Daily Nation is the largest independent newspaper in East and Central Africa, and is published by Nation Media Group (NMG) Limited [26]. The Daily Nation was selected due to its ease of access for the study team and large readership in both electronic and print newspapers. It is estimated that in 2006 the Daily Nation had a daily print circulation of 185,000 copies [27], and in 2011 the Daily Nation website was the most popular Kenyan website and the 10th most popular website overall in Kenya [28].

As only one individual coded and analyzed the newspaper stories, no inter-coder reliability score was produced. To ensure validity, an audit trail was maintained. As part of our reflexive process, frequent discussions were held with team members to develop conceptual categories, ensure that the analysis was not prematurely closed and to provide an opportunity to challenge emerging patterns in the data. Moreover, an external reviewer not familiar with the study also read the results to ensure trustworthiness.

The opinion pieces published in the online newspaper indicate that at least some individuals are concerned with the perceived lack of emphasis on supplementing VMMC with other prevention methods. The majority of Op/Ed articles expressed the same concern for misinterpretation of facts or information by the general public as summarized in the following representative quote:

In one study investigating global newspaper reporting of VMMC trials, of the 219 articles found 82 articles reported that individuals should use condoms [25], though there is no information on how this information was reported. The results from the current study, however, indicate, the Daily Nation, does not follow the same worldwide pattern in promoting condom use. This suggests that the individuals in Kenya are not receiving critical information about the limitations of VMMC as often as they could and should be.

This analysis demonstrated that newspaper articles from the Daily Nation fail to emphasize the importance of understanding the limitations of VMMC and do not promote the sustained use of condoms in the majority of articles published regarding VMMC. This finding seems to contradict the public health recommendations put forth by the WHO and many other researchers.

The absence of certain forms of information in newspapers can be a crucial component in understanding public health risk communication. As a large number of individuals receive the majority of their information about HIV/AIDS from the news media, it is important that the news media communicate clearly and do not omit critical information. The risk of still acquiring HIV after circumcision may be more effectively presented using words, rather than numerical values. As Kenya continues to have a high VMMC uptake, it is important that articles focus not only on its potential to reduce HIV infections, but should also explicitly communicate the limitations of the procedure and remind individuals that condom use remains essential.

According to The Star newspaper, CCTV footage from the Westgate Mall shows Kenyan soldiers stealing from cash registers, and filling shopping bags with money following the bloody Sept. 21 attack that killed at least 67 people.

Trust in news overall (63%) remains high compared with other countries in our survey. Commercial TV outlets, such as from the biggest media companies, tend to be the most trusted news sources alongside the Daily Nation newspaper and its associated website. The BBC also has a strong presence in the Kenyan market with high trust scores. Popular papers such as The Star and The People Daily have slightly lower trust.

A collection of newspapers, clippings and ephemera from early 1960's Kenya, around the time of Independence.

Generously donated to the African Studies Library by Philip and Carolyn Henderson.

Please note that these materials are available for in-house consultation only.

This collection comprises South African newspapers from February to March of 1990 documenting Nelson Mandela's release. 

Please note that these newspapers are available for in-house consultation only.

The Ruth Schachter Morgenthau's Home Files collection contains a considerable amount of newspaper clippings. 

Please note that these materials are available for in-house consultation only. 


Print finding guide available with the collection.

A collection of newspaper clippings concerning President Barack Obama taken from the African Studies Library's back issues of African newspapers. 

Please note that these materials are available for in-house consultation only. 


Bibliography/listing of article titles forthcoming

A collections of Sahelian newspapers from Mali, ...., ...., ...

Please note that these materials are currently available for in-house consultation only.

Generously donated to the African Studies Library by John Hutchison.


Bibliography of the collection forthcoming.

During the 2007 post-election violence in Kenya, Boniface Mwangi was a photographer at The Standard, the second-largest Kenyan newspaper. His lens became a symbol of hope, capturing the struggle against political impunity in the face of over 1,000 casualties and half a million displaced citizens.

The Cooperative Africana Materials Project (CAMP) was founded in 1963 as a joint effort by research libraries throughout the world and the Center for Research Libraries (CRL) to promote the preservation of publications and archives concerning the nearly fifty nations of Sub-Saharan Africa. CAMP acquires and preserves materials in microform and digital formats. CAMP collects newspapers, journals, government publications, personal and corporate archives, and the personal papers of scholars and government leaders. CAMP's materials are in many African and European languages, including Swahili, Portuguese, French, Zulu, Xhosa, English, and German.

This dissertation examines the establishment and publication of various Kenyan newspapers between 1899 and 1990. It argues that most were established to enable the interests that controlled them to permeate the political field and other sectors of the economy that sometimes had little or nothing to do with newspapers or the media. That is, newspapers acted as bases from which to affect various centres of power. This meant that the enterprises behind these publications focused their efforts on lobbying the most powerful and influential political players towards positions that favoured the goals of their owners. At the same time, newspapers served as media for the production of conformity, steering public opinion towards those positions. The dissertation also includes a study of the government press during the period under examination as an entity that was also eager to `stake a claim' in the psyche of its targeted audiences. This enabled the governments concerned to encourage compliance with their policies in an attempt to ensure the continuation of the status quo or the enhancement of their power and influence.

The Kenyan newspaper The Nation has made a survey of how much money runners bring back to Kenya each year. The amount was 500 million Shillings which is the equivalent of 7,5 million US Dollars. A bit of a surprise because - as the newspaper wrote - athletics has long been regarded as a sport for people who cannot make it in formal employment.

For a couple of years, the Canadian newspaper, the Ottowan Citizen, has been following the Kenyan runner Joseph Nderitu who has been travelling to Canada twice a year for the last seven years to take part in races with relatively small prizes. The newspaper outlines his story as typical for many Kenyan runners who come to North America. 2351a5e196

traffic city game download

ps4 second screen download pc

properties of concrete neville 5th edition pdf free download

download lagu young lex sa ae lau

download mp3 quran surah maryam