In Taiwan, at least 40 species of anthiadids (fairy basslets and perchlets) have been recorded. Here, I present an updated record of anthiadid species found around the beautiful Island, based on records from the Fish Database of Taiwan and certain publications (e.g., Marine fishes of the Kenting National Park), and my personal research works. Between 2018 and 2025, I traveled across Taiwan, collecting specimens from various fishing ports and markets, including many belonging to the anthiadid. Some newly collected and carefully photographed specimens are showcased here.

台灣海域一共紀錄超過40種花鱸。經整理後，本頁將提供正確及更新的台灣的花鱸紀錄。除了根據台灣魚類資料庫根據和書籍(例如墾丁國家公園海域魚類圖鑑)，也加上數年來在台灣多處魚港及魚市場的採集成果，為台灣的花鱸物種提供清晰的標本照片。

Last update: 2025/12/3

One species in Taiwan; common food fish; sexually dimorphic species; occurs in deep waters in northern, eastern, southern and southwestern Taiwan.

台灣產一種；為常見經濟性食用魚；雌雄異型；棲息於台灣北部、東部、南部至西南部的深水岩礁。

物種：許氏菱齒花鮨 Caprodon schlegelii (Günther, 1859)

One species in Taiwan, very rare; sexually dimorphic species; handful records from eastern, southern and southwestern Taiwan; associated with deep reef ca. 200m or below; genus-level taxonomy needs revision.

台灣產一種，極為少見；雌雄異型；只有零星在東部、南部至西南部的捕記錄；棲息於約200米或以下的深水礁區；屬級分類有待釐清。

物種：琉球大花鮨 Meganthias kingyo (Kon, Yoshino & Sakurai, 2000)

Specimen: NMMB-P38466, 261.9 mm SL, coll. Morgan Liu, off Kaohsiung.

Six species in Taiwan; deep reef species occurs below 100m usually, might occur in shallower upwelling waters (e.g., Turtle Island, Yilan); not sexually dimorphic; common bycatches in deep water fisheries.

台灣目前紀錄六種；棲息於約100米及以下的深水礁區，但可能因湧升流而出現在較淺的區域（如龜山島）；非雌雄異型；通常為深水一支釣的混獲。

金點齒花鮨 O. chrysostictus, NMMB-P34651; rare in Taiwan, only two specimens collected from southwestern TW；台灣少見物種，產於西南海域；台灣目前只有兩尾真正的憑證標本。

片山氏齒花鮨 O. katayamai; common species from northern, NE, eastern, southern and SW Taiwan; differs from O. chrysoctictus by shape of caudal fin;  常見於台灣北部、東北、東部、南部及西南海域；尾鰭明顯與金點齒花鮨不同。

單斑齒花鮨 O. unimaculatus; common in northern and SW Taiwan；常見於台灣北部及西南海域。

紅衣齒花鮨 O. rhodopeplus; uncommon, large species in deep waters (>200m); found from northern and southern Taiwan; 偶見，為深水（200米以下）的較大型物種；台灣北部及南部海域可見。

黃斑齒花鮨 O. borbonius; common species, especially in SW Taiwan; fewer in northern and NE Taiwan; occurs in shallower waters (ca. 100m); 西南海域常見，北部及東北部較少見； 較淺海之物種（約100米）。

Two species in Taiwan; sexually dimorphic; inhabits deep water reef with upwelling current; genus-level taxonomy needs revision.

台灣記錄兩種；雌雄異型；棲息於深水礁區，喜湧升流環境；屬級分類有待釐清。珠櫻鮨在台灣較常稱為珠斑花鱸。

珠櫻鮨 S. margaritacea (male, female); common in northern, NE, eastern and SW Taiwan; 常見於台灣北部、東北、東部、西南海域。

小櫻鮨 S. parva; rare in Taiwan; known from a few specimens collected off NE and SW Taiwan; 稀有種，只有數尾來自台灣東北及西南海域的標本。

A polyphyletic genus but recently re-circumscribed by Tang & Chen (2025); benthic anthiadids, usually solitary; inhabits deep mesophotic to upper bathyal zone (100-500+m); not sexually dimorphic; large species are often sold in market in Taiwan, e.g., P. kamii.

曾是分類混亂的多系群，分類目前已由Tang & Chen (2025)重新整理；為底棲及獨居的花鱸；棲息於中光層以下，深度可達500米；非雌雄異型； 大型物種如黃吻棘花鱸偶爾於市場出售。

黃吻棘花鱸 P. kamii; occurs in deep sea habitats from 250–400m; found in north, eastern to southern Taiwan; large species reaches 250 mm SL；棲息於北部、東部及南部深海礁區（約250–400米）；大型種，標準體長達25 cm.

前川氏棘花鱸 P. maekawa; new record from Taiwan, occurs in southern, SE, SW, NE Taiwan, especially seamount habitats; depth 100-200m; small species <90 mm SL; 台灣新記錄種，南部、東南、西南及東北（宜蘭）海域可見；喜深水礁區及海底山環境，深度100-200米；小型種，標準體長通常小於9公分。

紫鱗棘花鱸 P. purpuralepis; used to be misidentified as Eastern Indian Ocean species P. jothyi; restricted to particular area near "Three Northern Islands"—type locality; depth ca. 250m; 以往誤鑑為東印度洋種-焦氏棘花鱸；台灣分佈局限於北方三島特定區域，此區域亦是模式產地；水深約250米；Coll.  李永泰船長。

山川氏棘花鱸 P. yamakawai; uncommon, occurs in northern, eastern, SE, SW Taiwan; prefers seamount habitats; large species > 200 mm SL; 少見種，北部、東部、東南及西南海域有產；較常出現在海底山（瀨區）環境； 大型種、標準體長達20公分。

沈氏棘花鱸 P. sheni; common bycatch in northern Taiwan; also seen in eastern and SW Taiwan; depth 150-250m; smaller species <120 mm SL usually; 台灣北部海域常見混獲；也分佈於東部、西南海域；水深150-250米；小型種，標準體長通常不大於12公分。

懷氏棘花鱸 P. whiteheadi; currently very rare, recorded from SW and northern Taiwan (once); depth assume about 300m; 目前非常少見，過去多發現在西南海域，北部只有一次；棲息深度可能約300米。

威氏棘花鱸 P. wheeleri; relatively common species, found from northern, NE, southern and SW Taiwan; depth 100-200m; small species < 90 mm SL; 較常見種，分佈於北部、東北、南部、西南海域； 水深100-200米；標準體長通常小於9公分。

New genus described by Tang & Chen (2025); used to be included in Plectranthias; monotypic, contains only A. randalli; uncommon, found from northern, NE, eastern, SW Taiwan; inhabits deep  reef or seafloor; Tang & Chen (2025)描述的新屬；過往為棘花鱸的成員； 目前為單形屬；偶見，分佈於北部、東北及西南海域；棲息於較深的岩礁或非泥質海床。

物種：蘭氏高體花鮨 A. randalli (Fourmanoir & Rivaton, 1980)

A genus formally resurrected by Tang & Chen (2025); used to be included in Plectranthias; deep reef species; usually occurs at depth >200m; 由 Tang & Chen (2025)正式恢復有效的屬名；過往為棘花鱸的成員；深水岩礁物種，深度>200米；Zalanthias 的意思不明，但過去被譯作浪花鮨。

物種：關東浪花鮨 Z. azumanus (Jordan & Richardson, 1910); previously considered a subspecies of Z. kelloggi; common in northern, and southern Taiwan, also recorded in eastern Taiwan; 過往當作凱氏浪花鮨的亞種；台灣北部及南部海域常見，東部海域亦有記錄。

A genus resurrected by Tang & Chen (2025); used to be included in Plectranthias; small and cryptic anthiadids inhabits mesophotic to deep reefs; could be distinguished by having all pectoral-fin rays unbranched; 由 Tang & Chen (2025)恢復有效的屬名；過往為棘花鱸的成員；為小型且隱蔽的花鱸，棲息於中光層至深海岩礁；其中的鑑別特徵為具有不分枝的胸鰭鰭條；因Pelontrus的意思不明，故暫時譯為「單枝花鱸屬」。

物種：相模灣單枝花鱸 Pelontrus sagamiensis (Katayama, 1964); Taiwan new record; collected from NE and SW Taiwan; 台灣新紀錄種，見於東北及西南海域。

A genus resurrected by Tang & Chen (2025); inhabits deep sandy or muddy bottom; etymology of Sayonara really means "goodbye"; 由 Tang & Chen (2025)恢復有效的屬名；物種皆棲息深水沙質或泥質海床； 屬名的確是指「再見」的意思，原因不明； 因該屬物種皆棲息深水海床環境，故目前譯作「底花鮨」。

日本底花鮨 S. japonica; common bycatch in bottom trawl fishery; occurs in SW Taiwan (e.g., off Donggang); 底拖混獲常見；產於西南海域（如東港附近）。

黃斑底花鮨  S. xanthomaculata; rare species, occurs in NE and SW Taiwan; small species reach ca. 65 mm SL; 少見種，分佈於西南及東北海域；小型種，最大標準體長約6.5公分。

A genus resurrected by Tang & Chen (2025); used to be included in Plectranthias; tiny and cryptic anthiadids inhabits shallow to deep mesophotic reef; most species less than 40 mm SL; 由 Tang & Chen (2025)恢復有效的屬名；過往為棘花鱸的成員；為小型且隱蔽的花鱸；棲息淺海至中光層的珊瑚礁；多數物種最大標準體長不超過4公分；Xenanthias 的 "Xen-"可能意指奇特、怪異的意思，故譯作「奇花鮨」。

Species 物種：

• 長臀奇花鮨 X. longimanus (Weber, 1913)

• 短奇花鮨 X. nanus (Randall, 1980)

• 紅斑奇花鮨 X. winniensis (Tyler, 1966)

Comprises a group of reef-associated anthiadids, inhabiting shallow coral reef to mesophotic reefs; mostly zooplanktivorous; forming small groups to big shoals; sexually dimorphic anthiadids; non-monophyletic; taxonomy of Pseudanthias is not yet fully resolved; records of shallow water species are often based on in situ observations, with limited voucher material collected.

主要棲息在淺海珊瑚礁至中光層珊瑚礁的花鱸；為浮游動物食性的花鱸；在礁區組成小群體，甚至到大魚群； 雌雄異形；非單系群，目前擬花鱸的分類尚未完全解決；淺海珊瑚礁物種的記錄多為水下觀察所得，標本典藏相對稀少。

條紋擬花鱸 P. fasciatus; male (雄魚); distribution in Taiwan exclude west coast; occurs at depth below 20m; common species; 台灣周圍海域可見，除西部海岸； 棲息深度通常20米以下；常見種。

長擬花鱸 P. elongatus; male (雄魚); deep water species occurs below 100m usually; common in SW Taiwan; 深水種，棲息深度通常100米以下；台灣西南海域常見。

側帶擬花鮨 P. pleurotaenia; male (雄魚); ; occurs in shallow reef in NE, southern and SW Taiwan;  台灣東北、南部及西南海域的淺海珊瑚礁可見。

紅帶擬花鮨 P. rubrizonatus; male (雄魚); occurs at depth below 20m; occurs in NE, southern and SW Taiwan;  棲息深度通常20米以下；台灣東北、南部及西南海域可見。

註：紅帶擬花鮨與側帶擬花鮨的雌魚非常相似

側帶擬花鮨 P. pleurotaenia; intermediate state (性別轉換之中間形態); inhabits coral reef; seen in eastern, southern Taiwan and offshore islands; 珊瑚礁物種； 台灣東部、南部及離島可見。

絲鰭擬花鮨 P. squamipinnis; male (雄魚); common in coral reef or reef habitats around Taiwan; cryptic diversity detected; species-level taxonomy needs revision; 台灣珊瑚礁及岩礁海域常見；包含隱蔽種；物種分類需要修改。

紅紋擬花鮨 P. rubrolineatus; male (雄魚); not officially recorded in Taiwan;  appears as a rare bycatch of deepwater fishing; inhabits deep reefs; seen in eastern and SW Taiwan; 台灣未有正式記錄；偶爾為深水一支釣的混獲；棲息於深水珊瑚礁；台灣東部及南部有釣獲紀錄。

One species in Taiwan; inhabits deep sandy or muddy seafloor; uncommon, appears as bycatch in bottom trawl; occurs in SW and NE Taiwan; taxonomy needs further revisions.

台灣產一種；棲息於深水沙質或泥質海床； 不常見，偶爾為底拖網之混獲魚種； 分佈於台灣西南及東北海域；分類尚需進一步研究。

物種：姬鮨 Tosana niwae Smith & Pope, 1906 

物種 Species:

• M. pascalus  厚唇花鮨 (Jordan & Tanaka, 1927)

• M. tuka 尖吻厚唇花鮨 Herre & Montalban, 1927

Redescribed by Gill (2022); inhabits shallow coral reefs; forming small to large schools; upper jaw hypertrophic in adults; 本屬由Gill (2022)重新描述；棲息於淺海珊瑚礁；成魚上唇突出；組成小群體或大魚群。

雙色絲鰭花鮨 N. bicolor; aquarium individual.

物種 Species:

• 寬身花鱸 S. latus Watanabe, 1949

物種 Species:

• 臀斑月花鮨 S. analis Tanaka, 1918.

物種 Species:

• 巨棘花鱸 G. immaculatus Katayama, 1954; occasionally seen in northern, eastern, southern and SW Taiwan; 台灣北部、東部、南部及西南海域有產。